BAC libraries of Triticum urartu, Aegilops speltoides and Ae. tauschii, the diploid ancestors of polyploid wheat

2005 ◽  
Vol 111 (8) ◽  
pp. 1617-1622 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. Akhunov ◽  
A. R. Akhunova ◽  
J. Dvořák
Keyword(s):  
Aegilops Speltoides ◽  
Triticum Urartu ◽  
Polyploid Wheat ◽  
Bac Libraries

Analysis of Triticum boeoticum and Triticum urartu seed defensins: To the problem of the origin of polyploid wheat genomes

Biochimie ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 939-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana I. Odintsova ◽  
Tatyana V. Korostyleva ◽  
Margarita S. Odintsova ◽  
Vitaliy A. Pukhalsky ◽  
Eugene V. Grishin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Urartu ◽  
Polyploid Wheat ◽  
Triticum Boeoticum

GENETIC VARIABILITY IN AEGILOPS SPELTOIDES AFFECTING HOMOEOLOGOUS PAIRING IN WHEAT

1972 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dvořák
Keyword(s):  
Aegilops Speltoides ◽  
Homoeologous Pairing ◽  
Addition Lines ◽  
Single Population ◽  
Polyploid Wheat ◽  
Hybrid Plants ◽  
Telocentric Chromosomes ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Speltoides Chromosome

Three Chinese Spring ditelocentric lines and four Agropyron telocentric addition lines were crossed with a single population of Aegilops speltoides. Chromosome pairing was studied in the hybrid plants. The mean chiasma frequencies per cell in different hybrid plants indicate the existence of three different genotypes in the population of Ae. speltoides each differing significantly in ability to suppress the diploidizing mechanism in polyploid wheat. Plants at the three levels of pairing showed means of 6.4, 10.4 and 15.0 chiasmata per cell, respectively.Agropyron telocentric chromosomes did not pair with their wheat homoeolgues at the lowest pairing level. At intermediate and high pairing levels they did pair with wheat chromosomes. The increase in pairing of Agropyron telocentrics paralleled the increase in chiasma frequency per cell.The action of genes controlling homoeologous synapsis is discussed and it is suggested that pairing affinity between chromosomes may result from the interaction between two factors: homology in nucleotide sequences at specific sites in chromosomes, and degree of activation of these sequences.

scholarly journals En/Spm-like transposons in Poaceae species: Transposase sequence variability and chromosomal distribution

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahu Altinkut ◽  
Olga Raskina ◽  
Eviatar Nevo ◽  
Alexander Belyayev
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Distance Matrix ◽  
Hordeum Spontaneum ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Triticum Monococcum ◽  
Aegilops Speltoides ◽  
Triticum Urartu ◽  
Chromosomal Distribution ◽  
Higher Plant

AbstractBelonging to Class II of transposable elements, En/Spm transposons are widespread in a variety of distantly related plant species. Here, we report on the sequence conservation of the transposase region from sequence analyses of En/Spm-like transposons from Poaceae species, namely Zingeria biebersteiniana, Zingeria trichopoda, Triticum monococcum, Triticum urartu, Hordeum spontaneum, and Aegilops speltoides. The transposase region of En/Spm-like transposons was cloned, sequenced, and compared with equivalent regions of Oryza and Arabidopsis from the gene bank database. Southern blot analysis indicated that the En/Spm transposon was present in low (Hordeum spontaneum, Triticum monococcum, Triticum urartu) through medium (Zingeria bieberstiana, Zingeria trichopoda) to relatively high (Aegilops speltoides) copy numbers in Poaceae species. A cytogenetic analysis of the chromosomal distribution of En/Spm transposons revealed the concurence of the chromosomal localization of the En/Spm clusters with mobile clusters of rDNA. An analysis of En/Spm-like transposase amino acid sequences was carried out to investigate sequence divergence between 5 genera — Triticum, Aegilops, Zingeria, Oryza and Arabidopsis. A distance matrix was generated; apparently, En/Spm-like transposase sequences shared the highest sequence homology intra-generically and, as expected, these sequences were significantly diverged from those of O. sativa and A. thaliana. A sequence comparison of En/Spm-like transposase coding regions defined that the intra-genomic complex of En/Spm-like transposons could be viewed as relatively independent, vertically transmitted, and permanently active systems inside higher plant genomes.The sequence data from this article was deposited in the EMBL/GenBank Data Libraries under the accession nos. AY707995-AY707996-AY707997-AY707998-AY707999-AY708000-AY708001-AY708002-AY708003-AY708004-AY708005-AY708005-AY265312.

Microsatellite markers reveal chimeric origin of redesignated chromosome 4A of wheat from Triticum urartu and other species

Genome ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 628-632
Author(s):  
Kuraparthy Vasu ◽  
M S Aghaee-Sarbarzel ◽  
H S Dhaliwal
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Reciprocal Translocation ◽  
Aegilops Speltoides ◽  
Triticum Urartu ◽  
Diploid Genome ◽  
Specific Allele ◽  
Genome Donors

Although a new nomenclature has been adopted for wheat in which chromosome 4A (4AO) has been renamed 4B (4BN) and chromosome 4B (4BO) has been renamed 4A (4AN), their specific origin remains uncertain. The use of wheat microsatellite (WMS) markers mapped to chromosomes 4AN and 4BN in a set of polyploid wheats and diploid genome donors has unequivocally indicated that the entire short arm of 4AN, some part of 4ANL, and a segment of 4BNL were derived from Triticum urartu. The presence of a T. urartu-specific allele at locus gwm368 on 4BNL and of an Aegilops speltoides allele at locus gwm397 on 4ANL suggests the possibility of a reciprocal translocation between 4ANL and 4BNL. The subcentromeric and telomeric regions of 4ANL corresponding to heterochromatic C-bands were derived neither from diploid wheats nor from Ae. speltoides or Aegilops longissima.Key words: microsatellite markers, chromosome 4A, Triticum urartu, wheat, Aegilops speltoides.

Protein disulphide isomerase promoter sequence analysis of Triticum urartu, Aegilops speltoides and Aegilops tauschii

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 338-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Prabhu Dhanapal ◽  
Mario Ciaffi ◽  
Enrico Porceddu ◽  
Elisa d'Aloisio
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Aegilops Tauschii ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Seed Storage Proteins ◽  
Aegilops Speltoides ◽  
Secretory Proteins ◽  
Triticum Urartu ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Protein Disulphide Isomerase

Protein disulphide isomerase (PDI) catalyses the formation, reduction and isomerization of disulphide bonds in the newly synthesized secretory proteins. Plant PDIs have been shown to be involved in the folding and deposition of seed storage proteins, which makes this enzyme particularly interesting in wheat, as flour quality is strongly affected by composition and structure of seed storage proteins. In hexaploid wheat cultivar (AABBDD) Chinese Spring (CS), the genomic, complementary DNA and promoter sequences of the three homoeologous gene encoding PDI had been isolated and characterized in a previous study revealing high levels of sequence conservation. In this study, we report the isolation and sequencing of a ~700 bp region, comprising ~600 bp of the putative promoter region and 88 bp of the first exon of the typical PDI gene, in five accessions each from Triticum urartu (AA), Aegilops speltoides (BB) and Aegilops tauschii (DD). Sequence analysis indicated large variation among sequences belonging to the different genomes, while close similarity was found within each species and with the corresponding homoeologous PDI sequences of Triticum aestivum cv. CS (AABBDD) resulting in an overall high conservation of the regulatory motifs conferring endosperm-specific expression.

The phylogeny of the polyploid wheats Triticum aestivum (bread wheat) and Triticum turgidum (macaroni wheat)

Genome ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 722-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kerby ◽  
J. Kuspira
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Triticum Monococcum ◽  
Aegilops Speltoides ◽  
Triticum Urartu ◽  
B Genome ◽  
Aegilops Longissima ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Genome Donors

The phylogeny of the polyploid wheats has been the subject of intense research and speculation during the past 70 years. Various experimental approaches have been employed to ascertain the diploid progenitors of these wheats. The species having donated the D genome to Triticum aestivum has been unequivocally identified as Aegilops squarrosa. On the basis of evidence from many studies, Triticum monococcum has been implicated as the source of the A genome in both Triticum turgidum and Triticum aestivum. However, numerous studies since 1968 have shown that Triticum urartu is very closely related to Triticum monococcum and that it also carries the A genome. These studies have prompted the speculation that Triticum urartu may be the donor of this chromosome set to the polyploid wheats. The donor of the B genome to Triticum turgidum and Triticum aestivum remains equivocal and controversial. Six different diploid species have been implicated as putative B genome donors: Aegilops bicornis, Aegilops longissima, Aegilops searsii, Aegilops sharonensis, Aegilops speltoides, and Triticum urartu. Until recently, evidence presented by different researchers had not permitted an unequivocal identification of the progenitor of the B genome in polyploid wheats. Recent studies, involving all diploid and polyploid wheats and putative B genome donors, lead to the conclusion that Aegilops speltoides and Triticum urartu can be excluded as B genome donors and that Aegilops searsii is the most likely source of this chromosome set. The possibility of the B genome having arisen from an AAAA autotetraploid or having a polyphyletic origin is discussed. Key words: phylogeny; Triticum aestivum; Triticum turgidum; A, B, and D genomes.

Особенности наследования транслокации, несущей ген устойчивости к бурой ржавчине, от Aegilops speltoides Tausch на хромосому 2D мягкой пшеницы

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 969-974
Author(s):  
И. Г. Адонина ◽  
Е. Ю. Букатич ◽  
В. В. Пискарев ◽  
В. А. Тюнин ◽  
Е. Р. Шрейдер ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aegilops Speltoides

scholarly journals Molecular variation in chloroplast DNA regions in ancestral species of wheat.

Genetics ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 137 (3) ◽  
pp. 883-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
N T Miyashita ◽  
N Mori ◽  
K Tsunewaki
Keyword(s):  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Restriction Enzymes ◽  
Triticum Dicoccoides ◽  
The Other ◽  
Major Type ◽  
Aegilops Speltoides ◽  
Triticum Timopheevi ◽  
Restriction Sites ◽  
D Values ◽  
Chloroplast Dna Regions

Abstract Restriction map variation in two 5-6-kb chloroplast DNA regions of five diploid Aegilops species in the section Sitopsis and two wild tetraploid wheats, Triticum dicoccoides and Triticum araraticum, was investigated with a battery of four-cutter restriction enzymes. A single accession each of Triticum durum, Triticum timopheevi and Triticum aestivum was included as a reference. More than 250 restriction sites were scored, of which only seven sites were found polymorphic in Aegilops speltoides. No restriction site polymorphisms were detected in all of the other diploid and tetraploid species. In addition, six insertion/deletion polymorphisms were detected, but they were mostly unique or species-specific. Estimated nucleotide diversity was 0.0006 for A. speltoides, and 0.0000 for all the other investigated species. In A. speltoides, none of Tajima's D values was significant, indicating no clear deviation from the neutrality of molecular polymorphisms. Significant non-random association was detected for three combinations out of 10 possible pairs between polymorphic restriction sites in A. speltoides. Phylogenetic relationship among all the plastotypes (plastid genotype) suggested the diphyletic origin of T. dicoccoides and T. araraticum. A plastotype of one A. speltoides accession was identical to the major type of T. araraticum (T. timopheevi inclusively). Three of the plastotypes found in the Sitopsis species are very similar, but not identical, to that of T. dicoccoides, T. durum and T. aestivum.

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