Lymphocyte-mediated eosinophilia in guinea pigs with delayed hypersensitivity to a chemical

1977 ◽  
pp. 85-100
Author(s):  
W. E. Parish ◽  
E. Luckhurst
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Delayed Hypersensitivity

scholarly journals Differential Suppressive Effect of Hydrocortisone on Lymphocytes and Mononuclear Macrophages in Delayed Hypersensitivity of Guinea Pigs

1972 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
William L. Weston ◽  
Mickey J. Mandel ◽  
Gerald G. Krueger ◽  
Henry N. Claman
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Delayed Hypersensitivity

scholarly journals DELAYED HYPERSENSITIVITY

1957 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan W. Uhr ◽  
A. M. Pappenheimer ◽  
M. Yoneda
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Diphtheria Toxin ◽  
Intradermal Injection ◽  
Delayed Hypersensitivity ◽  
Toxigenic Strain ◽  
Skin Reactions ◽  
Minute Amount ◽  
Initial Infection ◽  
Toxigenic Strains

Guinea pigs infected by intradermal injection of living toxigenic diphtheria bacilli and protected by horse antitoxic globulin, given either before or after infection, develop delayed hypersensitivity of the tuberculin type to diphtherial proteins. The highest degree of hypersensitivity is specifically directed against diphtheria toxin (or toxoid) itself, although smaller delayed skin reactions may be evoked in sensitized animals by other diphtherial proteins common to both toxigenic and non-toxigenic strains. Animals sensitized to diphtheria toxin by infection with a toxigenic strain in this way react positively to the Schick test and their serum usually contains no detectable antitoxin 2 to 3 weeks after the initial infection. Animals infected with living non-toxigenic diphtheria bacilli become sensitized to proteins common to both toxigenic and non-toxigenic strains but do not show sensitivity to toxin. The observations suggest that a minute amount of toxoid, or of toxin comparable to that which might be liberated during infection, might induce the hypersensitive state if injected in the form of a complex with excess antitoxin. This prediction is verified by the results reported in the following paper (23).

scholarly journals REGULATION OF DELAYED HYPERSENSITIVITY

1973 ◽  
Vol 137 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Dwyer ◽  
F. S. Kantor
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Delayed Hypersensitivity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Data Support ◽  
Feedback Inhibitor ◽  
Hypersensitivity Skin ◽  
Normal Macrophage

Two potential mechanisms for terminating delayed hypersensitivity (DH) reactions have been examined in desensitized guinea pigs. Lack of macrophage responsiveness to lymphokines was sought as an explanation for the reduced ability of these animals to express delayed hypersensitivity. Skin-reactive factor was injected into the skin of desensitized guinea pigs and a control group of similarly immunized animals. The resulting inflammatory reactions were similar in size and intensity in both groups indicating normal macrophage responsiveness in the desensitized state. Passive cellular transfer of DH responses to desensitized animals was markedly less successful than transfer to normal animals. However, cells from desensitized guinea pigs did transfer DH responsiveness to normal animals. These data support the concept of a humoral suppressant of cellular immunity, perhaps acting as a feedback inhibitor, produced when guinea pigs are desensitized.

scholarly journals DELAYED HYPERSENSITIVITY

1958 ◽  
Vol 108 (6) ◽  
pp. 905-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan W. Uhr ◽  
M. W. Brandriss
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Endotoxin Tolerance ◽  
Delayed Hypersensitivity ◽  
Febrile Response ◽  
Protein Antigens ◽  
Skin Reactivity ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Specific Challenge

Guinea pigs with delayed hypersensitivity to protein antigens show a specific febrile response accompanied by a lymphopenia following injection of a desensitizing dose of specific antigen. No signs of shock are observed in highly sensitive animals following this injection. The response is not prevented in sensitive guinea pigs by inducing endotoxin tolerance or by pretreating with cortisone before specific challenge. Using a suitable antigen in sufficiently sensitive animals as little as 100 µg. can elicit a pronounced febrile response. Injection of a desensitizing dose of antigen specifically abolishes systemic as well as skin reactivity for several days. Normal or hypersensitive (delayed-type) animals passively sensitized with sufficient amounts of serum antibody show hypothermia after specific challenge and may show a delayed type of fatal shock. Differences were noted between their systemic reactivities, however, and the reactivity seen in specifically challenged tuberculous animals.

scholarly journals The immunogenic activity of ribosomal fractions derived fromBrucella abortus

1976 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Corbel
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Brucella Abortus ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Delayed Hypersensitivity ◽  
Hypersensitivity Reactions ◽  
Subcutaneous Injections ◽  
Disk Electrophoresis ◽  
Protein Components ◽  
Intracutaneous Injection

SUMMARYThe immunizing activity of ribosome preparations derived fromBrucella abortusstrain 19 cells was examined in guinea-pigs and mice. After subcutaneous injections ofBr. abortusribosomes in Freund's incomplete adjuvant, both mice and guinea-pigs developed immunity to challenge by virulentBr. abortus544 organisms which was at least as effective as the protection conferred by live strain 19 vaccine. Both mice and guinea-pigs also developed agglutinating and complement-fixing antibodies and delayed hypersensitivity toBr. abortusantigens. Conversely, ribosome preparations elicited delayed hypersensitivity reactions on intracutaneous injection into guinea-pigs chronically infected withBr. abortusorBr. melitensis.On injection into rabbits,Br. abortusribosomes incorporated in incomplete adjuvant induced high titres of agglutinins, complement fixing antibodies and precipitins forBr. abortusantigens. On immunochemical examination, the ribosome preparations were not grossly contaminated with antigens derived from the cell surface. They were chemically complex, however, and in addition to RNA contained numerous protein components identified by disk electrophoresis. The nature of the components responsible for conferring protection againstBr. abortuswas not determined.

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