Melanoma in the South-East of Scotland: A Review

1980 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Stilwell ◽  
V. Crucioli

A review was carried out of 129 patients with extraocular melanoma of the skin who were treated at Bangour General Hospital during the period 1968 to 1978 in order to compare our findings with those of earlier studies in the United Kingdom. The clinical features of our series were very similar to those of earlier studies but the impression is that the incidence since the war has been rising. This was confirmed with a sub-group of our patients in which the incidence in West Lothian increased by 52 per cent from the first to the second five-year period; this was statistically significant. One disturbing fact was that only 25 per cent of patients presented for treatment in less than six months from the onset of symptoms, suggesting that the potential danger of a pigmented lesion is not appreciated by the public. A health education programme is long overdue.

Author(s):  
Bernardo Bátiz-Lazo

Chapter 3 (‘The British Are Coming!’) explains the origins of the technology in the United Kingdom. It is widely assumed that the operation of a machine in the Enfield branch of Barclays was the ‘prime mover’ in this industry. However, the historical record fails to identify a hero inventor; rather multiple independent versions of the cash machine were launched at more or less the same time in different countries. Yet in spite of the great fanfare, there was no real race to market. There is no evidence the engineers responsible for them knew of each other’s existence before this launch (but many bankers did). Four years later, very few members of the public knew the cash machine existed, even less had used them and only a handful found them convenient.


2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diarmuid McDonnell ◽  
Alasdair C. Rutherford

Charities in the United Kingdom have been the subject of intense media, political, and public scrutiny in recent times; however, our understanding of the nature, extent, and determinants of charity misconduct is weak. Drawing upon a novel administrative dataset of 25,611 charities for the period 2006-2014 in Scotland, we develop models to predict two dimensions of charity misconduct: regulatory investigation and subsequent action. There have been 2,109 regulatory investigations of 1,566 Scottish charities over the study period, of which 31% resulted in regulatory action being taken. Complaints from members of the public are most likely to trigger an investigation, whereas the most common concerns relate to general governance and misappropriation of assets. Our multivariate analysis reveals a disconnect between the types of charities that are suspected of misconduct and those that are subject to subsequent regulatory action.


Author(s):  
Ratnaria Wahid ◽  
Ida Madieha Abdul Ghani Azmi

While education is considered a basic human right, the copyright system however seems to hamper public access to information and knowledge. This is especially so when information that largely comes from developed countries are used as commodities that have to be bought by developing countries. This paper compares the international and national laws in Malaysia, United Kingdom and Australia on the copyright exceptions to materials used for teaching purposes. It analyzes the different ways countries manage and balance between copyright owners and copyright users’ interest and shows that in many circumstances, copyright owners are over-protected by national copyright systems although this is not required by international copyright law. This paper also shows that international treaties governing copyright law do allow some flexibility for member countries to implement copyright systems based on their own needs and circumstances but such opportunity is not fully utilized by member countries for the benefit of the public.  


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Lucas Gutsche

Ex gratia is an integral part of the practice of private insurers. In the public perception, it is predominantly seen in a positive light. This work shows that ex gratia can neither always be reconciled with the legal principles of private insurance law, nor is it always unobjectionable from an economic perspective. The relevant German actors have so far remained inactive in this regard. A comprehensive legal comparison with the United Kingdom provides insightful guidance on how to enforce the legal conformity of ex gratia. The developments in the United Kingdom suggest that a future change in the approach in Germany is conceivable.


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