Localization of CRF immunoreactivity in the central nervous system of three vertebrate and one insect species

1984 ◽  
Vol 238 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Verhaert ◽  
S. Marivoet ◽  
F. Vandesande ◽  
A. De Loof
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Revisiting the anatomy of the central nervous system of a hemimetabolous model insect species: the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum

2010 ◽  
Vol 343 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Kollmann ◽  
Sebastian Minoli ◽  
Joël Bonhomme ◽  
Uwe Homberg ◽  
Joachim Schachtner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Pea Aphid ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Intercellular junctions in the central nervous system of insects

1977 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-199
Author(s):  
N.J. Lane ◽  
H.L. Skaer ◽  
L.S. Swales
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Gap Junctions ◽  
Tight Junctions ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Intercellular Junctions ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The intercellular junctional complexes in the central nervous system (CNS) from a variety of insect species have been examined by thin-sectioning and freeze-fracturing techniques. Of particular concern has been the fine-structural basis of the blood-brain barrier observed to be present in the outer perineurial layer around the avascular insect CNS. The basis of this has been found in the form of tight junctions (zonulae occludentes) present both in sections and in replicas of the perineurium. In the latter, they appear as one or two simple linear ridges, lying parallel to the outer surface, which occasionally display overlapping. The complex geometry of the interdigitating perineurial cells apparently permits such a relatively simple series of ridges to function as a barrier, since tracers are found not to penetrate beyond this level into the underlying nervous tissue. Such evidence is supported by microprobe X-ray analysis of lanthanum-incubated tissues, the perineurium compared with the glia-ensheathed axons showing the presence and absence of lanthanum, respectively. Possible physiological mechanisms that could operate ‘in vitro’ to maintain the blood-brain barrier are also considered. Other intercellular junctions such as desmosomes, septate junctions and gap junctions are found in the perineurial layer too, the last exhibiting EF particle plaques and PF pits. Glia-glia junctions also occur in some insect species; they include desmosomes, inverted gap junctions and occasional tight junctions. Septate, gap and tight junctions are also found on the membranes of tracheoles penetrating the CNS. Short, ridge-like elaborations and other particle arrays are found on the PF on the axon surfaces and the significance of these structures is discussed.

Localization of melanotropin-like peptides in the central nervous system of two insect species, the migratory locust,Locusta migratoria, and the fleshfly,Sarcophaga bullata

1987 ◽  
Vol 248 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliane Schoofs ◽  
Sylvie Jégou ◽  
Hubert Vaudry ◽  
Peter Verhaert ◽  
Arnold De Loof
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Locusta Migratoria ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Migratory Locust ◽  
Sarcophaga Bullata ◽  
The Central Nervous System

scholarly journals Pervasive effects of Wolbachia on host activity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T.J. Hague ◽  
H. Arthur Woods ◽  
Brandon S. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Host Behavior ◽  
Fitness Consequences ◽  
Host Sex ◽  
Somatic Tissues ◽  
The Central Nervous System

ABSTRACTHeritable symbionts have diverse effects on the physiology, reproduction, and fitness of their hosts. Maternally transmitted Wolbachia are one of the most common endosymbionts in nature, infecting about half of all insect species. We test the hypothesis that Wolbachia alter host behavior by assessing the effects of 14 different Wolbachia strains on the locomotor activity of nine Drosophila host species. We find that Wolbachia alter the activity of six different host genotypes, including all hosts in our assay infected with wRi-like Wolbachia strains (wRi, wSuz, wAur), which have rapidly spread among Drosophila species in only the last 13,000 years. While Wolbachia effects on host activity were common, the direction of these effects varied unpredictability and sometimes depended on host sex. We hypothesize that the prominent effects of wRi-like Wolbachia may be explained by patterns of Wolbachia titer and localization within host somatic tissues, particularly in the central nervous system. Our findings support the view that Wolbachia have wide-ranging effects on host behavior. The fitness consequences of these behavioral modifications are important for understanding the evolution of host-symbiont interactions, including how Wolbachia spread within host populations.

Effects of Hyperoxia on Lung Utrastructure

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
Gladys Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Oxygen Effects ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Space Age ◽  
Alveolar Septa ◽  
Extensive Damage

With the advent of the space age and the need to determine the requirements for a space cabin atmosphere, oxygen effects came into increased importance, even though these effects have been the subject of continuous research for many years. In fact, Priestly initiated oxygen research when in 1775 he published his results of isolating oxygen and described the effects of breathing it on himself and two mice, the only creatures to have had the “privilege” of breathing this “pure air”.Early studies had demonstrated the central nervous system effects at pressures above one atmosphere. Light microscopy revealed extensive damage to the lungs at one atmosphere. These changes which included perivascular and peribronchial edema, focal hemorrhage, rupture of the alveolar septa, and widespread edema, resulted in death of the animal in less than one week. The severity of the symptoms differed between species and was age dependent, with young animals being more resistant.

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