scholarly journals Improvement of Selected Induction Culture Media on Callus Induction in Anther Culture of Anthurium and a Histological Study on its Callus Formation

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Budi Winarto ◽  
Nurhayati Ansori Mattjik ◽  
Agus Purwito ◽  
Budi Marwoto
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Middle Layer ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Anther Wall ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Improvement of selected induction culture media on callus induction in anther culture of anthurium and a histologicalstudy on its callus formation were studied at the tissue culture laboratory of the Indonesian Ornamental CropsResearch Institute from February to October 2008. The objectives of the study were to optimize selected media forcallus formation, reveal cell origin of callus derived from anther culture and shoot formation process. Selectedmedia improved in the study were 1) MMS-TBN containing 0,5 mg/l TDZ, 1,0 mg/l BAP and 0,01 mg/l NAA (Winartomedium, WM) and 2) MMS III supplemented with 1,5 mg/l TDZ, 0,75 mg/l BAP and 0,02 mg/l NAA (Winarto andRachmawati medium, WRM). Improvement treatments were carried out by omission and application of 2,4-D in 0.5mg/l and reduction of medium strength of full, half, quarter, one eighth, one sixteenth, and zero strength. Afactorial experiment was arranged using a randomized complete block design with four replications. Results ofthis study indicated that the highest callus induction was clearly established in WRM. The medium stimulatedpotential growth of anther (PGA) up to 81% with 49% of percentage of anther regeneration (PAR) and 2.7 number ofcallus formed per replication (NCF). Significant improvement in callus formation was also recorded by reduction ofmedium strength of WRM to one eighth compared to others. The reduction induced PGA up to 58% with 29% of PARand 1.8 NCF. From histological studies it was well recognized that regenerated callus on half anthers cultured wasoriginated from middle layer cells of anther wall. The morphogenic response of anther wall cells caused primarilyon no androgenesis effect in microspore cells.

scholarly journals Improved Anther Culture Media for Enhanced Callus Formation and Plant Regeneration in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 839
Author(s):  
Jauhar Ali ◽  
Katrina Leslie C. Nicolas ◽  
Shahana Akther ◽  
Azerkhsh Torabi ◽  
Ali Akbar Ebadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Plantlet Regeneration ◽  
Induction Frequency ◽  
Regeneration Efficiency ◽  
N6 Medium

Anther culture technique is the most viable and efficient method of producing homozygous doubled haploid plants within a short period. However, the practical application of this technology in rice improvement is still limited by various factors that influence culture efficiency. The present study was conducted to determine the effects of two improved anther culture media, Ali-1 (A1) and Ali-2 (A2), a modified N6 medium, to enhance the callus formation and plant regeneration of japonica, indica, and hybrids of indica and japonica cross. The current study demonstrated that genotype and media had a significant impact (p < 0.001) on both callus induction frequency and green plantlet regeneration efficiency. The use of the A1 and A2 medium significantly enhanced callus induction frequency of japonica rice type, Nipponbare, and the hybrids of indica × japonica cross (CXY6, CXY24, and Y2) but not the indica rice type, NSIC Rc480. However, the A1 medium is found superior to the N6 medium as it significantly improved the green plantlet regeneration efficiency of CXY6, CXY24, and Y2 by almost 36%, 118%, and 277%, respectively. Furthermore, it substantially reduced the albino plantlet regeneration of the induced callus in two hybrids (CXY6 and Y2). Therefore, the improved anther culture medium A1 can produce doubled haploid rice plants for indica × japonica, which can be useful in different breeding programs that will enable the speedy development of rice varieties for resource-poor farmers.

scholarly journals Pembentukan Genotipe Padi Berumur Sangat Genjah melalui Kultur Antera

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Iswari S. Dewi ◽  
A. Dinar Ambarwati ◽  
Aniversari Apriana ◽  
Atmitri Sisharmini ◽  
Ida H. Somantri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Pure Lines

<p>Development of Very Early Maturing Rice Genotypes through Anther Culture. Iswari S. Dewi, A. Dinar Ambarwati, Aniversari Apriana, Atmitri Sisharmini, Ida H. Somantri, Bambang Suprihatno, and Iman Ridwan. Rice is the most important food crop in Indonesia. Increase in production is needed due to population increase. Rice production in rainfed area is contributed the second after irrigated area. Rainfed condition requiring very early maturity (90-104 days) varieties. Rice anther culture can be applied to accelerate obtainment of doubled haploids (DHs) or pure lines needed in rice breeding. The experiment was aimed to obtain pure lines for developing very early maturing and high yielding rice varieties. Materials used for anther culture were F1s of Fatmawati/Kinamase, Inpari 1/Kinamase, Fatmawati/ Waseaikoku, Inpari 1/Waseaikoku, Fatmawati/IR71146, Inpari 1/IR71146, OM4495/Silugonggo, IR7146/Dodokan, and IR71730/OM1490. Anther culture media were N6 + NAA 2,0 mg/l + kinetin 0,5 mg/l for callus induction, MS+ NAA 0,5 mg/l + kinetin 2,0 mg/l for plantlet regeneration, and MS + 0,5 mg/l IBA for rooting. Putrescine 10-3 M was added to callus induction and regeneration media. The results shown that calli forming green plantlet (CFGP) were ranged from 0.25 to 83.33%. Fatmawati/Kinamase gave the highest CFGP (245 calli), followed by Inpari 1/Kinamase (78 calli) and Fatmawati/ Waseaikoku (68 calli). Total green plantlets obtained were 2.038 plantlets. After plantlet acclimatization and greenhouse grow-out, we obtained 507 DHs. The evaluation of 100 DHs at farmer field (Ciranjang District in Cianjur), based on their 50% heading date of 65 days, resulted in 33 lines cathegorized as very early maturing lines (+100 days). They were 18 lines from Fatmawati/Kinamase, 5 lines from Inpari 1/Kinamase, 8 lines from Fatmawati/Waseaikoku, and 2 lines from Inpari 1/ Waseaikoku.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Padi (Oryza sativa L.) merupakan komoditi pangan terpenting di Indonesia. Peningkatan produksi diperlukan seiring dengan peningkatan jumlah penduduk. Lahan sawah tadah hujan merupakan lumbung padi kedua setelah sawah irigasi. Kondisi lahan sawah tadah hujan memerlukan varietas-varietas padi berumur sangat genjah (90-104 hari). Teknik kultur antera dapat digunakan untuk mempercepat perolehan tanaman dihaploid (DH) atau galur murni dalam pemuliaan padi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan galur-galur murni yang akan digunakan dalam perakitan padi berdaya hasil tinggi dan berumur sangat genjah. Bahan tanaman yang digunakan untuk kultur antera adalah malai dari tanaman F1 hasil persilangan Fatmawati/Kinamase, Inpari 1/Kinamase, Fatmawati/Waseaikoku, Inpari 1/Waseaikoku, Fatmawati/IR71146, Inpari 1/ IR71146, OM4495/Silugonggo, IR7146/Dodokan, dan IR71730/OM1490. Media kultur antera adalah N6 + NAA 2,0 mg/l + kinetin 0,5 mg/l untuk media induksi kalus, MS+ NAA 0,5 mg/l + kinetin 2,0 mg/l untuk media regenerasi, dan MS + 0,5 mg/l IBA untuk media perakaran. Putresine 10-3 M ditambahkan pada media induksi kalus dan regenerasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kalus yang menghasilkan tanaman hijau (KMTH) berkisar antara 0,25-83,33%. Persilangan Fatmawati/ Kinamase memberikan KMTH tertinggi (245 kalus), diikuti oleh Inpari 1/Kinamase (78 kalus) dan Fatmawati/ Waseaikoku (68 kalus). Total tanaman hijau yang diperoleh adalah 2.038 planlet dihaploid, namun diperoleh 507 tanaman setelah planlet diaklimatisasi dan tanaman ditumbuhkan di rumah kaca. Evaluasi terhadap 100 DH dilakukan di lahan petani Ciranjang, Cianjur. Berdasarkan hari berbunga 50% (65 hari setelah semai), diperoleh 33 galur yang termasuk kategori sangat genjah (dipanen +100 hari). Galur-galur tersebut adalah 18 galur dari persilangan Fatmawati/Kinamase, 5 galur dari persilangan Inpari 1/Kinamase, 8 galur dari persilangan Fatmawati/ Waseaikoku, dan 2 galur dari persilangan Inpari 1/ Waseaikoku.</p>

scholarly journals ROLE OF POLYAMINES IN INHIBITION OF ETHYLENE BIOSYNTHESIS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON RICE ANTHER CULTURE DEVELOPMENT

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iswari S. Dewi ◽  
Bambang S. Purwoko
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Green Plant ◽  
Culture Development ◽  
Acc Content

The polyamines such as putrescine, spermidine, and spermine were reported to increase green plant regeneration in rice anther culture. Low response of anther culture of rice sub-species indica may be improved with the addition of putrescine in the culture media. Four experiments were conducted to study the role of polyamines in inhibition of ethylene biosynthesis and their effects on rice anther culture development. Anthers of two subspecies of rice, indica (IR64, Krowal, Jatiluhur) and japonica (Taipei 309) were cultured onto media supplemented with putrescine (N6P) and without putrescine (N6). Young<br />panicles containing the anthers at mid-to-late nucleate microspores were cold pretreated at 5 + 2°C and incubated in the dark for 8 days before the anthers were cultured. Results<br />showed that medium without putrescine produced an earlier senescence of indica rice anther than that of japonica. The addition of 10-3 M putrescine into the culture media inhibited ethylene biosynthesis as anther senescence delayed, increased the three polyamines contents, and decreased the ACC content as well as ACC oxydase activity in anther-derived calli. In the anther and anther-derived calli of subspecies indica, the total<br />polyamines content was lower (10.14 nM g-1 anther and 8.48 nM g-1 calli) than that of subspecies japonica (12.61 nM g-1 anther and 10.16 nM g-1 calli), whereas the ethylene production was higher (32.31 nM g-1 anther and 2.48 nM g-1 calli) than the japonica (31.68 nM g-1 anther and 1.76 nM g-1 calli). This study suggests that application of 10-3 M putrescine in anther culture of rice subspecies indica improves androgenesis by inhibiting<br />early senescence of cultured anthers and enhancing embryo or callus formation from microspores.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Glutamin dan Serin terhadap Kultur Anter Anthurium andraeanum cv. Tropical

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Budi Winarto
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Ornamental Crops ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Anthurium Andraeanum ◽  
Positive Effect

Kultur anter merupakan salah satu teknologi haploid penting dalam produksi tanaman haploid ganda dan berhasil diaplikasikan pada berbagai jenis tanaman, namun aplikasi pada Anthurium belum pernah dilaporkan. Penelitian dan pengembangan kultur anter Anthurium yang difokuskan untuk mempelajari pengaruh glutamin dan serin terhadap induksi, pertumbuhan, dan regenerasi kalus dilakukan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias dari bulan Januari sampai dengan September 2008. Tujuan penelitian ialah mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi konsentrasi glutamin dan serin terhadap induksi, pertumbuhan, dan regenerasi kalus pada kultur anter Anthurium. Spadik Anthurium andraeanum cv. Tropical, kalus hasil kultur anter serta medium Winarto dan Teixeira digunakan dalam studi ini. Glutamin dan serin pada konsentrasi 0, 250, 500, dan 750 mg/l diuji dalam percobaan ini. Percobaan disusun menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial dengan empat ulangan. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa penambahan glutamin dan serin pada medium terseleksi belum memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap induksi, pertumbuhan, dan regenerasi kalus. Glutamin pada konsentrasi 250 mg/l menginduksi potensi tumbuh anter hingga 48% dengan 21% anter beregenerasi dan 1,3 anter per perlakuan membentuk kalus. Sementara serin pada 500 mg/l merupakan konsentrasi yang paling potensial dalam induksi kalus dengan 55% potensi tumbuh anter, 24% anter beregenerasi, dan 1,4 anter per perlakuan membentuk kalus. Glutamin 250 mg/l merupakan konsentrasi terbaik dibanding konsentrasi yang lain dalam mendukung pertumbuhan dan regenerasi kalus. Perlakuan tersebut tanpa serin mampu menginduksi potensi pertumbuhan kalus hingga 77% dengan volume kalus mencapai 237 mm3 dan empat tunas dihasilkan per eksplan. Sementara perlakuan serin justru mereduksi pertumbuhan dan regenerasi kalus dan menstimulasi senesensi kalus yang berdampak pada pencoklatan dan kematiannya. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disarankan penggunaan glutamin dibanding serin dalam meningkatkan keberhasilan kultur anter Anthurium.<br /><br /><br /><br />Anther culture is one of important haploid technologies in producing double haploid lines and successfully applied in many plants, while the application in Anthurium is not reported yet. Research and development in anther culture of Anthurium focusing on studying the effect of glutamine and serine on callus induction, growth, and its regeneration was conducted at Tissue Culture Laboratory of Indonesian Ornamental Crops Research Institute from January untill September 2008. Objective of this study was to know the effect of glutamine and serine on callus induction, growth, and its regeneration in anther culture of Anthurium. Spadix of Anthurium andraeanum cv. Tropical, callus derived from anther and Winarto and Teixeira medium were utilized in the study. Glutamine and serine of 0, 250, 500, and 750 mg/l were tested in the experiments. Factorial experiment was arranged by completely randomized design with four replications. Results of the study indicate that addition of glutamine and serine in selected culture medium gave moderate significant effect on induction, growth, and regeneration of callus. Glutamine in 250 mg/l induced potential growth of anther up to 48% with 21% regenerated anthers and 1.3 anthers per treatment producing calli, while 500 mg/l of serine was better concentration in callus formation with 55% potential growth of callus, 24% regenerated anthers and 1.4 anthers per treatment producing calli. In growth and regeneration of callus, supplementation of serine reduced callus capacity in growth and production of shoots and stimulated callus senescence causing browning and death of it, while 250 mg/l glutamine exhibited positive effect on them. The treatment without serine was able to induce potential growth of callus up to 77% with 237 mm3 per callus and four shoots produced per explants. Results of the study suggest application of glutamine rather than serine in improving anther culture of Anthurium.<br /><br />

scholarly journals Heritabilitas, Karakterisasi, dan Analisis Clustergram Galur-galur Padi Dihaploid Hasil Kultur Antera

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fuad Anshori ◽  
Bambang Sapta Purwoko ◽  
Iswari Saraswati Dewi ◽  
Sintho Wahyuning Ardie ◽  
Willy Bayuardi Suwarno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Doubled Haploid Lines ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
High Heritability

<p>ABSTRACT<br /><br />Doubled haploid rice formation through anther culture becomes one of the alternatives in the plant breeding. The lines need to be characterized, clustered, and selected. This study aimed at determining heritability, characters, and cluster of doubled haploid lines obtained from anther culture. This experiment was conducted at IPB Rice Field Experiment Station, Darmaga, Bogor from October 2016 until January 2017. The experiment was managed according to randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications and genotype as the single factor treatment. Genotypes used were 60 genotypes consisting of 56 doubled haploid lines and 4 control varieties. The controls were Ciherang, Inpara 5, Inpari 29, and Inpari 34 Salin Agritan. The results showed that all characters have significant effect and high heritability (above 60%), so they could be used as a selection character. The tested genotypes could be grouped into three main groups. The first group consisted of 11 genotypes, the second group consisted of 44 genotypes, and the third group consisted of 5 genotypes. The main group determinant characters were productive tillers, percentage of filled grain number, plant height, panicle length, and weight of 1,000 grains. The number of filled grain and productive tillers can be used as selection characters together with yield potential.<br /><br />Keywords: filled grain, heatmap, panicle length, productive tillers, yield potential<br /><br /></p>

scholarly journals Regeneration of Haploid Plantlet through Anther Culture of Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum)

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 482-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rayhanul Kabir KHANDAKAR MD ◽  
Jie YU ◽  
Sun-Kyung MIN ◽  
Mi-Kyoung WON ◽  
Hyun Gu CHOI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Chromosome Counting ◽  
Dendranthema Grandiflorum ◽  
Regenerated Plantlets ◽  
Haploid Plants

To observe the possibility of producing haploid plants of Chrysanthemum, anthers of three Korean cultivars ‘Yes Morning’, ‘Hi-Maya’, and pot cultivar ‘Peace Pink’ were cultured. Callus induction among cultivars differed little, but equally good results were obtained with the basal MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L of 2,4-D, 2 mg/L of BA, 250 mg/L of casein hydrolysate, 45 g/L of sucrose; solidified by 2.75 g/L gelrite. A pretreatment of anthers in media at 4 °C for 48h enhanced the callus induction. Calli were allowed to differentiate on basal MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/L of BA, 0.1 mg/L of NAA, 30 g/L of sucrose; solidified by 2.75 g/L gelrite.  Shoot formation from calli in that media slightly differed among cultivars. Multiple shoots elongated from calli were shifted to basal MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L of NAA, 30 g/L of sucrose; solidified by 3 g/L gelrite for rooting. The plantlets with sufficient roots thus obtained were acclimatized and transferred to the soil. Fifty regenerated plantlets from each cultivar were randomly selected for ploidy observation by chromosome counting and haploid plantlet was detected for the garden cultivar ‘Yes morning’.

scholarly journals Induksi Kalus Tanaman Kentang Dombu (Solanum tuberosum L.) Secara In Vitro Dengan Pemberian ZPT 2,4-D (Dichlorophenoxy Acetid Acid)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti RLR Idris ◽  
Asri Pirade Paserang
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

This research was aimed to determine the effect of the PGR 2.4-D (Dichlorophenoxy Acetid Acid) in various concentrations on induceing callus of Dombu potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). This research was performed based on Completely Randomized Design (RAL) with 6 treatments and 3 times repetation, so there were 18 experiment units. Each experiment used 3 explants so as there were 54 explants. The combination of concentration of the tested PGR in the culture media were T1 = MS0+ 2.4-D 0 ppm (control), T2 = MS0+ 2.4-D 0.5 ppm, T3 = MS0+ 2.4-D 1 ppm, T4= MS0+ 2.4-D 1.5 ppm, T5 = MS0+ 2.4-D 2 ppm and T6 = MS0+ 2.4-D 2.5 ppm. The results showed that callus induction was appeared in the concentration of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 ppm. Callus was generally formed on the Day-8 after plantation. Callus color was mostly greenish transparent, callus texture was mostly crumb type, and callus formation percentage was almost 100%. The best media for inducing the callus was in treatment T4 (1.5 ppm 2.4-D), it referred to the formed callus biomass

scholarly journals Callus induction of mountain papaya endosperm (Vasconcellea pubescens A. DC) with different combination of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and Kinetin

2022 ◽  
Vol 951 (1) ◽  
pp. 012072
Author(s):  
R K Zuhro ◽  
H A Dewanto ◽  
A Suyadi ◽  
T Pribadi ◽  
O D Hadjoeningtijas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Double Fertilization ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
High Level ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Dead Tissue

Abstract Endosperm as a result of double fertilization in Angiospermae shows high level chromosomes and polyploidy. It is also considered as dead tissue that unable to be generated to form plantlet. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of kinetin and 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in induction of callus formation of mountain papaya. This research used A factorial randomized block design with 18 groups, 1 fruit was used for 1 experimental group. Culture using Murashige and Skog (MS) media with combination of three level of kinetin (0, 2, 4 mgL-1) and six level of 2,4-D (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 mgL-1). Maximum endosperm callus induction (0.88%) was achieved from endosperm explant cultured on MS medium fortified with 2.0 mgL-1 Kinetin and 4.0 mgL-1 2,4-D. The fastest day induction (24,66 day) was observed with 5.0 mg L-1 2,4-D. The maximum number of browning (0,10) was induced by 2.0 mgL-1 Kinetin and 5.0 mgL-1 2,4-D. Combination Kinetin and 2,4-D proved could induces callus formation from mountain papaya endosperm.

scholarly journals CALLUS INDUCTION OF CACAO CLONE SULAWESI 1 ON VARIOUS CONCENTRATIONS OF 2,4 -D AND COCONUT WATER VIA IN VITRO CULTURE

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Asmila Asmila ◽  
Zainuddin Basri ◽  
Ramal Yusuf ◽  
Hawalina Hawalina
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
Plantation Crops ◽  
Central Sulawesi

Cacao is one of important plantation crops grouped in the Sterculiaceae family.  Sulawesi is the main area of cacao production and has a number of superior clones, such as Sulawesi 1 and Sulawesi 2.  Based on data in 2012/2014 cacao production to consumption reached 174,000 tons, while in 2013/2014 was projected a deficit of 115,000 tonnes. Nonetheless, cacao agribusiness in Indonesia is still facing complex problems, among others gardener productivity is still low due to borer attacks cacao, the quality of products and the number is still low and still not optimal development of cacao products and providing superior amount of cacao seedlings. The primary problem of cacao production recently is low productivity.  The main cause of low cacao productivity in Central Sulawesi is the use of inferior clones.  To enhance cacao productivity, it is crucial to use cacao clones having high genetic potential via tissue culture or micropropagation techniques.  The aim of this experiment was to assess the effect of different concentrations of 2,4-D and coconut water on the growth of cacao callus via in vitro culture.  This experiment used Completely Randomozed Block Design in factorial patteren with treatments tested namely 2,4-D and coconut water concentrations.  The concentrations of 2,4-D tested including 1 ppm, 2 ppm and 3 ppm, whilst coconut water concentrations tested consisting of 10%, 15% and 20%, and therefore there were 3 x 3 = 9 treatment combinations.  Each treatment utilized 4 replications; and each unit combination used 5 explants (staminodia).  Results of this experiment indicated that the addition of 3 ppm 2,4-D and 10% coconut water had a highly significant effect on the callus color 4 weeks after culture.  The addition of 3 ppm 2,4-D in culture media showed a significant effect on callus color 4 weeks after culture, but had an insignificant effect on the callus formation, callus color 8 weeks after culture an callus texture.  Supplementation of 20% coconut water had a significant effect on callus texture 8 weeks after culture, whilst the addition of 10% coconut water showed a significant effect on callus color 4 weeks after culture.

EFFECTS OF 2,4-D AND ZEATIN RIBOSIDE ON POLLEN CALLUS INDUCTION IN BARLEY ANTHER CULTURE

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. YE ◽  
B. L. HARVEY ◽  
K. N. KAO
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Zeatin Riboside ◽  
Optimal Range ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Obvious Effect ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Different Levels

Anthers of two barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars, Bonanza and Elrose were cultured in media A or K1 with different levels of 2,4-D and zeatin riboside (Z-r). The results indicated that a combination of 2,4-D and Z-r in their optimal ranges (0.25–1.0 mg/L and 0.125–0.25 mg/L, respectively) significantly increased pollen callus induction in Bonanza anthers. Addition of 2,4-D alone (optimal range 0.25–2.0 mg/L) increased the frequency of callus formation in Elrose, while Z-r (0.125–2.0 mg/L) had no obvious effect on callus induction. When Z-r concentration was higher than 2.0 mg/L it decreased callus formation. At high concentrations (2.0–4.0 mg/L) 2,4-D alone induced loose calli which were not able to develop into plantlets.Key words: Barley, anther culture, 2,4-D, zeatin riboside

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