Die Komposition der Bürzelwachse von Kaiser-(Aptenodytes forsteri) und Adeliepinguin(Pygoscelis adeliae) und deren systematische Stellung

On innumerable occasions, Adélie (Pygoscelis adeliae) and emperor penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri) have been observed in close proximity to killer whales (Orcinus orca), with no whale-penguin interactions reported. On the other hand, killer whales reportedly harass and eat seabirds on occasion (Walker 1968: p. 1122, Stacey et al. 1990, Williams et al. 1990). Killer whales are known to prey on young king penguins (A. patagonica) as they are fledging (Guinet 1992, Guinet & Bouvier 1995) and occasionally take emperor penguins (Mikhalev et al. 1981). Thomas et al. (1981) report killer whales chasing Adélies. Here we report the only observations of Adélie-killer whale interactions observed in nine field seasons on Ross Island.

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Macroplastic in Seabirds at Mirny, Antarctica

Birds ◽

10.3390/birds1010003 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 13-18

Author(s):

Sergey Golubev

Keyword(s):

Marine Debris ◽

Emperor Penguin ◽

Biological Interactions ◽

Pygoscelis Adeliae ◽

Plastic Debris ◽

The World ◽

Aptenodytes Forsteri ◽

Catharacta Maccormicki ◽

Marine Wildlife ◽

South Polar

Plastic debris makes up the majority of marine debris around the world, and pollution is a serious threat to marine wildlife. Threats represent two types of biological interactions with plastic: entanglement and ingestion. This paper describes interactions of seabirds with plastic in Mirny and draw the attention of researchers to the existing problem. In 2012/2013 and 2015/2016, year-round observations of the author were carried out at Mirny station and Haswell Islands (area of about 12 km2), east Antarctica. One case of entanglement of a molting adult Adélie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) in a fishing line was been identified; in addition to one case of an adult emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) mistakenly ingesting plastic braided rope and subsequently feeding it as part of a food lump to the chick, and two cases of macroplastics found in pellets of south polar skuas (Catharacta maccormicki). Registrations of entanglement and ingestion of macroplastic by seabirds in Mirny are rare. They signal to us about problem that needs to be included in the monitoring for the health of terrestrial biota of the Haswell archipelago.

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Heart and ventricle weights of Antarctic penguins

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z89-367 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 67 (10) ◽

pp. 2602-2604 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Charles M. Drabek

Keyword(s):

Body Size ◽

Left Ventricle ◽

Right Ventricle ◽

Emperor Penguin ◽

Morphological Parameters ◽

Pygoscelis Adeliae ◽

Pygoscelis Antarctica ◽

Aptenodytes Forsteri ◽

The Right ◽

Adélie Penguins

The hearts of Emperor (Aptenodytes forsteri), Chinstrap (Pygoscelis antarctica), and Adelie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) were weighed and measured to elucidate morphological parameters that might be functional for diving. These heart parameters are the first to be described for penguins. Heart weights of both the Chinstrap (42.4 g) and Adelie penguins (37.5 g) were greater than predicted for birds of their body size. The weight of the right ventricle in proportion to both the heart and the left ventricle was significantly greater in the Emperor Penguin than in the Chinstrap and Adelie penguins.

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The endocrine control of reproduction and molt in male and female emperor (Aptenodytes forsteri) and adelie (Pygoscelis adeliae) penguins

General and Comparative Endocrinology ◽

10.1016/0016-6480(86)90164-4 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 63 (2) ◽

pp. 264-274 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

René Groscolas ◽

Jacques Leloup

Keyword(s):

Pygoscelis Adeliae ◽

Endocrine Control ◽

Male And Female ◽

Aptenodytes Forsteri

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Spatial and temporal diet variability of Adélie (Pygoscelis adeliae) and Emperor (Aptenodytes forsteri) Penguin: a multi tissue stable isotope analysis

Polar Biology ◽

10.1007/s00300-021-02925-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Vahideh Jafari ◽

Deborah Maccapan ◽

Giulio Careddu ◽

Simona Sporta Caputi ◽

Edoardo Calizza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stable Isotope ◽

Stable Isotope Analysis ◽

Ross Sea ◽

Isotope Analysis ◽

Trophic Levels ◽

Emperor Penguin ◽

Adélie Penguin ◽

Pygoscelis Adeliae ◽

Adelie Penguin ◽

Aptenodytes Forsteri

AbstractThe Ross Sea, Antarctica, supports large populations of Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) and Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae), two key meso-predators that occupy high trophic levels. Despite these species are largely studied, little is known about their diet outside the breeding period. In the present study, we investigated the intra-annual diet of Adélie and Emperor Penguins belonging to five colonies in the Ross Sea through the stable isotope analysis of different tissues (feathers and shell membranes), synthetized in different seasons, and guano that indicates recent diet. Penguin samples and prey (krill and fish) were collected during the Antarctic spring–summer. δ13C and δ15N of tissues and guano indicate spatio-temporal variation in the penguin diet. The krill consumption by Adélie Penguins was lowest in winter except in the northernmost colony, where it was always very high. It peaked in spring and remained prevalent in summer. The greatest krill contribution to Emperor Penguin’s diet occurred in summer. The relative krill and fish consumption by both species changed in relation to the prey availability, which is influenced by seasonal sea ice dynamics, and according to the penguin life cycle phases. The results highlight a strong trophic plasticity in the Adélie Penguin, whose dietary variability has been already recognized, and in the Emperor Penguin, which had not previously reported. Our findings can help understand how these species might react to resource variation due to climate change or anthropogenic overexploitation. Furthermore, data provides useful basis for future comparisons in the Ross Sea MPA and for planning conservation actions.

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Short Underwater Opening of the Beak Following Immersion in Seven Penguin Species

The Condor ◽

10.1093/condor/104.2.444 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 104 (2) ◽

pp. 444-448

Author(s):

Yan Ropert-Coudert ◽

Akiko Kato ◽

Rory P. Wilson ◽

Masanori Kurita

Keyword(s):

Potential Prey ◽

Pygoscelis Adeliae ◽

Aptenodytes Forsteri ◽

Eudyptes Chrysolophus ◽

Beak Opening ◽

Penguin Species

Abstract Videocamera recordings of seven species of penguin, Emperor (Aptenodytes forsteri), Humboldt (Spheniscus humboldti), Adélie (Pygoscelis adeliae), Chinstrap (P. antarctica), Gentoo (P. papua), Macaroni (Eudyptes chrysolophus) and Rockhopper (E. chrysocome), swimming in large aquaria revealed that birds opened their beak underwater for less than a second immediately after initiating a dive. Overall, this beak-opening occurred in 64% of the immersions but, in all species, was associated with quick transitions between air and water, such as in porpoising or dives that were initiated rapidly. Two hypotheses are proposed to explain this behavior: beak-opening may be a signal that initiates bradycardia, such as is observed in unrestrained diving animals, or beak-opening may be associated with chemoreception to help detect potential prey or predators. Breve Apertura del Pico en Pingüinos luego de Sumergirse Resumen. En acuarios registramos con cámara de video a siete especies de pingüinos, Aptenodytes forsteri, Spheniscus humboldti, Pygoscelis adeliae, P. antarctica, P. papua, Eudyptes chrysolophus y E. chrysocome. Los registros indicaron que las aves abren el pico bajo el agua por menos de un segundo inmediatamente después de sumergirse al iniciar el buceo. En total, esta apertura del pico se registró en el 64% de las inmersiones y en todas las especies ocurrió preferentemente en situaciones de transición rápida entre aire y agua, como en “porpoising” o en buceos que se iniciaron abruptamente. Se proponen dos hipótesis para explicar esta conducta: la apertura del pico puede servir como una señal para iniciar la bradicardia, como se observa en animales buceando voluntariamente, o bien la apertura del pico podría estar asociada a quimiorecepción para detectar potenciales presas o depredadores.

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