oil particles
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Author(s):  
Hanqi Xu ◽  
Jinbo Wu ◽  
Yaying Hong ◽  
Weijia Wen

Abstract We demonstrate the impact of diester structure, in particular the alkyl chain length and branching structure, on the giant electrorheological (GER) effect and suspension stability. The existence of oil-particles interaction is of critical importance to induce the GER effect. To quantify GER performance and colloidal stability, we examine the yield stress, current density, field-off viscosity and sedimentation ratio with respect to the variation of chain length and branching structure. The oil-particles interaction is quantitatively analyzed by investigating the cluster size of particles in different diesters by a multiple light scattering analyzer, along with the wettability of different chain lengths of diesters and solid particles by the Washburn method. Our results indicate that long chain lengths favor the formation of particle agglomerates, thereby enhancing the GER effect (such as high yield stress). The attachment of branches on diester causes the formation of electronic correlation between branches and main chain, depending on the position of branches located, and hence results in superior GER performance and favorable suspension stability. An optimal GER fluid constituted by bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate is acquired with the achieved yield stress of 113 kPa at electric field strength of 4 kV/ mm and the prominent integrated GER properties.


2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Umer Farooq ◽  
Carla Di Mattia ◽  
Marco Faieta ◽  
Federica Flamminii ◽  
Paola Pittia

In this study, olive oil-in-water emulsions (30% oil, v/v) were prepared by using high-pressure homogenization and different concentrations of modified corn starch particles (6–10% w/v). After a preliminary physical characterization, the modified starch particles were used to produce olive oil-in water (o/w) emulsions whose droplet size and distribution, flow behavior, microstructure, and physical stability were evaluated. The stabilization by Pickering phenomena was observed, as well as the formation of a starch network able to entrap oil particles. Increasing the starch concentration enhanced the emulsion physical stability by improving the oil particles’ stabilization within the starch network.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Premkumar Thodi ◽  
Vandad Talimi ◽  
Robert Burton ◽  
Majid Abdi ◽  
Jonathon Bruce ◽  
...  

Abstract Mechanical recovery techniques are used to clean up oil spills in marine environments; however, their efficiency is challenged when dealing with heavy oil, ice covered water and high sea states. Current mechanical recovery techniques are based on removing oil from the water surface, however, a significant amount of oil could remain in the water column below the surface due to turbulent ocean conditions, the density of heavy oil and oil escaping underneath the booms when the sweeping speed increases. To enhance the oil recovery effectiveness, oil particles in the water column need to be guided to the surface to be recovered by the skimmers. This paper focusses on the development of a test protocol and physical testing in C-CORE’s lab of a bubbler system for enhancing the harsh environment oil spill recovery. Air bubbles produce an upward flow in the water body, which guides the submerged particles to the surface. The air bubbles also attach to the oil particles, leading to an increase in the buoyancy and rate at which oil droplets rise to the surface. By adopting this technique for oil recovery, additional oil particles can be brought to the surface. In the study, the bubbler system was tested in both stationary and advancing conditions with medium and heavy oils. The results of the stationary and advancing tests indicate that the oil recovery ratios can be significantly enhanced by using an optimized bubbler system. Different types and configurations of bubblers were tested by varying the airflow rates and bubbler advancing speeds to determine the optimal solution. The optimal bubbler system has been observed to enhance the recovery ratio from 41.5% to 84.8% with airflow rates ranging from 0.05 to 0.20 CFM/foot. Furthermore, the effective integration of the bubbler system with a mechanical recovery system, its deployment and retrieval in a near field condition were demonstrated during tests in an outdoor tank.


Author(s):  
Bambang Hendriya Guswanto ◽  
Kiran Nirmala Achfasarty ◽  
Ari Wardayani

This study aims to model the distribution pattern of oil spills in high seas with the influence of wind movements. The mathematical model is derived from the random walk process of the oil spill particles by using a probability measure on a unit circle with the help of Laplace and Fourier transform . The solution to the model is also obtained by using Laplace and the Fourier transform. Based on the analysis of the solution of the model, the oil spill tends to spread in the direction of wind movement.. The speed and direction of the wind movement affect the speed and direction of the spread of the oil spill particles. The larger the speed of wind movement, the faster the oil particles movement.


2021 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
D. D. Fazullin ◽  
◽  
G. V. Mavrin ◽  
L. I. Fazullina ◽  
◽  
...  

In this paper, we studied the parameters of the process of separation of oil emulsion using a dynamic membrane of ultrafiltration PTFEg-PSd. A polymer membrane with a dynamic layer of polystyrene particles with sizes from 55 to 72 nm was obtained on a substrate of hydrophilic polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The results of scanning electron microscopy showed the formation of a layer of spherical polystyrene particles on the membrane surface. The properties of a dynamic membrane were studied: porosity, moisture capacity, and wettability. After applying the polystyrene layer, an increase in the hydrophobicity of the surface layer of the membrane was established. For membrane separation, a 1% oil emulsion was prepared by dispersing the carbonaceous oil. The retention capacity of membranes for oil products from 1% oil emulsion was 96.4%, with a specific productivity of 113 dm3/m2·h which is not inferior to the performance of a commercial UPM-100 ultrafiltration membrane. Particle sizes of the dispersed phase in a 1% oil emulsion are distributed in the range from 229 to 1476 nm, after separation of the emulsion by a dynamic membrane, oil particles with sizes from 134 to 236 nm were detected in the filtrate, which indicates the removal of the bulk of the dispersed phase from the emulsion by ultrafiltration membranes.


2021 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 01035
Author(s):  
Junyan Dong ◽  
Zhibo Tang ◽  
Hao Zeng ◽  
Zhihu Mei ◽  
Ruishan Hang ◽  
...  

In this paper, the numerical hydrodynamic simulation has been carried out by using measured topographic data and related tidal information. The oil particle tracking module of MIKE21 is adopted to study the processes of drifting and turbulent diffusion of oil particles on the water surface, where four working conditions, namely, static wind, dominant wind direction, maximum wind direction and most unfavourable wind direction, are applied. Results show that Xiushan Island will be the apparent ‘victim’ in the cases of oil spill in all wind directions. Meanwhile, due to the existence of Changbai Island and Xiushan Island, the diffusion process of oil particles is obviously retarded to impact the protected marine areas.


2021 ◽  
Vol 333 ◽  
pp. 11009
Author(s):  
Kaiki Amagu ◽  
Riho Okajima ◽  
Moe Shimizu ◽  
Makoto Nishimoto ◽  
Kazuhito Nagayama ◽  
...  

The “gas–liquid two-phases mixed flow” mechanism that fine bubble generation uses rapidly swirling water, which shear gas and making small bubbles in water. Based on this mechanism, sending liquid such as oil into the swirling water instead of gas and it able to be emulsified. At present, evaluation methods for emulsions are using particle size distribution and dispersion stability. However, the emulsion with bad separation behavior has a problem to catch only some dispersed oil particles and use them as a whole evaluation. In this study we examined emulsion evaluated by chemical oxygen demand (COD) to express numerical evaluation including the oil particles that cannot be dispersed. Using three emulsions of only one oil, an anionic and a nonionic emulsifier were mixed and added to the oil, an anionic and another kind of the nonionic emulsifier were mixed and added to the oil. It was confirmed that COD decreased and type of only one oil was the most evaporate. These results lead to the conclusion that the performance of the emulsion could be expressed numerically, including the oil particles which could not be dispersed. We also directly analyzed evaporate components and compared them with COD results.


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