Improving Accuracy of American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Using Audit-Feedback and Artificial Intelligence: A Time Series Analysis

ABSTRACT Background While the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status (PS) is used to adjust for greater mortality risk with higher ASA PS classification, inaccurate classification can lead to inaccurate comparison of institutions. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of audit and feedback with a rule-based artificial intelligence algorithm on the accuracy of ASA PS classification. Methods We reviewed 78,121 anesthetic records from January 1, 2017 to February 19, 2020. The first intervention entailed audit and feedback emphasizing accurately documenting ASA PS classification using BMI, while the second intervention consisted of implementing a rule-based artificial intelligence algorithm. If a patient with a BMI ≥40 kg/m2 had a documented ASA PS classification of 1 or 2, the provider was alerted to change the ASA PS classification to 3 or above. The primary outcome was the overall proportion of patients with inaccurate ASA PS classification based on BMI per month. Secondary outcomes included: the proportion of patients with a BMI ≥40 or a BMI 30-39.9 who had inaccurate ASA PS classification, and the proportion of patients documented as having ASA 3-5. Data were analyzed using interrupted time series analysis. Results For the primary outcome, the slope for ASA PS classification inaccurately incorporating BMI was unchanging before the first intervention (parameter coefficient 0.002, 95% CI -0.034 to 0.038; P=0.911). Following the first intervention, there was an immediate level change (parameter coefficient -0.821, 95% CI -1.236 to -0.0406; P<0.001) without significant change in slope (parameter coefficient -0.048, 95% CI -0.100 to 0.004; P=0.067). The post-intervention slope was negative (parameter coefficient -0.046, 95% CI -0.083 to -0.009; P=0.017). Following the second intervention, there was no level change (parameter coefficient 0.203, 95% CI -0.380 to 0.463; P=0.839) and no significant change in slope (parameter coefficient 0.013, 95% CI -0.043 to 0.043; P=0.641). The post-intervention slope was not significant (parameter coefficient -0.034, 95% CI -0.078 to 0.010; P=0.121). The proportion of patients whose ASA PS classification inaccurately incorporated BMI at the first and final timepoint of the study was 2.6% and 0.8%, respectively. Conclusions Our quality improvement efforts successfully modified clinician behavior to accurately incorporate BMI into the ASA PS classification. By combining audit and feedback methodology with a rule-based artificial intelligence algorithm, we created a process that resulted in immediate and sustained effects. Improving ASA PS classification accuracy is important because it affects quality metrics, research design, resource allocation, and workflow processes.

Using Robust Ridge Regression Diagnostic Method to Handle Multicollinearity Caused High Leverage Points

Statistics practitioners have been depending on the ordinary least squares (OLS) method in the linear regression model for generation because of its optimal properties and simplicity of calculation. However, the OLS estimators can be strongly affected by the existence of multicollinearity which is a near linear dependency between two or more independent variables in the regression model. Even though in the presence of multicollinearity the OLS estimate still remained unbiased, they will be inaccurate prediction about the dependent variable with the inflated standard errors of the estimated parameter coefficient of the regression model. It is now evident that the existence of high leverage points which are the outliers in x-direction are the prime factor of collinearity influential observations. In this paper, we proposed some alternative to regression methods for estimating the regression parameter coefficient in the presence of multiple high leverage points which cause the multicollinearity problem. This procedure utilized the ordinary least squares estimates of the parameter as the initial followed by an estimate of the ridge regression. We incorporated the Least Trimmed Squares (LTS) robust regression estimate to down weight the effects of multiple high leverage points which lead to the reduction of the effects of multicollinearity. The result seemed to suggest that the RLTS give a substantial improvement over the Ridge Regression.

THE ASYMMETRIC VOLATILITY OF THE ISLAMIC CAPITAL MARKET DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

This study attempts to identify the existence of asymmetric volatility in the Islamic capital market in Indonesia during the Covid-19 pandemic. The paper employs the symmetric analysis of the GARCH (1,1) model and the asymmetric analysis of the TGARCH (1,1) model in order to identify Islamic capital market behaviour duringthe first 200 days after the first Covid-19 cases were confirmed. We used the daily closing prices of the Indonesia Sharia Stock Index (ISSI). The symmetric analysis of the GARCH (1,1) model revealed that the current value of return on the ISSI does not have a significant impact on its future value. On the other hand, the TGARCH (1,1) model showed that the asymmetric parameter coefficient was positive and statistically significant. Good news and bad news does not have the same level of impact on the volatility of returns on the ISSI. Furthermore, coefficients αi and γi in the variance equation indicate that good news has a higher volatility impact than bad news. The results indicate that investors should not to worry about the bad news effect of theCovid-19 pandemic, while the government should continue the mitigation of the spread of the coronavirus along with its economic recovery policy.

The Implementation of Profit Sharing at Lembaga Perkreditan Desa

Avoiding distortion of LPD funds requires transparency of financial reports and revenue sharing. Given that there are still frequent irregularities in the use of funds by the organizers. The purpose of this study was to determine the implications of financial performance and transparency on profit sharing. This research used quantitative methods from a population of 142 selected 60 samples. The data were collected by distributing questionnaires and collecting data on the number of samples in this study as many as 60 LPDs selected based on the stratified random sampling method. This study was analyzed using SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) analysis techniques with the PLS (Partial Least Square) method. Based on the first hypothesis, it shows that the relationship between financial performance variables and profit sharing shows the parameter coefficient value of 0.137 with a t value of 1.350. This value is smaller than the t table (1,960). The results of testing the second hypothesis indicate that the relationship between the transparency variable and profit sharing shows the parameter coefficient value of 0.724 with a t value of 8.179. This value is greater than the t table (1,960). Based on the research results, it can be concluded that financial performance has a positive relationship with profit sharing, and transparency has a positive relationship with profit sharing.

PENGARUH PARTISIPASI PEMAKAI SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI DAN KECANGGIHAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI DENGAN KEMAMPUAN TEKNIK PERSONAL SEBAGAI VARIABEL PEMODERASI PADA LEMBAGA PERKREDITAN DESA DI KECAMATAN SUKAWATI

The accounting information system effectiveness is a success achieved by accounting information system in generating information in a timely and accurate. The success of accounting information system is supported by several factors, namely the user participation of accounting information system the technology sophistication information and personal technical capability. This study aims to determine the effect of user participation of accounting information system and the technology sophistication information to the accounting information system effectiveness with personal technical capability as variable of moderate. The research was conducted on the LPD in district Sukawati. The population in this research is all LPD employees in district Sukawati amounting to 267 employees from 33 LPD. The sampling technique used is the purposive sampling method, in order to obtain a sample of 111 people from 23 LPD. Data collection by using a survey method, wich is spread questionnaire. The analytical techniques used is Moderated Regression analysis (MRA). Based on the results of the hypothesis testing suggests that the user participation of accounting information system has no significant effect on the accounting information system effectiveness, with parameter coefficient value of 0.003 with significance of 0.986 > 0.05. The technology sophistication information positively and significantly affects the accounting information system effectiveness, with a parameter coefficient value of 0.452 with significance of 0.002 < 0.05. Personal technical capability does not moderate the influence of the user participation of accounting information system to the accounting information system effectiveness, with a parameter coefficient value of -0.004 with significance of 0.938 > 0.05. The ability of personal technical capability does not moderate the influence of the technology sophistication information to the accounting information system effectiveness, with a parameter coefficient value of -0.007 with significance of 0.893 > 0.05.

Pembelajaran Online dan Hasil Menulis Karangan Argumentasi di Era Big Data

This study aims to determine the effect of the application of online learning on the results of writing arguments at SMK Negeri 5 Tangerang district in the era of big data. This research is a descriptive quantitative research in which the process of extracting information is manifested in the form of numbers as a tool to find information about what is known. The study population was all 11th grade students of SMK N 5 Tangerang Regency. The sample of this research is the 11th grade students of TPM 1 and 11th grade of TPM 2. The descriptive statistical method is used to analyze the application of online learning and its effect on the results of writing arguments. The research was conducted in March and April 2020, data were obtained from questionnaires and assessments of the results of writing student argument essays. The results of this study indicate that the magnitude of the parameter coefficient (-0.065) means that there is a negative effect on the application of online learning and the t statistical value is 0.632 with a significance level of 5% = 1.84, so the t statistical value is smaller than t table. The conclusion is that the application of online learning has a negative effect on the results of writing arguments in the era of big data.Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan pembelajaran online terhadap hasil menulis karangan argumentasi di SMK Negeri 5 kabupaten Tangerang di era big data. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif dimana proses penggalian informasi diwujudkan dalam bentuk angka-angka sebagai alat untuk menemukan keterangan mengenai apa yang diketahui. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas 11 SMK N 5 Kabupaten Tangerang. Sampel penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas 11 TPM 1 dan kelas 11 TPM 2. Metode statistic deskriftip digunakan untuk menganalisis penerapan pembelajaran online dan pengaruhnya terhadap hasil menulis karangan argumentasi. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret dan April 2020, data diperoleh dari kuesioner dan penilaian hasil menulis karangan argumentasi siswa. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa besarnya koefisien parameter (-0.065) yang berarti terdapat pengaruh yang negatif penerapan pembelajaran online dan nilai t statistik sebesar 0.632 dengan taraf signifikansi 5% = 1.84 maka nilai t statistik lebih kecil dari t tabel. Kesimpulannya bahwa penerapan pembelajaran online berpengaruh negatif terhadap hasil menulis karangan argumentasi di era big data.

Analysis of Educational Quality Based on Quality, ServQual and Retention of Students

This study analyzed the influence of ServQual (service quality) on satisfaction and student retention. The sample used was 175 STIESIA Surabaya students using non probability sampling called, accidental sampling. Data analysis used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS 21 software. Based on the discussion of the hypotheses proposed in this study, the conclusions are as follows: 1). There is a positive influence between ServQual on satisfaction. This is based on the results of the parameter coefficient output. It is known that the relationship of the ServQual construct to satisfaction is significant at 0.001 (sign p = ***) with a standardized parameter coefficient of 0.735. Thus, if ServQual is good, students will be satisfied, and vice versa if ServQual is bad, students will not be satisfied. 2) There is a positive effect of satisfaction on student retention. This is based on the results of the output coefficient parameter construct relationship satisfaction to student retention significant at 0.001 (p = 0.001) and standardized parameter coefficient of 0.513. Thus if student satisfaction is high then student retention is also high, and vice versa if satisfaction is low then student retention is also low. 3) There is no influence between ServQual on student retention indicated by the output parameter coefficient at 0.001 (p = 0.132) This proves that loyalty cannot be created through service quality, but through satisfaction first. thus, it can be said that satisfaction has a mediating effect between ServQual and Student Retention.

Pengaruh Komitmen dan Kinerja Manajemen Koperasi terhadap Kepuasan Anggota Melalui Kualitas Pelayanan sebagai Intervening

The purpose of this study was to analyze the commitment and performance of cooperative management on member satisfaction through service quality. The research subjects were commissioner members, sample 73, sampling technique with purposive sampling. Data collection techniques through questionnaires, data analysis techniques with SmartPLS. The results of the study (1) Commitment variable has a positive and significant effect on service quality, the parameter coefficient value is 0.489 with a P-Value of 0,000. (2) Employee performance Variable has a positive and significant effect on service quality with a coefficient value of 0.461 with a P-Value of 0,000. (3) Commitment variable has a positive effect on job satisfaction, parameter coefficient value of 0.314 with P-Value 0.001. (4) Employee performance variable has no positive and significant effect on member satisfaction, parameter coefficient value of 0.037 with P-value of 0.530. (5) Variable quality has a positive and significant effect on member satisfaction, parameter coefficient value 0.742 with a P-value of 0.000.

PENGARUH STRUCTURE OWNERSHIP DAN KARAKTERISTIK AUDITOR TERHADAP TAX AVOIDANCE PADA PERUSAHAAN DALAM IDXV30 DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA

This study aims to determine the effect of Structure Onwership and Auditor Characteristics on Tax Avoidance in IDXV30 on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This study uses a quantitative method with the acquisition and secondary data collection. The companies that became the sample of this study were 30 companies that applied accounting conservatism. The number of samples that could be analyzed were 30 samples, thus the number of samples over three years was 90 samples (30x3). The results of the X1 Variable Test (Structure Ownership) gave a parameter coefficient (t-count) of 1,809 with a significance level of 0.07 (0.10). This means that H1 is accepted (Hair, 2017) so it can be said that Structure Ownership has a positive and significant effect on Tax Avoidance Variable X2 (Characteristics of Auditors) giving a parameter coefficient value of 0.02 (0.05). This means that H1 is accepted so that it can be said that the auditor's characteristics have a significant and significant effect on tax avoidance because the level of significance possessed by the auditor's variable characteristics 0.05 (0.02 0.05) and tcount 1.668 (2,347 1,668).

Analisis Ekspor Lidah Buaya (Aloe Vera) Kalimantan Barat” (Studi Kasus Ekspor Ke Negara Malaysia)

The development of non-oil and gas exports, a very important role in the development of the national economy with strategic policies that need to be improved for West Kalimantan Province is the commodity of Aloe Vera, which is one of the agricultural products that has competitiveness in the international market. So that government and private investment continues to be encouraged to increase the production and quality of aloe vera commodities. The results show that the value of the quantity of aloe vera export to Malaysia shows that there is a positive relationship. Whereas to see whether the results of the research model estimation are theoretically meaningful and are statistically significant, a "priori" economic criteria test and statistical criteria test will be conducted. The economic "a priori" criteria test is done by comparing the suitability of the sign between the regression parameter coefficients and the theory in question. If the regression parameter coefficient is in accordance with the principles of economic theory, then the parameter has passed the test.