Stable branch curves and braid monodromies

1981 ◽  
pp. 107-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. G. Moishezon
Keyword(s):  
Stable Branch

scholarly journals Auto Coloring with Enhanced Character Registration

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Qiu ◽  
Hock Soon Seah ◽  
Feng Tian ◽  
Quan Chen ◽  
Zhongke Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Frame ◽  
Registration Method ◽  
Stable Branch ◽  
2D Animation ◽  
Target Frame

An enhanced character registration method is proposed in this paper to assist the auto coloring for 2D animation characters. After skeletons are extracted, the skeleton of the character in a target frame is relocated based on a stable branch in a reference frame. Subsequently the characters among a sequence are automatically matched and registered. Occlusion are then detected and located in certain components segmented from the character. Two different approaches are applied to color regions in components without and with occlusion respectively. The approach has been tested for coloring a practical animation sequence and achieved high coloring accuracy, showing its applicability in commercial animation production.

scholarly journals Mathematical Analysis of Magnetized Rotating Nanofluid Flow Over nonlinear shrinking surface: Duality and Stability

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Dr Sumera Dero ◽  
Ghulam Hyder Talpur ◽  
Abbas Ali Ghoto ◽  
Shokat Ali
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equations ◽  
Hartmann Number ◽  
Similarity Transformation ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Shrinking Sheet ◽  
Nanofluid Flow ◽  
Suction Parameter ◽  
Stable Branch ◽  
Shrinking Surface ◽  
Good Agreement

In this study, the MHD effect on boundary layer rotating flow of a nanofluid is investigated for the multiple branches case. The main focus of current research is to examine flow characteristics on a nonlinear permeable shrinking sheet. Moreover, the governing partial differential equations (PDEs) of the problem considered are reduced into coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with the appropriate similarity transformation.  Numerical results based on the plotted graphs are gotten by solving ODEs with help of the three-stage Labatto IIIA method in bvp4c solver in MATLAB. To confirm numerical outcomes, current results are compared with previously available outcomes and found in good agreement. Skin friction coefficients, Nusselt and Sherwood numbers, velocity profiles, temperature profiles, and concentration profiles are examined. The results show that dual (no) branches exist in certain ranges of the suction parameter i.e., SSc (SSc). Further, profiles of velocity decrease for rising values of Hartmann number in the upper branch, while reverse trend has been noticed in a lower branch. Profiles of temperature and concentration enhance for the increasing values of thermophoresis in both branches. stability analysis of the branches is also done and noticed that upper branch is a stable branch from both branches. Finally, it is noted that the stable branch has symmetrical behavior with regard to the parameter of rotation.

On the extinction limit and flammability limit of non-adiabatic stretched methane–air premixed flames

1997 ◽  
Vol 342 ◽  
pp. 315-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
YIGUANG JU ◽  
HONGSHENG GUO ◽  
KAORU MARUTA ◽  
FENGSHAN LIU
Keyword(s):  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Lewis Number ◽  
Flammability Limit ◽  
Radiative Heat Loss ◽  
Stretch Rate ◽  
Stable Branch ◽  
Extinction Limit ◽  
Radiation Extinction ◽  
Normal Flame

Extinction limits and the lean flammability limit of non-adiabatic stretched premixed methane–air flames are investigated numerically with detailed chemistry and two different Planck mean absorption coefficient models. Attention is paid to the combined effect of radiative heat loss and stretch at low stretch rate. It is found that for a mixture at an equivalence ratio lower than the standard lean flammability limit, a moderate stretch can strengthen the combustion and allow burning. The flame is extinguished at a high stretch rate due to stretch and is quenched at a low stretch rate due to radiation loss. A O-shaped curve of flame temperature versus stretch rate with two distinct extinction limits, a radiation extinction limit and a stretch extinction limit respectively on the left- and right-hand sides, is obtained. A C-shaped curve showing the flammability limit of the stretched methane–air flame is obtained by plotting these two extinction limits in the mixture strength coordinate. A good agreement is shown on comparing the predicted results with the experimental data. For equivalence ratio larger than a critical value, it is found that the O-shaped temperature curve opens up in the middle of the stable branch, so that the stable branch divides into two stable flame branches; a weak flame branch and a normal flame branch. The weak flame can survive between the radiation extinction limit and the opening point (jump limit) while the normal flame branch can survive from its stretch extinction limit to zero stretch rate. Finally, a G-shaped curve showing both extinction limits and jump limits of stretched methane–air flames is presented. It is found that the critical equivalence ratio for opening up corresponds to the standard flammability limit measured in microgravity. Furthermore, the results show that the flammability limit (inferior limit) of the stretched methane–air flame is lower than the standard flammability limit because flames are strengthened by a moderate stretch at Lewis number less than unity.

scholarly journals Third stable branch and tristability of nuclear spin polarizations in a single quantum dot system

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Yamamoto ◽  
R. Kaji ◽  
H. Sasakura ◽  
S. Adachi
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dot ◽  
Nuclear Spin ◽  
Single Quantum ◽  
Stable Branch ◽  
Single Quantum Dot
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