Improvement of Anther Culture Media for Haploid Production in Triticale

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan M. González ◽  
Nicolás Jouve
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Haploid Production

scholarly journals In vitro anther culture as efficiently applied technique for doubled haploid production of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-45
Author(s):  
Osama Kanbar ◽  
Csaba Lantos ◽  
Janos Pauk
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Chromosome Doubling ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Breeding Material ◽  
Haploid Production

In vitro anther culture is the most commonly-used technology for doubled haploid production in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and various cereals. The technology application allows the genetic attainment of homozygous pure lines from heterozygous breeding material in a single generation, and has become a rapid alternative to the conventional breeding methods. This technology also contributes to more accurately assess QTL × environmental interactions and has been applied in: genetic researches for marker-trait association study, genomics and as a target for transformation, genetic engineering, gene mapping, and mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs). This paper reviews the most important factors that limit the efficiency of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) anther culture, such as genotype dependency and albinism, in addition to other affecting factors including the collection time of tillers and physiological growth environments of plants. Factors that improve the efficiency of wheat anther culture in mitigating both genotypic dependency and albinism have been included in this review, too, for example, genetic improvements by following a strategy to realize this purpose through using responsive breeding material for crossing, application of convenient stress pre-treatments (cold pre-treatments, heat shock treatment, colchicine, hormones, and chemicals) to induce androgenesis, and improvement of the composition of anther culture media and culture conditions. We have also highlighted the methods of chromosome doubling for the haploid wheat produced by anther culture androgenesis, such as spontaneous chromosome doubling or use of colchicine and anti-mitotic chemicals at an early stage of anther culture or as root immersion treatment.

scholarly journals Improvement of Selected Induction Culture Media on Callus Induction in Anther Culture of Anthurium and a Histological Study on its Callus Formation

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Budi Winarto ◽  
Nurhayati Ansori Mattjik ◽  
Agus Purwito ◽  
Budi Marwoto
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Middle Layer ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Anther Wall ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Improvement of selected induction culture media on callus induction in anther culture of anthurium and a histologicalstudy on its callus formation were studied at the tissue culture laboratory of the Indonesian Ornamental CropsResearch Institute from February to October 2008. The objectives of the study were to optimize selected media forcallus formation, reveal cell origin of callus derived from anther culture and shoot formation process. Selectedmedia improved in the study were 1) MMS-TBN containing 0,5 mg/l TDZ, 1,0 mg/l BAP and 0,01 mg/l NAA (Winartomedium, WM) and 2) MMS III supplemented with 1,5 mg/l TDZ, 0,75 mg/l BAP and 0,02 mg/l NAA (Winarto andRachmawati medium, WRM). Improvement treatments were carried out by omission and application of 2,4-D in 0.5mg/l and reduction of medium strength of full, half, quarter, one eighth, one sixteenth, and zero strength. Afactorial experiment was arranged using a randomized complete block design with four replications. Results ofthis study indicated that the highest callus induction was clearly established in WRM. The medium stimulatedpotential growth of anther (PGA) up to 81% with 49% of percentage of anther regeneration (PAR) and 2.7 number ofcallus formed per replication (NCF). Significant improvement in callus formation was also recorded by reduction ofmedium strength of WRM to one eighth compared to others. The reduction induced PGA up to 58% with 29% of PARand 1.8 NCF. From histological studies it was well recognized that regenerated callus on half anthers cultured wasoriginated from middle layer cells of anther wall. The morphogenic response of anther wall cells caused primarilyon no androgenesis effect in microspore cells.

scholarly journals DOUBLED HAPLOID PRODUCTION IN CAPSICUM ANNUUM L. USING ANTHER CULTURE : A REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (Suppliment-1) ◽  
pp. 168-173
Author(s):  
Kaushik Jha ◽  
Pradeep Kumar Choudhary ◽  
Arun Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Haploid Production

scholarly journals Pembentukan Genotipe Padi Berumur Sangat Genjah melalui Kultur Antera

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Iswari S. Dewi ◽  
A. Dinar Ambarwati ◽  
Aniversari Apriana ◽  
Atmitri Sisharmini ◽  
Ida H. Somantri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Pure Lines

<p>Development of Very Early Maturing Rice Genotypes through Anther Culture. Iswari S. Dewi, A. Dinar Ambarwati, Aniversari Apriana, Atmitri Sisharmini, Ida H. Somantri, Bambang Suprihatno, and Iman Ridwan. Rice is the most important food crop in Indonesia. Increase in production is needed due to population increase. Rice production in rainfed area is contributed the second after irrigated area. Rainfed condition requiring very early maturity (90-104 days) varieties. Rice anther culture can be applied to accelerate obtainment of doubled haploids (DHs) or pure lines needed in rice breeding. The experiment was aimed to obtain pure lines for developing very early maturing and high yielding rice varieties. Materials used for anther culture were F1s of Fatmawati/Kinamase, Inpari 1/Kinamase, Fatmawati/ Waseaikoku, Inpari 1/Waseaikoku, Fatmawati/IR71146, Inpari 1/IR71146, OM4495/Silugonggo, IR7146/Dodokan, and IR71730/OM1490. Anther culture media were N6 + NAA 2,0 mg/l + kinetin 0,5 mg/l for callus induction, MS+ NAA 0,5 mg/l + kinetin 2,0 mg/l for plantlet regeneration, and MS + 0,5 mg/l IBA for rooting. Putrescine 10-3 M was added to callus induction and regeneration media. The results shown that calli forming green plantlet (CFGP) were ranged from 0.25 to 83.33%. Fatmawati/Kinamase gave the highest CFGP (245 calli), followed by Inpari 1/Kinamase (78 calli) and Fatmawati/ Waseaikoku (68 calli). Total green plantlets obtained were 2.038 plantlets. After plantlet acclimatization and greenhouse grow-out, we obtained 507 DHs. The evaluation of 100 DHs at farmer field (Ciranjang District in Cianjur), based on their 50% heading date of 65 days, resulted in 33 lines cathegorized as very early maturing lines (+100 days). They were 18 lines from Fatmawati/Kinamase, 5 lines from Inpari 1/Kinamase, 8 lines from Fatmawati/Waseaikoku, and 2 lines from Inpari 1/ Waseaikoku.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Padi (Oryza sativa L.) merupakan komoditi pangan terpenting di Indonesia. Peningkatan produksi diperlukan seiring dengan peningkatan jumlah penduduk. Lahan sawah tadah hujan merupakan lumbung padi kedua setelah sawah irigasi. Kondisi lahan sawah tadah hujan memerlukan varietas-varietas padi berumur sangat genjah (90-104 hari). Teknik kultur antera dapat digunakan untuk mempercepat perolehan tanaman dihaploid (DH) atau galur murni dalam pemuliaan padi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan galur-galur murni yang akan digunakan dalam perakitan padi berdaya hasil tinggi dan berumur sangat genjah. Bahan tanaman yang digunakan untuk kultur antera adalah malai dari tanaman F1 hasil persilangan Fatmawati/Kinamase, Inpari 1/Kinamase, Fatmawati/Waseaikoku, Inpari 1/Waseaikoku, Fatmawati/IR71146, Inpari 1/ IR71146, OM4495/Silugonggo, IR7146/Dodokan, dan IR71730/OM1490. Media kultur antera adalah N6 + NAA 2,0 mg/l + kinetin 0,5 mg/l untuk media induksi kalus, MS+ NAA 0,5 mg/l + kinetin 2,0 mg/l untuk media regenerasi, dan MS + 0,5 mg/l IBA untuk media perakaran. Putresine 10-3 M ditambahkan pada media induksi kalus dan regenerasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kalus yang menghasilkan tanaman hijau (KMTH) berkisar antara 0,25-83,33%. Persilangan Fatmawati/ Kinamase memberikan KMTH tertinggi (245 kalus), diikuti oleh Inpari 1/Kinamase (78 kalus) dan Fatmawati/ Waseaikoku (68 kalus). Total tanaman hijau yang diperoleh adalah 2.038 planlet dihaploid, namun diperoleh 507 tanaman setelah planlet diaklimatisasi dan tanaman ditumbuhkan di rumah kaca. Evaluasi terhadap 100 DH dilakukan di lahan petani Ciranjang, Cianjur. Berdasarkan hari berbunga 50% (65 hari setelah semai), diperoleh 33 galur yang termasuk kategori sangat genjah (dipanen +100 hari). Galur-galur tersebut adalah 18 galur dari persilangan Fatmawati/Kinamase, 5 galur dari persilangan Inpari 1/Kinamase, 8 galur dari persilangan Fatmawati/ Waseaikoku, dan 2 galur dari persilangan Inpari 1/ Waseaikoku.</p>

scholarly journals ROLE OF POLYAMINES IN INHIBITION OF ETHYLENE BIOSYNTHESIS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON RICE ANTHER CULTURE DEVELOPMENT

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iswari S. Dewi ◽  
Bambang S. Purwoko
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Green Plant ◽  
Culture Development ◽  
Acc Content

The polyamines such as putrescine, spermidine, and spermine were reported to increase green plant regeneration in rice anther culture. Low response of anther culture of rice sub-species indica may be improved with the addition of putrescine in the culture media. Four experiments were conducted to study the role of polyamines in inhibition of ethylene biosynthesis and their effects on rice anther culture development. Anthers of two subspecies of rice, indica (IR64, Krowal, Jatiluhur) and japonica (Taipei 309) were cultured onto media supplemented with putrescine (N6P) and without putrescine (N6). Young<br />panicles containing the anthers at mid-to-late nucleate microspores were cold pretreated at 5 + 2°C and incubated in the dark for 8 days before the anthers were cultured. Results<br />showed that medium without putrescine produced an earlier senescence of indica rice anther than that of japonica. The addition of 10-3 M putrescine into the culture media inhibited ethylene biosynthesis as anther senescence delayed, increased the three polyamines contents, and decreased the ACC content as well as ACC oxydase activity in anther-derived calli. In the anther and anther-derived calli of subspecies indica, the total<br />polyamines content was lower (10.14 nM g-1 anther and 8.48 nM g-1 calli) than that of subspecies japonica (12.61 nM g-1 anther and 10.16 nM g-1 calli), whereas the ethylene production was higher (32.31 nM g-1 anther and 2.48 nM g-1 calli) than the japonica (31.68 nM g-1 anther and 1.76 nM g-1 calli). This study suggests that application of 10-3 M putrescine in anther culture of rice subspecies indica improves androgenesis by inhibiting<br />early senescence of cultured anthers and enhancing embryo or callus formation from microspores.

scholarly journals Gametic Embryogenic Response in Wild Diploid Solanum Species and its Implications for Genome Sequencing Projects and Breeding

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-173
Author(s):  
A Castillo ◽  
P Gaiero ◽  
B López Carro ◽  
F Vilaró
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Solanum Species ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
Solanum Commersonii ◽  
Potato Germplasm ◽  
Anther Culture Response ◽  
Anther Cultures ◽  
Embryogenic Response ◽  
Haploid Plants

The anther culture response in Solanum commersonii (2n = 2x = 24, 1EBN) and S. chacoense (2n = 2x = 24, 2EBN), two wild potato germplasm resources was studied to obtain haploid plants. Three accessions from each of the two species and 3200 anthers from each genotype were cultured. Authors assessed different culture media; ascorbic acid, L?cysteine and silver nitrate (AgNO3) were included to prevent browning of anther cultures. Addition of AgNO3, was effective to induce embryogenesis. The clones from S. commersonii showed different embryogenic response to androgenesis. However, the three accessions from S. chacoense did not induce any embryo in the same conditions. Ploidy level of the regenerated clones was estimated by flow cytometry and confirmed by chromosome counts. This is the first report of haploid plants obtained from anther culture in S. commersonii, with important implications in sequencing efforts and potato breeding.Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 26(2): 159-173, 2016 (December)

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