The Arctic Marine Environment

2013 ◽  
pp. 21-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Riedel
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
The Arctic

The EU Influence on Norwegian Domestic Legislation for the Protection of the Arctic Marine Environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 415-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise Johansen
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
European Economic Area ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Environmental Legislation ◽  
Economic Area ◽  
Domestic Legislation ◽  
Marine Areas ◽  
The Eu

Abstract In the last several decades, the European Union (EU) has demonstrated its intention to play an important role in supporting Arctic cooperation and helping to meet the challenges now facing the region. Norway, one of the five Arctic coastal states, and the EU have cooperated closely in this regard, particularly through the Agreement on the European Economic Area (EEA Agreement). This article examines how Norway’s domestic legislation applicable to its Arctic marine areas has been influenced by the development of EU environmental legislation. Specifically, this paper provides a discussion and analysis of the relevant Norwegian laws and mechanisms used to regulate how EU environmental legislation has been incorporated into Norway’s domestic legislation through the EEA Agreement.

Circumpolar Trends of PCBs and Organochlorine Pesticides in the Arctic Marine Environment Inferred from Levels in Ringed Seals

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 2431-2438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Muir ◽  
Frank Riget ◽  
Marianne Cleemann ◽  
Janneche Skaare ◽  
Lars Kleivane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Ringed Seals

scholarly journals International governance of the arctic marine environment

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian T. K.-H. Stadtländer
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
International Governance

scholarly journals Review article: How does glacier discharge affect marine biogeochemistry and primary production in the Arctic?

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1347-1383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Hopwood ◽  
Dustin Carroll ◽  
Thorben Dunse ◽  
Andy Hodson ◽  
Johnna M. Holding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Freshwater Discharge ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Temporal Region ◽  
Marine Biogeochemistry ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Abstract. Freshwater discharge from glaciers is increasing across the Arctic in response to anthropogenic climate change, which raises questions about the potential downstream effects in the marine environment. Whilst a combination of long-term monitoring programmes and intensive Arctic field campaigns have improved our knowledge of glacier–ocean interactions in recent years, especially with respect to fjord/ocean circulation, there are extensive knowledge gaps concerning how glaciers affect marine biogeochemistry and productivity. Following two cross-cutting disciplinary International Arctic Science Committee (IASC) workshops addressing the importance of glaciers for the marine ecosystem, here we review the state of the art concerning how freshwater discharge affects the marine environment with a specific focus on marine biogeochemistry and biological productivity. Using a series of Arctic case studies (Nuup Kangerlua/Godthåbsfjord, Kongsfjorden, Kangerluarsuup Sermia/Bowdoin Fjord, Young Sound and Sermilik Fjord), the interconnected effects of freshwater discharge on fjord–shelf exchange, nutrient availability, the carbonate system, the carbon cycle and the microbial food web are investigated. Key findings are that whether the effect of glacier discharge on marine primary production is positive or negative is highly dependent on a combination of factors. These include glacier type (marine- or land-terminating), fjord–glacier geometry and the limiting resource(s) for phytoplankton growth in a specific spatio-temporal region (light, macronutrients or micronutrients). Arctic glacier fjords therefore often exhibit distinct discharge–productivity relationships, and multiple case-studies must be considered in order to understand the net effects of glacier discharge on Arctic marine ecosystems.

The legal protection of the marine environment: The Marine Strategy Framework Directive and its implementation in Spain

elni Review ◽  
2012 ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
Ana Barreira
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Open Systems ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Marine Strategy Framework Directive ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Action Programme ◽  
Marine Protection ◽  
The Baltic

Marine ecosystems are open systems with complex interactions within and among them. Impacts on or alterations to one ecosystem in one site of the marine environment will influence other sites, i.e: human activities, conducted in the coastal zone can have significant impacts on the offshore environment, and vice-versa. Within the European Union, bathed by two oceans (the Atlantic and the Arctic) and four seas (the Baltic, Black, Mediterranean and North seas) and with 22 coastal states, the Sixth Environmental Action Programme of the European Community set the process to establish an Integrated Maritime Policy (IMP) when it proposed the development of a strategy for marine protection identifying marine protection as one of its priority areas. The IMP was adopted in 2007. The environmental dimension of the IMP is the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). Its aim is to protect more effectively the marine environment across Europe through the achievement of good environmental status of the EU's marine waters by 2020 and to protect the resource base upon which marine-related economic and social activities depend. The purpose of this article is to analyse the main elements of the MSFD and to examine how Spain, as an EU country with 8000 km of coastal fringe, ist complying with it and will review its marine governance framework.

scholarly journals Contaminants in the arctic marine environment: priorities for protection

1996 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Macdonald
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
The Arctic
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