Environmental Effects of the January 2, 1988, Diesel oil Spill into the Monongahela River—Progress Report

1988 ◽  
pp. 435-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Berkey ◽  
Samuel M. Creeger ◽  
Roger L. Price
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Progress Report ◽  
Monongahela River

Response to the Esso Bernicia oil spill

1995 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 233-245
Author(s):  
Peter Foxton ◽  
Martin Heubeck
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Contingency Planning ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil

SynopsisA brief description is given of the accident to the tanker Esso Bernicia that resulted in the release of 1174 tonnes of heavy fuel oil into the harbour at Sullom Voe. The measures taken to deal with the spill and the resulting oil pollution are described and their effectiveness assessed. Aspects of the environmental effects are considered with particular reference to birds, otters and sheep. Wide-ranging inquiries were made into the cause of the incident, the adequacy of the response, and the effects of the pollution. The actions that resulted are described. Finally the significance of the event is considered in relation to the subsequent development of oil spill contingency planning at Sullom Voe, and in the wider context of Shetland.

Oil Spill Simulations and Susceptibility in Coastal and Estuarine Areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 396 ◽  
pp. 109-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Barbosa Monteiro ◽  
Phelype Haron Oleinik ◽  
Bruno Vasconcellos Lopes ◽  
Thalita Fagundes Leal ◽  
Osmar Olinto Möller Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Hydrodynamic Conditions ◽  
Residual Oil ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Mass Losses ◽  
Estuarine Region ◽  
Modelling System ◽  
Oil Particles

A modelling system was utilised to simulate the movement and behaviour of oil slicks for two types of hydrocarbons, a diesel and another residual, considering hydrodynamic variations. Susceptible areas to oil touching were found in adjacent regions of two vessel manoeuvring zones, in two types of zones, one in a marine coastal and another in an estuarine environment. The evaporation rates were calculated for an estimate of the mass losses. For the maritime zone, the oil particles reached the vicinity of the beaches in approximately 4 to 8 hours after the beginning of the spill simulations, while for the estuary in approximately 1 hour. For the scenarios with diesel oil, mass losses oscillated between 13 to 16% in the estuarine region, and between 23 and 29% in the marine coastal zones. The evaporation rates for scenarios with residual oil, between 2 and 5%, were considerably lower than for diesel (15 and 22%), especially for spills simulated in the estuarine region, where the oil particles reached the lagoon banks after 1 hour. Mass losses by evaporation were more intense in marine coastal areas than for oil spills simulated in estuarine regions, possibly due to the more intense hydrodynamic conditions and the longer time that the oil needs to reach the coast. The fluctuations of observed environmental conditions justify the need for a robust number of simulations for reducing the uncertainties related to the oceanographic and meteorological variability that affect oil spill movement.

Diesel oil spill in a subalpine meadow: 9 years of recovery

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 906-910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joy Belsky
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Community Recovery ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Subalpine Meadow ◽  
Meadow Communities ◽  
Casual Observer

Two subalpine meadow communities near Mt. Baker, Washington, were inundated by a spill of 26 000 L of diesel oil in 1972. Studies were made of the initial impact of the oil on the vegetation and of community recovery over 9 years. Within two growing seasons following the spill, plant cover had decreased from a prespill cover of nearly 100% to 1% and all species except Phyllodoce empetriformis, Carex lenticularis, and Rhacomitrium sudeticum had died. Seedlings of Carex nigricans began to appear on bare soil after 1 year, followed by seedlings of other common subalpine species 2 to 4 years later. Nine years after the perturbation 5 to 20% of the ground was covered with vegetation and the original disturbance could no longer be discerned by a casual observer.

OFFSHORE OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION: WHAT ARE THE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS AND DO THEY JUSTIFY LIMITATIONS ON ACCESS TO COASTAL WATERS?

1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
R.P. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Assessment Procedure ◽  
Seismic Surveys ◽  
Oil And Gas Exploration ◽  
Direct Exposure ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Offshore Oil

A proposal to undertake exploration in the coastal waters adjacent to Sydney/Newcastle/Wollongong has brought strong protests on environmental grounds. This opposition is committed and the basis for it should be considered in the wider context of offshore exploration around Australia. Of the various activities involved in oil and gas exploration the potential impacts of marine seismic surveys and the likelihood of a blowout- related oil spill are those of greatest concern to the media and public.A review of the available literature shows the environmental effects of seismic surveys to be of little consequence provided non- explosive energy sources are used. The effects of an oil spill are heavily dependent on site conditions and the type of oil spilled.The literature shows that direct exposure to spilled oil is fatal to many marine species. However, the potential lethal effects are largely dependent on direct exposure and this declines with the weathering and degradation of the spill. Moreover, the risks of an oil spill occurring as a result of current transportation and handling of oil in coastal waters and points around Australia are much greater than would be presented by drilling an exploratory well.In considering the role of exploration as an assessment procedure rather than a land use it is possible to draw parallels between the conservation status of Australian coastal waters today and the onshore situation some 20 years ago. The offshore oil and gas exploration industry needs to take several measures if it is to avoid denial of access for exploration. These include clearly identifying the environmental effects of exploration as opposed to production, adopting industry- wide codes for environmental practice, and recording and disseminating the industry's environmental performance.

scholarly journals Effects of diesel oil spill on macrobenthic assemblages at the intertidal zone: A mesocosm experiment in situ

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 104823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengquan Zhou ◽  
Xiaojing Li ◽  
Linlin Chen ◽  
Baoquan Li ◽  
Chuanyuan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Intertidal Zone ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Mesocosm Experiment ◽  
Macrobenthic Assemblages

THE ILWACO, WASHINGTON, TIRE FIRE OIL SPILL

1997 ◽  
Vol 1997 (1) ◽  
pp. 789-793
Author(s):  
Eric F. Heinitz ◽  
Melany Lee
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Coastal Wetland ◽  
The State ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
Tire Chips ◽  
Rubber Tire ◽  
Cooling Methods

ABSTRACT The Ilwaco tire fire oil spill occurred when oil generated by the pyrolysis of rubber tire chips began seeping from a hillside into an adjacent coastal wetland. The tire chips were used as road fill material to repair a section of State Route 100 damaged by a landslide. This paper discusses not only the complexities of the response to the oil spill, but also the elaborate cofferdam system and containment berm constructed to control and contain the continual flow of oil from the site until mitigation measures could be taken to eliminate the source. Because exposure to oxygen could potentially increase the risk of a tire fire, several in-situ cooling methods were evaluated. The unique properties of this oil, the environmental effects and restoration concerns, the excavation methods, and disposal problems are all discussed. This is one of two sites in the state of Washington where a road fill, constructed of shredded tire chips, has begun burning. A comparison between these two sites, along with some assumptions as to the causes and possible preventative measures, will be briefly discussed.

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