Modulation of Cholinergic Synaptic Transmission by Arachidonic Acid in Bullfrog sympathetic Neurons

It has been over 60 years since peripheral efferent vestibular terminals were first identified in mammals, and yet the function of the efferent vestibular system remains obscure. One reason for the lack of progress may be due to our deficient understanding of the peripheral efferent synapse. Although vestibular efferent terminals were identified as cholinergic less than a decade after their anatomical characterization, the cellular mechanisms that underlie the properties of these synapses have had to be inferred. In this review we examine how recent mammalian studies have begun to reveal both nicotinic and muscarinic effects at these terminals and therefore provide a context for fast and slow responses observed in classic electrophysiological studies of the mammalian efferent vestibular system, nearly 40 years ago. Although incomplete, these new results together with those of recent behavioral studies are helping to unravel the mysterious and perplexing action of the efferent vestibular system. Armed with this information, we may finally appreciate the behavioral framework in which the efferent vestibular system operates.

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On the role of arachidonic acid in M-current modulation by muscarine in bullfrog sympathetic neurons

Journal of Neuroscience ◽

10.1523/jneurosci.14-11-07053.1994 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 14 (11) ◽

pp. 7053-7066 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

A Villarroel

Keyword(s):

Arachidonic Acid ◽

Sympathetic Neurons ◽

Current Modulation ◽

M Current

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Nerve Growth Factor Modulates Synaptic Transmission between Sympathetic Neurons and Cardiac Myocytes

Journal of Neuroscience ◽

10.1523/jneurosci.17-24-09573.1997 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 17 (24) ◽

pp. 9573-9582 ◽

Cited By ~ 103

Author(s):

Sybil T. Lockhart ◽

Gina G. Turrigiano ◽

Susan J. Birren

Keyword(s):

Nerve Growth Factor ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Synaptic Transmission ◽

Cardiac Myocytes ◽

Sympathetic Neurons ◽

Nerve Growth

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Author Correction: Prefrontal cortical ChAT-VIP interneurons provide local excitation by cholinergic synaptic transmission and control attention

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-020-14315-y ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Joshua Obermayer ◽

Antonio Luchicchi ◽

Tim S. Heistek ◽

Sybren F. de Kloet ◽

Huub Terra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Synaptic Transmission ◽

Local Excitation ◽

Prefrontal Cortical ◽

Cholinergic Synaptic Transmission ◽

And Control

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Effect of substance P on colonic mechanoreceptors, motility, and sympathetic neurons

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.1982.243.4.g259 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 243 (4) ◽

pp. G259-G267 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. Krier ◽

J. H. Szurszewski

Keyword(s):

Substance P ◽

Synaptic Transmission ◽

Sympathetic Neurons ◽

Colonic Motility ◽

Input Resistance ◽

Intraluminal Pressure ◽

Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials ◽

Postsynaptic Potentials ◽

Recording Techniques

Intracellular recording techniques were used in vitro to analyze the effects of substance P (SP) on synaptic transmission and electrical properties of sympathetic neurons in the inferior mesenteric ganglion (IMG) of the guinea pig. Intraluminal pressure-recording techniques were used to study the effects of SP on colonic motility. Superfusion of the ganglia with SP (10(-7) to 10(-6) M) depolarized the cell soma (2--12 mV) and increased cell input resistance (8--11 M omega). These effects converted synchronous excitatory postsynaptic potentials, in response to electrical stimulation of preganglionic nerves, and asynchronous excitatory postsynaptic potentials, in response to activation of colonic mechanoreceptors, to action potentials. Administration of SP to only the colon increased basal intraluminal pressure and the frequency and amplitude of phasic changes in intraluminal pressure. These changes increased mechanoreceptor synaptic input to neurons in the IMG. We conclude that SP facilitates synaptic transmission along noradrenergic pathways and increases colonic motility.

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