The Sympathoadrenal Progenitor of the Neural Crest: Basic Biology and Therapeutic Potential

1992 ◽  
pp. 40-58
Author(s):  
D. J. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Basic Biology

The neuroprotective properties and therapeutic potential of epidermal neural crest stem cells transplantation in a rat model of vascular dementia

2021 ◽  
pp. 147750
Author(s):  
Somayeh Akbari ◽  
Etrat Hooshmandi ◽  
Mahnaz Bayat ◽  
Afshin Borhani Haghighi ◽  
Mohammad Saied Salehi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Crest ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Neural Crest Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cells Transplantation

289 COOPERATIVE EXPRESSION OF PLURIPOTENCY-RELATED GENES AND NEURAL CREST MARKER GENES IN PORCINE GFP-TRANSGENIC SKIN-DERIVED PROGENITORS

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
M. T. Zhao ◽  
C. S. Isom ◽  
J. G. Zhao ◽  
Y. H. Hao ◽  
J. Ross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Crest ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Marker Gene ◽  
Stem Cell Marker ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
Marker Gene Expression ◽  
Neural Crest Origin

Recently neural crest derived multipotent progenitors from skin have attracted much attention as the skin may provide an accessible, autologous source of stem cells available with therapeutic potential (Toma JG et al. 2001 Nat. Cell Biol. 3, 778–784). The multipotent property of stem cells could be tracked back to the expression of specific marker genes that are exclusively expressed in multipotent stem cells rather than any other types of differentiated cells. Here we demonstrate the property of multipotency and neural crest origin of porcine GFP-transgenic skin derived progenitors (termed pSKP) in vitro by marker gene expression analysis. The pSKP cells were isolated from the back skin of GFP transgenic fetuses by serum-free selection culture in the presence of EGF (20 ng mL–1) and bFGF (40 ng mL–1), and developed into spheres in 1–2 weeks (Dyce PW et al. 2004 Biochem. Biophy. Res. Commun. 316, 651–658). Three groups of RT-PCR primers were used on total RNA from purified pSKP cells: pluripotency related genes (Oct4, Sox2, Nanog, Stat3), neural crest marker genes (p75NGFR, Slug, Twist, Pax3, Sox9, Sox10) and lineage specific genes (GFAP, tubulin β-III, leptin). Expression of both pluripotency related genes and neural crest marker genes were detected in undifferentiated pSKP cells. In addition, transcripts for fibronectin, vimentin and nestin (neural stem cell marker) were also present. The percentage of positive cells for Oct4, fibronection and vimentin were 12.3%, 67.9% and 53.7% respectively. Differentiation assays showed the appearance of tubulin β-III positive (39.4%) and GFAP-positive (42.6%) cells in cultures by immunocytochemistry, which share the characteristics of neurons and glial cells, respectively. Thus, we confirm the multiple lineage potentials and neural crest origin of pSKP cells in the level of marker gene expression. This work was funded by National Institutes of Health National Center for Research Resources RR013438.

The neural crest: Basic biology and clinical relationships in the craniofacial and enteric nervous systems

2004 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter G. Farlie ◽  
Sonja J. McKeown ◽  
Donald F. Newgreen
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Nervous Systems ◽  
Basic Biology

scholarly journals Apoptotic cell clearance: basic biology and therapeutic potential

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan K. H. Poon ◽  
Christopher D. Lucas ◽  
Adriano G. Rossi ◽  
Kodi S. Ravichandran
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Apoptotic Cell Clearance ◽  
Cell Clearance ◽  
Basic Biology

scholarly journals Multipotent skin-derived precursors: adult neural crest-related precursors with therapeutic potential

2007 ◽  
Vol 363 (1489) ◽  
pp. 185-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl J.L Fernandes ◽  
Jean G Toma ◽  
Freda D Miller
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Precursor Cell ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Lineage Differentiation ◽  
Mammalian Skin ◽  
Surprising Finding

We previously made the surprising finding that cultures of multipotent precursors can be grown from the dermis of neonatal and adult mammalian skin. These skin-derived precursors (SKPs) display multi-lineage differentiation potential, producing both neural and mesodermal progeny in vitro , and are an apparently novel precursor cell type that is distinct from other known precursors within the skin. In this review, we begin by placing these findings within the context of the rapidly evolving stem cell field. We then describe our recent efforts focused on understanding the developmental biology of SKPs, discussing the idea that SKPs are neural crest-related precursors that (i) migrate into the skin during embryogenesis, (ii) persist within a specific dermal niche, and (iii) play a key role in the normal physiology, and potentially pathology, of the skin. We conclude by highlighting some of the therapeutic implications and unresolved questions raised by these studies.

MicroRNAs—Basic Biology and Therapeutic Potential

2011 ◽  
pp. 351-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Katrina Loomis ◽  
Graham J. Brock
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Basic Biology

scholarly journals Development of cGAMP-Luc, a sensitive and precise coupled enzyme assay to measure cGAMP in complex biological samples

2020 ◽  
Vol 295 (15) ◽  
pp. 4881-4892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel E. Mardjuki ◽  
Jacqueline A. Carozza ◽  
Lingyin Li
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Innate Immune System ◽  
Enzyme Assay ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Extracellular Signal ◽  
Basic Biology ◽  
Sting Pathway ◽  
High Throughput Assay

2′,5′/3′,5′-cGMP-AMP (cGAMP) is a second messenger produced in response to cytosolic dsDNA that activates the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway. We recently discovered that cGAMP is exported by cancer cells and that this extracellular signal is an immunotransmitter key to tumor detection and elimination by the innate immune system. The enhancement of extracellular cGAMP levels therefore holds great promise for managing cancer. However, there is still much more to understand about the basic biology of cGAMP before its full therapeutic potential can be realized. To answer these questions, we must be able to detect and quantitate cGAMP with an assay that is high-throughput, sensitive, and precise. Existing assays fall short of these needs. Here, we describe the development of cGAMP-Luc, a coupled enzyme assay that relies on the degradation of cGAMP to AMP by ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) and an optimized assay for the detection of AMP by luciferase. We also developed STING-CAP, a STING-mediated method to concentrate and purify cGAMP from any type of biological sample. We conclude that cGAMP-Luc is an economical high-throughput assay that matches the accuracy of and surpasses the detection limit of MS, the current gold standard of cGAMP quantitation. We propose that cGAMP-Luc is a powerful tool that may enable discoveries that advance insights into extracellular cGAMP levels in healthy and diseased tissues, such as cancer.

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