Conducting IPNs and Ionic Liquids: Applications to Electroactive Polymer Devices

Applications of Ionic Liquids in Polymer Science and Technology ◽

10.1007/978-3-662-44903-5_11 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 297-321

Author(s):

Dominique Teyssié ◽

Claude Chevrot ◽

Pierre-Henri Aubert ◽

Cédric Plesse ◽

Frédéric Vidal

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquids ◽

Electroactive Polymer ◽

Polymer Devices

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Comparative Analysis of Fluorinated Anions for Polypyrrole Linear Actuator Electrolytes

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym11050849 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 849 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Nguyen Quang Khuyen ◽

Zane Zondaka ◽

Madis Harjo ◽

Janno Torop ◽

Tarmo Tamm ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquids ◽

Comparative Analysis ◽

Propylene Carbonate ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Mechanical Deformation ◽

Electroactive Polymer ◽

Room Temperature Ionic Liquids ◽

Linear Actuator ◽

Carbonate Solutions ◽

Linear Actuators

Either as salts or room temperature ionic liquids, fluorinated anion-based electrolytes have been a common choice for ionic electroactive polymer actuators, both linear and bending. In the present work, propylene carbonate solutions of four electrolytes of the three hugely popular anions—triflouromethanesulfonate, bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide, and hexafluorophosphate were compared and evaluated in polypyrrole linear actuators. The actuation direction, the characteristics—performance relations influence the behavior of the actuators. Isotonic Electro-chemo-mechanical deformation (ECMD) measurements were performed to study the response of the PPy/DBS samples. The highest strain for pristine PPy/DBS linear actuators was found in range of 21% for LiTFSI, while TBAPF6 had the least cation involvement, suggesting the potential for application in durable and controllable actuators. Interesting cation effects on the actuation of the same anions (CF3SO3−) were also observed.

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Understanding the Behavior of Fully Non-Toxic Polypyrrole-Gelatin and Polypyrrole-PVdF Soft Actuators with Choline Ionic Liquids

Actuators ◽

10.3390/act9020040 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 40

Author(s):

Fred Elhi ◽

Karl Karu ◽

Pille Rinne ◽

Kadi-Anne Nadel ◽

Martin Järvekülg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquids ◽

Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽

High Performance ◽

Density Functional ◽

Strain Difference ◽

Density Functional Theory Calculations ◽

Building Blocks ◽

Distribution Functions ◽

Electroactive Polymer ◽

Correlation Peak

Smart and soft electroactive polymer actuators as building blocks for soft robotics have many beneficial properties that could make them useful in future biomimetic and biomedical applications. Gelatin—a material exploited for medical applications—can be used to make a fully biologically benign soft electroactive polymer actuator that provides high performance and has been shown to be harmless. In our study, these polypyrrole-gelatin trilayer actuators with choline acetate and choline isobutyrate showed the highest strain difference and highest efficiency in strain difference to charge density ratios compared to a reference system containing imidazolium-based ionic liquid and a traditional polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) membrane material. As neither the relative ion sizes nor the measured parameters of the ionic liquids could explain their behavior in the actuators, molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory calculations were conducted. Strong cation-cation clustering was found and the radial distribution functions provided further insight into the topic, showing that the cation-cation correlation peak height is a good predictor of strain difference of the actuators.

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