Ground-Borne Vibration due to Railway Traffic: A Review of Excitation Mechanisms, Prediction Methods and Mitigation Measures

2015 ◽  
pp. 253-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Lombaert ◽  
G. Degrande ◽  
S. François ◽  
D. J. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Prediction Methods ◽  
Railway Traffic ◽  
Excitation Mechanisms

scholarly journals Concrete wave barriers to mitigate ground vibrations induced by railway traffic: a three-dimensional numerical study

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-406
Author(s):  
Jesús Fernández Ruiz ◽  
◽  
Luis Medina Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
3D Fem ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Fem Model ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
Railway Traffic ◽  
Efficient Measure

Continuous wave barriers are mitigation measures to reduce vibrations induced by railway traffic which have been well studied in technical literature. Nevertheless, there are not many studies about discontinuous concrete wave barriers. By this reason, in this paper continuous and discontinuous concrete wave barriers are studied and compared. With this objective, two theoretical cases with discontinuous barriers have been analysed and the results have been compared with those from both continuous barriers and without barriers cases. The study has been carried out with a dynamic numerical 3D FEM model formulated in the space/time domain, which has previously been validated by authors on the Lisbon-Oporto (Portugal) railway line. The numerical results show the discontinuous barriers with a small separation between axles (less than twice the thickness of the continuous barrier) are an efficient measure in the reduction of vibrations, reaching values of insertion loss of up to 13 dB. So, these could be a very interesting alternative to continuous barriers, in order to conjugate a somewhat lower level of reduction of vibration at a considerable lower cost.

scholarly journals Safety and availability evaluation of railway operation based on the state of signalling systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amparo Morant ◽  
Anna Gustafson ◽  
Peter Söderholm ◽  
Per-Olof Larsson-Kråik ◽  
Uday Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Markov Model ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
Repair Rate ◽  
Railway Traffic ◽  
Railway Signalling ◽  
Railway Operation ◽  
Signalling Systems

A framework is presented to evaluate the safety and availability of the railway operation, and quantifying the probability of the signalling system not to supervise the railway traffic. Since a failure of the signalling systems still allows operation of the railway, it is not sufficient to study their effect on the railway operation by considering only the failures and delays. The safety and availability are evaluated, handling both repairs and replacements by using a Markov model. The model is verified with a case study of Swedish railway signalling systems with different scenarios. The results show that the probability of being in a state where operation is possible in a degraded mode is greater than the probability of not being operative at all, which reduces delays but requires other risk mitigation measures to ensure safe operation. The effects that different improvements can have on the safety and availability of the railway operation are simulated. The results show that combining maintenance improvements to reduce the failure rate and increase the repair rate is more efficient at increasing the probability of being in an operative state and reducing the probability of operating in a degraded state.

Research on Characteristics and Prediction Methods of Expressway Accidents

CICTP 2020 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiyuan Tan ◽  
Qianqian Qiu ◽  
Shuofeng Wang ◽  
Na Xie ◽  
Yuelong Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Methods

Costs and Benefits of the Transition to Low-carbon Economyin Russia: Perspectives up to 2050

2014 ◽  
pp. 70-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Bashmakov ◽  
A. Myshak
Keyword(s):  
Emission Reduction ◽  
High Probability ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Ghg Emission ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Emissions Mitigation ◽  
Very High

This paper investigates costs and benefits associated with low-carbon economic development pathways realization to the mid XXI century. 30 scenarios covering practically all “visions of the future” were developed by several research groups based on scenario assumptions agreed upon in advance. It is shown that with a very high probability Russian energy-related GHG emissions will reach the peak before 2050, which will be at least 11% below the 1990 emission level. The height of the peak depends on portfolio of GHG emissions mitigation measures. Efforts to keep 2050 GHG emissions 25-30% below the 1990 level bring no GDP losses. GDP impact of deep GHG emission reduction - by 50% of the 1990 level - varies from plus 4% to minus 9%. Finally, very deep GHG emission reduction - by 80% - may bring GDP losses of over 10%.

Fire Risk Analysis Using Geospatial Approach and Mitigation Measures for South-West Delhi

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
S. K. Tomar ◽  
A. Kaur ◽  
H. K. Dangi ◽  
T. Ghawana ◽  
K. Sarma
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Fire Service ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Fire Risk Analysis ◽  
South West ◽  
Geospatial Tools ◽  
Fire Stations

One of the major challenge from unplanned growth in the cities is the fire incidents posing a serious threat to life and property. Delhi, the capital city of India, has seen unplanned growth of colonies resulting in a serious concern for the relevant agencies. This paper investigates the relation between potential causes of fire incidents during 2013-2016 in South-West Delhi Division of Delhi Fire Services as part of risk analysis using the data about fire stations & their jurisdictions, incidents of fire, water reservoirs available, landuse and population data along with the divisional & sub-divisional boundaries of South-West Delhi division under Delhi Fire Service. Statistical and Geospatial tools have been used together to perform the risk analysis. The analysis reveals that difference in actual occupancy and defined landuse as a part of unplanned growth of settlements is found to be the main reason behind the major fire incidents. The suggested mitigation measures focus on legal, policy, physical & technological aspects and highlight the need to bring the systemic changes with changing scenario of demographics and infrastructure to accommodate more aspects of ground reality.

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