Study of drainage profiles in Jharia Coalfield, eastern India from aerial photographs: Implication for land use planning

1989 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rekha Ghosh
Author(s):  
Mario Andrés GIRALDO FADUL

Resumen Este artículo presenta los pasos metodológicos para el análisis histórico del uso del suelo usando sistemas geográficos de información, SIG, y sensores remotos, SR. Así mismo, muestra la aplicación de estas técnicas a un estudio de caso para la producción de herramientas digitales que puedan servir para planear y administrar zonas agrícolas de una forma eficiente y sostenible. En el estudio se describe como fotos aéreas de 1973 a 2001, y una imagen de satélite, fueron usadas para generar mapas básicos, mapas de cambio de uso del suelo, así como de unidades administrativas agrícolas. En este estudio se muestra como los mapas y tablas además de otros análisis generados con los sistemas SIG-SR se convierten en una importante estructura analítica para la toma de decisiones en el sector rural. Palabras clave: Uso del suelo, planificación rural, SIG, sostenibilidad   Abstract This paper discusses the use of geographic information systems, GIS, supported by remote sensing, RS, data as an important tool in the day to day decision making process on agriculture areas. The study is used to demonstrate how historical aerial photographs and a satellite image from 1973 to 2001 were used to produce land use, and land use change maps as well as maps of agriculture units for the study area that are later used for planning purposes of agriculture activities. The paper summarizes the methodological steps followed in the GIS analysis and the way that GIS-RS systems can be used in rural areas to plan and to manage day to day activities in agriculture areas under the philosophy of sustainable agriculture. Keywords: Sustainable agriculture, GIS, rural planning


1962 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 248-254
Author(s):  
N. L. Nicholson

In recording actual land use field-by-field or block-by-block methods can be applied either to detailed maps or to aerial photographs. In land-use mapping the usual scales are 1:25,000 for urban areas, 1:50,000 for densely settled areas with complex land-use patterns, and 1:250,000 for sparsely settled areas. In preparation of the map manuscript the base sheet used is of the material known as cronaflex and the transfer and reduction of information is achieved by use of the “reflex map reducer” a device invented by a geographer on the staff of the Geographical Branch.


FLORESTA ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariese Cargnin Muchailh ◽  
Carlos Vellozo Roderjan ◽  
João Batista Campos ◽  
Ayrton Luiz Torricillas Machado ◽  
Gustavo Ribas Curcio

Objetivou-se com este estudo definir uma metodologia de planejamento que possibilite a análise da estrutura de determinada paisagem e de suas características bióticas e abióticas, para a elaboração de um zoneamento adequado do uso do solo. As principais diretrizes do estudo foram a manutenção da estabilidade hídrica e o aumento da conectividade na microbacia, por meio da identificação de zonas de maior fragilidade ambiental, considerando a hidrografia, a geomorfologia, a pedologia e a distribuição dos fragmentos florestais remanescentes. A pesquisa de campo foi realizada com auxílio de imagens de satélite e fotografias aéreas em uma microbacia com 4.629,47 ha no entorno do Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Terceiro Planalto Paranaense. Foram efetuados diferentes diagnósticos dos aspectos bióticos e abióticos, resultando em uma simulação do uso adequado do solo e no aumento da conectividade com a formação de corredor ecológico. A aplicabilidade do método foi demonstrada com a simulação de zonas para conservação e recuperação, que representaram 34,4% da área da microbacia nas zonas de menor potencial de utilização agropecuária, em função da fragilidade de seus solos. Os resultados demonstraram que ganhos ambientais significativos podem ser obtidos com a aplicação da metodologia, proporcionando o aumento da conectividade entre os fragmentos remanescentes. Palavras-chave: Fragmentação; ecologia de paisagens; conservação da biodiversidade.   Abstract Methodology for planning fragmented landscapes aiming the creation of Ecological Corridors. The purpose of this study is to develop a planning methodology which makes analyses of the structure of a certain landscape possible, as well as its biotic and abiotic characteristics in order to elaborate an adequate land use planning. Moreover, the guidelines of this study were maintenance of hydric stability and increasing of connectivity in the watershed by identification of regions with great environmental fragility, considering hydrography, geomorphology, pedology, and remaining forest patches. In field survey, satellite image and aerial photographs were used. The watershed studied has 4,629.47 ha and is located near Iguaçu National Park on the third Paraná plateau. Several biotic and abiotic aspects were distinguished in order to simulate an adequate land use and to establish a biodiversity corridor. This method was validated by simulating conservation and recovery zones, which cover 34.4% of watershed area. Such zones represent low potential regarding crops and cattle raising due to their fragile soil. Results showed the applicability of the methodology used, reflecting environmental gains, providing the increasing of connectivity among remaining forest patches. Keywords: Fragmentation; landscape ecology; biodiversity conservation.  


2007 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 485-495
Author(s):  
Ranjan Bera ◽  
Antara Seal ◽  
Pradip Bhattacharyya ◽  
Kaushik Mukherjee ◽  
Ajit Kumar Dolui ◽  
...  

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2329-2346 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Luino ◽  
L. Turconi ◽  
C. Petrea ◽  
G. Nigrelli

Abstract. Alba is a town of over 30 000 inhabitants located along the Tanaro River (Piedmont, northwestern Italy) and is famous for its wine and white truffles. Many important industries and companies are based in Alba, including the famous confectionery group Ferrero. The town suffered considerably from a flood that occurred on 5–6 November 1994. Forty-eight percent of the urban area was inundated, causing severe damage and killing nine people. After the flood, the Alba area was analysed in detail to determine the reasons for its vulnerability. Information on serious floods in this area since 1800 was gathered from official records, state technical office reports, unpublished documents in the municipal archives, and articles published in local and national newspapers. Maps, plans and aerial photographs (since 1954) were examined to reconstruct Alba's urban development over the last two centuries and the planform changes of the Tanaro River. The results were compared with the effects of the November 1994 flood, which was mapped from aerial photographs taken immediately after the flood, field surveys and eyewitness reports. The territory of Alba was subdivided into six categories: residential; public service; industrial, commercial and hotels; sports areas, utilities and standards (public gardens, parks, athletics grounds, private and public sport clubs); aggregate plants and dumps; and agriculture and riverine strip. The six categories were then grouped into three classes with different flooding-vulnerability levels according to various parameters. Using GIS, the three river corridors along the Tanaro identified by the Autorità di Bacino del Fiume Po were overlaid on the three classes to produce a final map of the risk areas. This study shows that the historic floods and their dynamics have not been duly considered in the land-use planning of Alba. The zones that were most heavily damaged in the 1994 flood were those that were frequently affected in the past and sites of more recent urbanisation. Despite recurrent severe flooding of the Tanaro River and its tributaries, areas along the riverbed and its paleochannels have been increasingly used for infrastructure and building (e.g., roads, a municipal dump, a prison, natural aggregate plants, a nomad camp), which has often interfered with the natural spread of the floodwaters. Since the 1994 flood, many remedial projects have been completed along the Tanaro and its tributaries, including levees, bank protection, concrete walls and floodway channels. In spite of these costly projects, some areas remain at high risk for flooding. The method used, which considered historical data, river corridors identified by hydraulic calculations, geomorphological aspects and land-use planning, can indicate with good accuracy flood-prone areas and in consequence to be an useful tool for the coherent planning of urban expansion and the mitigation of flood risk.


2021 ◽  
pp. 125-138
Author(s):  
Adolfo Quesada Román

Despite of the geomorphological diversity of Central America and Costa Rica, there are few detailed geomorphological studies in the region. A 1:25,000 geomorphological analyses of the Upper General River Basin (UGRB) located in the southeast in Costa Rica is presented, based on the interpretation of aerial photographs and field geomorphological mapping. First, a morphometric analysis was performed to calculate and analyze seven variables that were merged in order to produce the flood and landslides susceptibility maps. Second, a total of 43 types of landforms divided genetically into endogenic (tectonic), and exogenic (fluvial, gravitational, and glacial) features are mapped for an area of 1560 km2. Finally, a geomorphological hazard map with the zonation of the different susceptibility levels of landslides and floods were performed. This cartography is important in terms of geomorphological evolution, disaster risk reduction as well as for land use planning for approximately 40,000 inhabitants. The presented methodology can also be applied in other developing countries for different purposes such as landscape evolution, morphogenetic detailed maps, disaster risk reduction, and land use planning.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document