marine debris
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2022 ◽  
Vol 269 ◽  
pp. 112842
Author(s):  
Chuanmin Hu ◽  
Lin Qi ◽  
Yuyuan Xie ◽  
Shuai Zhang ◽  
Brian B. Barnes

2022 ◽  
Vol 807 ◽  
pp. 150742
Author(s):  
Jordan Gacutan ◽  
Emma L. Johnston ◽  
Heidi Tait ◽  
Wally Smith ◽  
Graeme F. Clark

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís M. Nunes

Here we compare bioaccumulation factors in marine organisms to partition ratios in marine debris for dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and polychlorinated biphenyls. Both organochlorines are synthetic persistent organic pollutants emitted into the environment since the beginning of the last century in approximately equal amounts. Their vast use and dispersion have resulted in approximately similar median concentrations of the two organochlorines in some pelagic organisms, namely in the liver and muscle tissue of fish. Molluscs, on the other hand, show higher median uptake of PCBs (median = 2.34 ng/g) than of DDTs (median = 1.70 ng/g), probably reflecting more localized conditions. We found that the bioaccumulation factors can be several orders of magnitude higher than the partition ratios. For instance, the median concentrations of organochlorines in the different matrices of fish, birds, and mammals are between one to four orders of magnitude higher than those found in marine debris, when lipid-normalized; or up to two orders of magnitude when measured as wet-weight. But, in molluscs, bioaccumulation/partition equals unity, which agrees with previous studies using passive samplers. Future research should focus on reducing sources of uncertainty by 1) homogenization of chemical procedures; 2) better assessment of chemical partition equilibrium between water and polymers in environmental conditions; 3) use of (multi)polymer passive samplers better aimed at mimicking uptake of specific living tissues.


2022 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mélissa Manglou ◽  
Laurence Rocher ◽  
Jean-Baptiste Bahers

Islands are tightly connected to globalized material flows, with specific constraints and vulnerabilities. They are not closed metabolic loops of consumption, production, and waste, favorable to the circular economy. Small islands allow the observation of the material outcomes of circulation, from overflowing dumpsites to marine debris washing up on the shore. We argue that islands are key territories for better understanding the Capitalocene, precisely because of the ways in which they are connected to (rather than isolated from) globalized material flows. This article is a comparative geographical analysis of waste realities in three French/formerly French island territories: Ndzuwani (Comoros), Réunion, and New Caledonia. It builds on metabolism analysis and waste studies—in particular waste colonialism—to address the different perspectives that these approaches open up for the study of island territories. The long-term sociohistorical context of each island helps to explain contemporary waste management policies and practices. A material flow analysis makes it possible to sketch out metabolic profiles that show the contribution of prevailing mining and agricultural industries to waste generation. The comparison of current situations regarding household waste discourses and economies shows how these territories are characterized by waste accumulation.


PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0262247
Author(s):  
Katerina Kikaki ◽  
Ioannis Kakogeorgiou ◽  
Paraskevi Mikeli ◽  
Dionysios E. Raitsos ◽  
Konstantinos Karantzalos

Currently, a significant amount of research is focused on detecting Marine Debris and assessing its spectral behaviour via remote sensing, ultimately aiming at new operational monitoring solutions. Here, we introduce a Marine Debris Archive (MARIDA), as a benchmark dataset for developing and evaluating Machine Learning (ML) algorithms capable of detecting Marine Debris. MARIDA is the first dataset based on the multispectral Sentinel-2 (S2) satellite data, which distinguishes Marine Debris from various marine features that co-exist, including Sargassum macroalgae, Ships, Natural Organic Material, Waves, Wakes, Foam, dissimilar water types (i.e., Clear, Turbid Water, Sediment-Laden Water, Shallow Water), and Clouds. We provide annotations (georeferenced polygons/ pixels) from verified plastic debris events in several geographical regions globally, during different seasons, years and sea state conditions. A detailed spectral and statistical analysis of the MARIDA dataset is presented along with well-established ML baselines for weakly supervised semantic segmentation and multi-label classification tasks. MARIDA is an open-access dataset which enables the research community to explore the spectral behaviour of certain floating materials, sea state features and water types, to develop and evaluate Marine Debris detection solutions based on artificial intelligence and deep learning architectures, as well as satellite pre-processing pipelines.


2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 569
Author(s):  
Yuliya Kulikova ◽  
Stanislav Sukhikh ◽  
Svetlana Ivanova ◽  
Olga Babich ◽  
Natalia Sliusar

At the moment, macroalgae blooms in sea waters, the rotting of which causes greenhouse gas emissions and contributes to the formation of a negative ecological and economic situation in coastal zones, which has become a serious problem. Fuel production through hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of macroalgae and marine debris is a promising solution to this ecological problem. The article provides an overview of studies on producing fuel from macroalgae and an assessment of the possibility of their joint recovery with marine debris. The optimal process conditions and their technological efficiency were evaluated. The article shows the feasibility of using heterogeneous catalysis and co-solvent to increase the yield of bio-oil and improve its quality. An assessment of the possibility of joint processing of waste macroalgae and marine debris showed the inexpediency of this direction. The high degree of drift macroalgae contamination also raises the question of the appropriateness of the preliminary extraction of other valuable components for nutrition use, such as fats, proteins, carbohydrates, and their derivatives.


2022 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 113294
Author(s):  
Emma L. Westlake ◽  
Emma Lawrence ◽  
Natalie Travaglione ◽  
Peter Barnes ◽  
Damian P. Thomson

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Mirna Apriani ◽  
Luqman Cahyono ◽  
Agung Utomo ◽  
Anggara Nugraha ◽  
Alfira Cahya Ningrum

2022 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-85
Author(s):  
Anum Aleem ◽  
Samabia Tehsin ◽  
Sumaira Kausar ◽  
Amina Jameel

2022 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 113281
Author(s):  
Félix Ayala ◽  
Karen Castillo-Morales ◽  
Susana Cárdenas-Alayza
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