Durable resistance to rice blast disease-environmental influences

Euphytica ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 63 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 115-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Bonman
Keyword(s):  
Rice Blast ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Rice Blast Disease ◽  
Blast Disease

Investigating the biology of rice blast disease and prospects for durable resistance

2021 ◽  
pp. 643-680
Author(s):  
Vincent M. Were ◽  
◽  
Nicholas J. Talbot ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Biology ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Rice Blast Disease ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Major Resistance Genes ◽  
Effector Secretion

There are important biological process involved in rice blast disease that are now well-studied during the early events in plant infection which include: the cell biology of appressorium formation, the biology of invasive growth and effector secretion, the two distinct mechanisms of effector secretion, the nature of the plant-pathogen interface, PAMP-triggered immunity modulation by secreted effectors and effector-triggered immunity and blast resistance. The devastating losses caused by the blast fungus have been documented in most grasses, but this chapter discusses the use of major resistance genes to rice blast and wheat blast disease as an emerging threat to global food security. This chapter also highlights an emerging approach to breed for durable resistance to plant pathogens using gene editing technologies with an example: CRISPR-Cas9 mutagenesis of dominant S-genes for disease control.

scholarly journals Inheritance of Silicon Uptake Ability in Rice Blast Resistant Varieties

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
V. M. L. Jackson ◽  
P. Rubaihayo ◽  
P. Wasswa ◽  
A. T. Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Rice Blast ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Rice Blast Disease ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Genetic Determination ◽  
Genetic Traits ◽  
Silicon Uptake ◽  
High Silicon

Rice blast disease is the most destructive disease to rice plants and can cause a lost in a yield ranging from 50 to 100%. To develop resistant genotypes, it is necessary to determine the source of resistance, the nature of resistance and the mode of gene action that gives resistance to the disease. It is known that Silicon enhances durable resistance to rice blast disease. The rice silicon uptake inheritance can be studied through crossing the high silicon uptake with low silicon uptake genotypes. Seven genotypes were crossed in a full-dialel design, two genotypes having very high silicon uptake ability, two having moderate silicon ability, two having low silicon uptake ability and the last one was having very low silicon ability. The F1 plants were selfed and F2 plants were tested for silicon uptake ability. Then genetic traits of the segregating F2 populations and their parents were analyzed in order to determine the heritability. A high narrow sense coefficient of genetic determination suggested that there was a considerable heritability of resistance for rice blast. The analysis of gene action revealed that additive gene effects contributed more than the non-additive effects for the inheritance of silicon uptake ability as indicated by high Baker’s ratio (above 0.8 and 0.3) for both silicon uptake and water lose respectively. Genotypes, GIZA182 and E20 were found to have the most desirable GCA among the genotypes used in the study.

scholarly journals Identificação de progênies de arroz resistentes à brusone no Estado de São Paulo, em 1976/77

Bragantia ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 311-329
Author(s):  
Jaciro Soave ◽  
Luiz Ernesto Azzini ◽  
Octávio Bento de Almeida Camargo ◽  
Armando Pettinelli Júnior ◽  
Mauro Sakai
Keyword(s):  
Rice Blast ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Pyricularia Oryzae ◽  
Rice Blast Disease ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
São Paulo

Este trabalho apresenta os resultados das pesquisas realizadas para a avaliação da resistência à brusone (Pyricularia oryzae Cav.) dos principais materiais de sequeiro e irrigado do programa de melhoramento genético do Instituto Agronômico do Estado de São Paulo, e de genótipos exóticos, introduzidos de diversos países, visando à obtenção de cultivares de arroz resistentes àquela limitante doença fúngica. Os testes foram realizados em condições de campo, em canteiros padronizados para reação uniforme a P. oryzae, e a avaliação das plantas foi feita através da observação dos sintomas visuais deixados pela doença, aos quais foram atribuídas notas de 1 a 7, conforme a escala de notas adotadas no "Symposium on the rice blast disease", em 1963. Sessenta e três germoplasmas de arroz de sequeiro e trinta de cultivo irrigado foram testados quanto à resistência à brusone na folha, nas seguintes localidades paulistas: Itararé, Mococa, Pariquera-Açu, Pindamonhangaba, Pindorama e Ribeirão Preto. Foram ainda avaliados 102 genótipos exóticos de arroz visando à detecção de fontes de resistência à brusone nas mesmas localidades, além de Campinas. Somente cinco cultivares de sequeiro, GS-73-164, GS-73-165, GS-73-94, IAC-25 e GS-73-17, e dois cultivares de arroz irrigado, IAC-120 e Pinda F-3-7, embora suscetíveis, apresentaram comportamento satisfatório quanto à brusone. Dos genótipos exóticos testados, vinte e sete foram indicados como fontes de resistência à brusone no Estado de São Paulo.

scholarly journals Remote Sensing of Occurrence Place of Rice Blast Disease by Infrared Thermal Image.

1995 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruhiko YAMAMOTO ◽  
Yoshinori SUZUKI ◽  
Masanori IWANO ◽  
Seiji HAYAKAWA
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Thermal Image ◽  
Rice Blast Disease ◽  
Blast Disease

scholarly journals Role of two metacaspases in development and pathogenicity of the Rice Blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessie Fernandez ◽  
Victor Lopez ◽  
Lisa Kinch ◽  
Mariel A. Pfeifer ◽  
Hillery Gray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Rice Blast Disease ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Complex Life Cycle ◽  
Insight Into

ABSTRACTRice blast disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae is a devastating disease of cultivated rice worldwide. Infections by this fungus lead to a significant reduction in rice yields and threats to food security. To gain better insight into growth and cell death in M. oryzae during infection, we characterized two predicted M. oryzae metacaspase proteins, MoMca1 and MoMca2. These proteins appear to be functionally redundant and are able to complement the yeast Yca1 homologue. Biochemical analysis revealed that M. oryzae metacaspases exhibited Ca2+ dependent caspase activity in vitro. Deletion of both MoMca1 and MoMca2 in M. oryzae resulted in reduced sporulation, delay in conidial germination and attenuation of disease severity. In addition, the double ΔMomca1mca2 mutant strain showed increased radial growth in the presence of oxidative stress. Interestingly, the ΔMomca1mca2 strain showed an increase accumulation of insoluble aggregates compared to the wild-type strain during vegetative growth. Our findings suggest that MoMca1 and MoMca2 promote the clearance of insoluble aggregates in M. oryzae, demonstrating the important role these metacaspases have in fungal protein homeostasis. Furthermore, these metacaspase proteins may play additional roles, like in regulating stress responses, that would help maintain the fitness of fungal cells required for host infection.IMPORTANCEMagnaporthe oryzae causes rice blast disease that threatens global food security by resulting in the severe loss of rice production every year. A tightly regulated life cycle allows M. oryzae to disarm the host plant immune system during its biotrophic stage before triggering plant cell death in its necrotrophic stage. The ways M. oryzae navigates its complex life cycle remains unclear. This work characterizes two metacaspase proteins with peptidase activity in M. oryzae that are shown to be involved in the regulation of fungal growth and development prior to infection by potentially helping maintain fungal fitness. This study provides new insight into the role of metacaspase proteins in filamentous fungi by illustrating the delays in M. oryzae morphogenesis in the absence of these proteins. Understanding the mechanisms by which M. oryzae morphology and development promote its devastating pathogenicity may lead to the emergence of proper methods for disease control.

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