Effects of two angiotensin II analogues on blood pressure, plasma aldosterone concentration, plasma renin activity and creatinine clearance in normal subjects on different sodium intakes

1980 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Hata ◽  
T. Ogihara ◽  
H. Mikami ◽  
M. Nakamaru ◽  
T. Mandai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone Concentration ◽  
Angiotensin Ii Analogues

scholarly journals Effects of Ramipril on the Aldosterone/Renin Ratio and the Aldosterone/Angiotensin II Ratio in Patients With Primary Aldosteronism

Hypertension ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 488-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeng Guo ◽  
Marko Poglitsch ◽  
Diane Cowley ◽  
Oliver Domenig ◽  
Brett C. McWhinney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Ace Inhibitors ◽  
Primary Aldosteronism ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone Concentration

The aldosterone/renin ratio (ARR) is currently considered the most reliable approach for case detection of primary aldosteronism (PA). ACE (Angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitors are known to raise renin and lower aldosterone levels, thereby causing false-negative ARR results. Because ACE inhibitors lower angiotensin II levels, we hypothesized that the aldosterone/equilibrium angiotensin II (eqAngII) ratio (AA2R) would remain elevated in PA. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis involving 60 patients with PA and 40 patients without PA revealed that the AA2R was not inferior to the ARR in screening for PA. When using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to measure plasma aldosterone concentration, the predicted optimal AA2R cutoff for PA screening was 8.3 (pmol/L)/(pmol/L). We then compared the diagnostic performance of the AA2R with the ARR among 25 patients with PA administered ramipril (5 mg/day) for 2 weeks. Compared with basally, plasma levels of equilibrium angiotensin I (eqAngI) and direct renin concentration increased significantly ( P <0.01 or P <0.05) after ramipril treatment, whereas eqAngII and ACE activity (eqAngII/eqAngI) decreased significantly ( P <0.01). The changes of plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentration in the current study were not significant. On day 14, 4 patients displayed false-negative results using ARR_direct renin concentration (plasma aldosterone concentration/direct renin concentration), 3 of whom also showed false-negative ARR_plasma renin activity (plasma aldosterone concentration/plasma renin activity). On day 15, 2 patients still demonstrated false-negative ARR_plasma renin activity, one of whom also showed a false-negative ARR_direct renin concentration. No false-negative AA2R results were observed on either day 14 or 15. In conclusion, compared with ARR which can be affected by ACE inhibitors causing false-negative screening results, the AA2R seems to be superior in detecting PA among subjects receiving ACE inhibitors.

Dissociation of Renin-Aldosterone and Renal Prostaglandin E during Volume Expansion Induced by Immersion in Normal Man

1980 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Epstein ◽  
M. D. Lifschitz ◽  
R. Re ◽  
E. Haber
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Volume Expansion ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone Concentration ◽  
Normal Man

1. The relationship of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis with renal prostaglandin E is complex. Although studies have suggested that these two hormonal systems respond to experimental manipulations in a parallel manner, their interdependence has not been assessed fully during volume expansion. Since studies have demonstrated that in normal man the central hypervolaemia induced by water immersion to the neck produces a prompt and profound suppression of plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentration without concomitant alteration of plasma composition, immersion afforded a unique opportunity to assess simultaneously the effects of central hypervolaemia on plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone concentration and prostaglandin E excretion. 2. Seven normal subjects were studied twice while in balance on a diet containing 10 mmol of sodium/day, 100 mmol of potassium/day: with indomethacin administration (50 mg given every 6 h for five doses) and without indomethacin. Urinary prostaglandin E excretion was measured hourly and plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentration at 30 min intervals. 3. Immersion was associated with a marked suppression of plasma renin activity (59 ± 7%) and plasma aldosterone concentration (55 ± 3%) with a return to pre-study values during the recovery hour. Concomitantly, urinary prostaglandin E excretion increased from 4.7 to a peak of 10.9 ng/min. Although administration of indomethacin lowered the basal rate of urinary prostaglandin E excretion and plasma renin activity, it did not prevent the subsequent augmentation of urinary prostaglandin E or the suppression of plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone during the subsequent 4 h of immersion. 4. These results demonstrate a dissociation of renin-aldosterone and prostaglandin E during hypervolaemia and suggest that whereas prostaglandin E may constitute one of the major determinants of renin release clinically and experimentally, these two hormonal systems can be dissociated from each other in response to central volume expansion in man.

Renin and Aldosterone Release during Sympathetic Stimulation in Tetraplegia

1981 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Mathias ◽  
H. L. Frankel ◽  
I. B. Davies ◽  
V. H. T. James ◽  
W. S. Peart
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Pressor Response ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Sympathetic Stimulation

1. The effect of endogenous sympathetic stimulation (induced by urinary bladder stimulation) and intravenous infusion of noradrenaline and isoprenaline on blood pressure, heart rate and levels of plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone were studied in six tetraplegic patients. Data from infusion studies were compared with data from six normal subjects studied in an identical manner. 2. Bladder stimulation in the tetraplegic patients caused a marked rise in blood pressure and fall in heart rate, but no change in plasma renin activity or plasma aldosterone. 3. Noradrenaline infusion resulted in an enhanced pressor response in the tetraplegic patients when compared with the normal subjects. Heart rate fell in both groups. Plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone did not change in either group. 4. Isoprenaline infusion caused a fall in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the tetraplegic patients, unlike the normal subjects in whom there was a rise in systolic and a fall in diastolic blood pressure. Heart rate and plasma renin activity rose in both groups. Plasma aldosterone did not change in either group. 5. We conclude that in tetraplegic patients neither endogenous sympathetic stimulation by bladder stimulation nor infusion of noradrenaline raises plasma renin activity. Isoprenaline increases plasma renin activity to the same extent as in normal subjects. Renin release mechanisms in tetraplegic patients therefore do not appear to be hypersensitive to catecholamines. Plasma aldosterone is not influenced by any of the stimuli.

Biological Activity of Angiotensin II-(4-8)-Pentapeptide in Man

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (s8) ◽  
pp. 195s-197s ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kono ◽  
F. Oseko ◽  
F. Ikeda ◽  
H. Imura ◽  
M. C. Khosla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Bartter's Syndrome ◽  
Pressure Plasma ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Normal Men

1. When the angiotensin II-(4-8)-pentapeptide was infused intravenously at rates of 0.31-5.55 nmol min−1 kg−1 for 10–120 min into five normal men or two patients with Bartter's syndrome, no significant change was observed in blood pressure, plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone, and the lowest dose did not inhibit the captopril-induced increase in plasma renin activity in the normal men. 2. An intravenous infusion of the pentapeptide at 9–0 nmol min−1 kg−1 for 15 min significantly raised blood pressure in the five normal men but not in patients with Bartter's syndrome. Blood pressure returned to the pre-treatment level 60 min after the cessation of the infusion in the normal men. 3. At the same dose level none of the seven subjects examined showed any significant change in plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone. 4. Angiotensin II-(5-8)-tetrapeptide was infused intravenously into one of the normal men at a rate of 41.5 nmol min−1 kg−1 for 15 min, but it caused no significant change in blood pressure, plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone. 5. These results suggest that the pentapeptide and probably the tetrapeptide do not possess renin-suppressing and steroidogenic actions in man but that the former peptide does elicit a modest pressor action with a prolonged duration.

Response of Arterial Blood Pressure, Plasma Renin Activity and Plasma Aldosterone Concentration to Long-Term Administration of Captopril in Patients with Severe, Treatment-Resistant Malignant Hypertension

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (s5) ◽  
pp. 371s-373s ◽  
Author(s):  
Connie S. McCaa ◽  
H.G. Langford ◽  
W. C. Cushman ◽  
R. E. McCaa
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Antihypertensive Therapy ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone Concentration ◽  
Arterial Blood

1. The response of arterial blood pressure, plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentration to inhibition of angiotensin I converting enzyme (kininase II) with captopril has been studied in patients with severe, treatment-resistant, malignant hypertension. 2. Nine patients with a past history of severe hypertension, supine diastolic blood pressure &gt; 120 mmHg before conventional antihypertensive therapy and resistant to conventional antihypertensive therapy were studied. 3. Captopril administration resulted in a marked decrease in arterial blood pressure and plasma aldosterone concentration and an increase in plasma renin activity. 4. Although arterial blood pressure remained significantly below the values observed during the control period, pressure did tend to increase again after 3 days. Addition of hydrochlorothiazide kept arterial pressure significantly below pretreatment control values.

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