scholarly journals On Rational Knots and Links in the Solid Torus

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Bataineh ◽  
Mohamed Elhamdadi ◽  
Mustafa Hajij
Keyword(s):  
Solid Torus ◽  
Rational Knots ◽  
Knots And Links

scholarly journals An important step for the computation of the HOMFLYPT skein module of the lens spaces L(p,1) via braids

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1940007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Diamantis ◽  
Sofia Lambropoulou
Keyword(s):  
Infinite System ◽  
Solid Torus ◽  
Lens Spaces ◽  
System Of Equations ◽  
Skein Module ◽  
Knots And Links

We prove that, in order to derive the HOMFLYPT skein module of the lens spaces [Formula: see text] from the HOMFLYPT skein module of the solid torus, [Formula: see text], it suffices to solve an infinite system of equations obtained by imposing on the Lambropoulou invariant [Formula: see text] for knots and links in the solid torus, braid band moves that are performed only on the first moving strand of elements in a set [Formula: see text], augmenting the basis [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text].

scholarly journals Topological steps toward the Homflypt skein module of the lens spaces L(p,1) via braids

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (14) ◽  
pp. 1650084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Diamantis ◽  
Sofia Lambropoulou ◽  
Jozef H. Przytycki
Keyword(s):  
Infinite System ◽  
Solid Torus ◽  
Lens Spaces ◽  
System Of Equations ◽  
Closed Curves ◽  
Skein Modules ◽  
Skein Module ◽  
Basic Set ◽  
Knots And Links ◽  
Shed Light

In this paper, we work toward the Homflypt skein module of the lens spaces [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] using braids. In particular, we establish the connection between [Formula: see text], the Homflypt skein module of the solid torus ST, and [Formula: see text] and arrive at an infinite system, whose solution corresponds to the computation of [Formula: see text]. We start from the Lambropoulou invariant [Formula: see text] for knots and links in ST, the universal analog of the Homflypt polynomial in ST, and a new basis, [Formula: see text], of [Formula: see text] presented in [I. Diamantis and S. Lambropoulou, A new basis for the Homflypt skein module of the solid torus, J. Pure Appl. Algebra 220(2) (2016) 577–605, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpaa.2015.06.014 , arXiv:1412.3642 [math.GT]]. We show that [Formula: see text] is obtained from [Formula: see text] by considering relations coming from the performance of braid band move(s) [bbm] on elements in the basis [Formula: see text], where the bbm are performed on any moving strand of each element in [Formula: see text]. We do that by proving that the system of equations obtained from diagrams in ST by performing bbm on any moving strand is equivalent to the system obtained if we only consider elements in the basic set [Formula: see text]. The importance of our approach is that it can shed light on the problem of computing skein modules of arbitrary c.c.o. [Formula: see text]-manifolds, since any [Formula: see text]-manifold can be obtained by surgery on [Formula: see text] along unknotted closed curves. The main difficulty of the problem lies in selecting from the infinitum of band moves some basic ones and solving the infinite system of equations.

KNOTS AND LINKS IN INTEGRABLE HAMILTONIAN SYSTEMS

1998 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 123-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. CASASAYAS ◽  
J. MARTINEZ ALFARO ◽  
A. NUNES
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Orbits ◽  
Hamiltonian Systems ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Solid Torus ◽  
Integrable Hamiltonian Systems ◽  
Hamiltonian Flows ◽  
Smale Flows ◽  
Knots And Links

The main purpose of this paper is to prove that Bott integrable Hamiltonian flows and non-singular Morse-Smale flows are closely related. As a consequence, we obtain a classification of the knots and links formed by periodic orbits of Bott integrable Hamiltonians on the 3-sphere and on the solid torus. We also show that most of Fomenko's theory on the topology of the energy levels of Bott integrable Hamiltonians can be derived from Morgan's results on 3-manifolds that admit non-singular Morse-Smale flows.

Knots and Links

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter R. Cromwell
Keyword(s):  
Knots And Links

scholarly journals Invariants of Random Knots and Links

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaim Even-Zohar ◽  
Joel Hass ◽  
Nati Linial ◽  
Tahl Nowik
Keyword(s):  
Knots And Links ◽  
Random Knots

Stick numbers of Montesinos knots

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150013
Author(s):  
Hwa Jeong Lee ◽  
Sungjong No ◽  
Seungsang Oh
Keyword(s):  
Upper Bound ◽  
Crossing Number ◽  
Number Formula ◽  
Knots And Links

Negami found an upper bound on the stick number [Formula: see text] of a nontrivial knot [Formula: see text] in terms of the minimal crossing number [Formula: see text]: [Formula: see text]. Huh and Oh found an improved upper bound: [Formula: see text]. Huh, No and Oh proved that [Formula: see text] for a [Formula: see text]-bridge knot or link [Formula: see text] with at least six crossings. As a sequel to this study, we present an upper bound on the stick number of Montesinos knots and links. Let [Formula: see text] be a knot or link which admits a reduced Montesinos diagram with [Formula: see text] crossings. If each rational tangle in the diagram has five or more index of the related Conway notation, then [Formula: see text]. Furthermore, if [Formula: see text] is alternating, then we can additionally reduce the upper bound by [Formula: see text].

Topology of ambient manifolds of non-singular Morse – Smale flows with three periodic orbits

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 863-868
Author(s):  
Danila Shubin ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Orbits ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Solid Torus ◽  
Lens Space ◽  
Tubular Neighborhood ◽  
Lens Spaces ◽  
Ambient Manifold ◽  
Orientable Manifold ◽  
Smale Flows ◽  
Published Result

The purpose of this study is to establish the topological properties of three-dimensional manifolds which admit Morse – Smale flows without fixed points (non-singular or NMS-flows) and give examples of such manifolds that are not lens spaces. Despite the fact that it is known that any such manifold is a union of circular handles, their topology can be investigated additionally and refined in the case of a small number of orbits. For example, in the case of a flow with two non-twisted (having a tubular neighborhood homeomorphic to a solid torus) orbits, the topology of such manifolds is established exactly: any ambient manifold of an NMS-flow with two orbits is a lens space. Previously, it was believed that all prime manifolds admitting NMS-flows with at most three non-twisted orbits have the same topology. Methods. In this paper, we consider suspensions over Morse – Smale diffeomorphisms with three periodic orbits. These suspensions, in turn, are NMS-flows with three periodic trajectories. Universal coverings of the ambient manifolds of these flows and lens spaces are considered. Results. In this paper, we present a countable set of pairwise distinct simple 3-manifolds admitting NMS-flows with exactly three non-twisted orbits. Conclusion. From the results of this paper it follows that there is a countable set of pairwise distinct three-dimensional manifolds other than lens spaces, which refutes the previously published result that any simple orientable manifold admitting an NMS-flow with at most three orbits is lens space.

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