This article represents the results of studying the morphological features of the submandibular gland in 40 male rats during experimental streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus at the end of 2 and 4 weeks. Destructive changes of parenchymal and stromal elements in the submaxillary salivary glands of white rats and the vessels of the microvasculature were determined beginning from 2 weeks with the increase to 4 weeks of experimental diabetes mellitus. There is a statistically reliable decrease in the diameter of the organ artery, an increase in the index of the trophic activity of the submandibular gland tissue, and decrease in the packing density index of the capillaries. Reliable decrease of the diameter of the interlobular arterioles, the diameter of the intralobular (front capillary) arterioles and capillaries is observed. These changes are confirmed by morphometric parameters: a statistically evidenced narrowing of the diameter of the organ artery was observed to (62.50±3.30) μm, an increase, in comparison with the norm and control, to the index of the trophic activity of the submandibular gland to (58.27±0.71) μm, and decrease in the packing density of the capillaries to (72.00±6.33) μm. A reliable narrowed diameter of the interlobular arterioles to (31.60±1.61) μm, the diameter of the intralobular (per-capillary) arterioles to (18.04±0.28) μm and capillaries to (5.14±0.09) μm was observed. A little dilatation of post-capillary venules to (23.52±0.43) μm was observed. After 4 weeks of the experiment, the rate of disrupt of the angiographic relief of the submandibular gland arise, and the arteries and arterioles remain narrowed. In some places, the formation of shaped elements beyond the border of capillaries is present. Compared with the previous stage of the research, a mild dilatation of the diameter of the organ artery up to (70.06±2.43) μm, dilatation of the diameter of the interlobular arterioles to (36.06±1.01) μm and the diameter of the intralobular (front capillary) arterioles up to (18 26±0.64 μm, the dilatation of the diameter of the capillaries to (5.71±0.13) μm, the control (5.91±0.19) μm and the dilatation, compared with the norm and control, post-capillar venules to (26, 35 ± 0.50) µm were determined. The index of the trophic activity of the gland tissue decreases as compared with the indication for 2 weeks during the experiment to (58.27±0.71) μm and the capillary packing density gradually decreases to (65.8±1.84) μm. Thus, under conditions of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus, the first structural changes in the bloodstream occur after 2 weeks are observed: a statistically significant decrease in the diameter of the organ artery, an increase trophic activity of the submandibular gland tissue and decrease in the capillary packing density in comparison with the norm. A reliable decrease in the diameter of the interlobular arterioles, the diameter of the intralobular (front capillary) arterioles and capillaries is observed. At the same time, a mild dilatation of post-capillary venules occurs. Interlobular arterioles become anfractuous, have an uneven color. After 4 weeks of the experiment, the temp of disrupt of the angiographic relief of the submandibular gland arise, and the arteries and arterioles remain narrowed. In some places, the formation of shaped elements beyond the border of capillaries is observed.
Gender differences in the effects of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on parasympathetic vasodilatation in the rat submandibular gland
