Health education and public policy in the United Kingdom

The Supreme Court in the United Kingdom has held that it is not contrary to public policy to award damages in tort to fund a commercial surrogacy in another jurisdiction where this is lawful. This significant decision, in the case of Whittington Hospital NHS Trust v XX [2020] UKSC 14, will potentially have an impact on the regulation and reform of surrogacy law in the United Kingdom, Ireland and internationally. The judgment delivered by Lady Hale draws attention to multiple inconsistencies in the law, and it highlights, in particular, the need for effective regulation of domestic surrogacy. Legislators face an important and imminent challenge to reconcile the reality of commercial surrogacy with a deficient legal framework. This article seeks to highlight some of the important issues which this case has raised when considering regulation and reform of surrogacy law.

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Are “Stranger Donors” Irrational?

10.7591/cornell/9781501755439.003.0007 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 55-60

Author(s):

Martha Gershun ◽

John D. Lantos

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Public Policy ◽

United Kingdom ◽

The United States ◽

Federal Legislation ◽

Organ Donors ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Transplant Registry ◽

Altruistic Donor ◽

Psychological Benefit

This chapter seeks to understand the motivations of people who offered to donate a kidney to a stranger. It explores the degree of emotional relationship that was essential to justify the claim that donation provided a psychological benefit to the donor. The chapter also mentions a law in the United Kingdom called the Unrelated Live Transplant Registry Authority which required organ donors to provide proof that they had a relationship with the recipient. In the United States, however, there is no federal legislation or public policy regulating stranger donors. The chapter then turns to discuss a study led by nephrologist Aaron Spital showing how attitudes within the transplant community gradually shifted from almost universal rejection of stranger donors to their gradual acceptance. It assesses the struggles that nephrologists went through in trying to determine whether such altruists were noble or irrational. Ultimately, the chapter offers a unique glimpse into the motivations of an altruistic donor and into the forms of skepticism that doctors and psychologists bring to evaluations of such donors.

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The Lex Fori

The Conflict of Laws ◽

10.1093/oso/9780198838500.003.0004 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 172-194

Author(s):

Adrian Briggs

Keyword(s):

Public Policy ◽

United Kingdom ◽

International Law ◽

Private International Law ◽

English Court ◽

Conflict Of Laws ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Foreign Law ◽

The Law

This chapter examines of the role of the lex fori in English private international law before proceeding to examine the rules of the conflict of laws applicable in an English court. Issues for which the rules of the conflict of laws select the lex fori as the law to be applied include grounds for the dissolution (as distinct from nullity) of marriage, even if the marriage has little or nothing to do with the United Kingdom; or settlement of the distribution of assets in an insolvency even though there may be significant overseas elements. Where the rules of the conflict of laws select a foreign law, its application, even though it is proved to the satisfaction of the court, may be disrupted or derailed by a provision of the lex fori instead. The remainder of the chapter covers procedural issues; penal, revenue, and public laws; and public policy.

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Melanoma in the South-East of Scotland: A Review

Scottish Medical Journal ◽

10.1177/003693308002500307 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 222-226 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. H. Stilwell ◽

V. Crucioli

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Health Education ◽

General Hospital ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Education Programme ◽

Potential Danger ◽

The Public ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Pigmented Lesion ◽

Health Education Programme

A review was carried out of 129 patients with extraocular melanoma of the skin who were treated at Bangour General Hospital during the period 1968 to 1978 in order to compare our findings with those of earlier studies in the United Kingdom. The clinical features of our series were very similar to those of earlier studies but the impression is that the incidence since the war has been rising. This was confirmed with a sub-group of our patients in which the incidence in West Lothian increased by 52 per cent from the first to the second five-year period; this was statistically significant. One disturbing fact was that only 25 per cent of patients presented for treatment in less than six months from the onset of symptoms, suggesting that the potential danger of a pigmented lesion is not appreciated by the public. A health education programme is long overdue.

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