A visual distracter task during adaptation reduces the proprioceptive movement aftereffect

2010 ◽  
Vol 203 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatjana Seizova-Cajic ◽  
Rita Azzi
Keyword(s):  
Movement Aftereffect ◽  
Visual Distracter

Nulling the Movement Aftereffect: Evidence for Pattern Specificity

Perception ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
J E W Mayhew
Keyword(s):  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Test Surface ◽  
Homogeneous Field ◽  
Movement Aftereffect ◽  
Motion Detectors ◽  
Patterned Illumination ◽  
Two Populations

A microtextured surface such as a homogeneously illuminated tracing-paper screen provides an excellent test surface for the movement aftereffect. When it is moved against the aftereffect at the appropriate velocity, a null occurs and the screen appears stationary. However, if patterned illumination is superimposed on the homogeneous field, the nulling breaks down. The pattern appears to move in one direction, driven by the aftereffect, and the screen can be clearly seen moving in the opposite direction. This breakdown begins to occur at luminances just above threshold for the detection of the pattern. The implication is that two populations of motion detectors are involved. Evidence in support of this postulate is presented.

The Role of Intervening Patterns in the Storage of the Movement Aftereffect

Perception ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1233-1240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Thompson ◽  
Justin Wright
Keyword(s):  
Residual Effect ◽  
Visual Pathway ◽  
Motion Aftereffect ◽  
High Contrast ◽  
Movement Aftereffect ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Fatigue Model ◽  
Storage Effects ◽  
Storage Patterns

Wohlgemuth, having measured the duration of the motion aftereffect (MAE), instructed subjects to close their eyes immediately after adaptation for a period of time longer than the MAE. Upon opening their eyes the subjects reported a residual effect, albeit somewhat shorter than the original effect. Thus the decay of the aftereffect appeared to have been retarded by the period of darkness. This effect is known as ‘storage’ and poses a problem for any model of the MAE based on the fatiguing of direction-selective units in the visual pathway. A reexamination is made of storage of the MAE, again concentrating on the intervening stimulation between movement adaptation and aftereffect test. The results suggest that the nature of the intervening pattern between adaptation and test conditions is remarkably unimportant. A total of 11 different storage patterns were examined after adaptation to high-contrast drifting horizontal sinewave gratings. For 10 of these patterns large and robust storage effects were found. The exception occurred when the spatial pattern of the storage stimulus was identical to the adaptation and test stimuli. It is proposed that storage cannot be understood in terms of a simple fatigue model of the MAE and that one component of the effect may share similarities with contingent aftereffects.

scholarly journals A rotational stereoscopic 3-dimensional movement aftereffect

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 1745-1752 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R Webster ◽  
Joseph T Panthradil ◽  
Damian M Conway
Keyword(s):  
Movement Aftereffect ◽  
3 Dimensional

scholarly journals Effects of a Visual Distracter Task on the Gait of Elderly versus Young Persons

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otmar Bock ◽  
Rainer Beurskens
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functions ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Mental Rotation ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variability ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Visual Distracter ◽  
Young Subjects

Seniors show deficits of dual-task walking when the second task has high visual-processing requirements. Here, we evaluate whether similar deficits emerge when the second task is discrete rather than continuous, as is often the case in everyday life. Subjects walked in a hallway, while foot proprioception was either perturbed by vibration or unperturbed. At unpredictable intervals, they were prompted to turn their head and perform a mental-rotation task. We found that locomotion of young subjects was not affected by this distracter task with or without vibration. In contrast, seniors moved their legs after the distraction at a slower pace through smaller angles and with a higher spatiotemporal variability; the magnitude of these changes was vibration independent. We conclude that the visual distracter task degraded the gait of elderly subjects but completely spared young ones, that this effect is not due to degraded proprioception, and that it rather might reflect the known decline of executive functions in the elderly.

scholarly journals Vibrotactile Feedback for Brain-Computer Interface Operation

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Febo Cincotti ◽  
Laura Kauhanen ◽  
Fabio Aloise ◽  
Tapio Palomäki ◽  
Nicholas Caporusso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Tactile Feedback ◽  
Stimulation Protocol ◽  
Visual Channel ◽  
Vibrotactile Feedback ◽  
Computer Interfaces ◽  
Sensory Channel ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Visual Distracter ◽  
And Control

To be correctly mastered, brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) need an uninterrupted flow of feedback to the user. This feedback is usually delivered through the visual channel. Our aim was to explore the benefits of vibrotactile feedback during users' training and control of EEG-based BCI applications. A protocol for delivering vibrotactile feedback, including specific hardware and software arrangements, was specified. In three studies with 33 subjects (including 3 with spinal cord injury), we compared vibrotactile and visual feedback, addressing: (I) the feasibility of subjects' training to master their EEG rhythms using tactile feedback; (II) the compatibility of this form of feedback in presence of a visual distracter; (III) the performance in presence of a complex visual task on the same (visual) or different (tactile) sensory channel. The stimulation protocol we developed supports a general usage of the tactors; preliminary experimentations. All studies indicated that the vibrotactile channel can function as a valuable feedback modality with reliability comparable to the classical visual feedback. Advantages of using a vibrotactile feedback emerged when the visual channel was highly loaded by a complex task. In all experiments, vibrotactile feedback felt, after some training, more natural for both controls and SCI users.

The Effect of Stationary Patterns on Adaptation for Movement: Evidence for Inhibitory Interaction

Perception ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E W Mayhew
Keyword(s):  
Test Pattern ◽  
Threshold Elevation ◽  
Inhibitory Interaction ◽  
Movement Aftereffect ◽  
Specific Adaptation ◽  
Neural Processes ◽  
Stationary Test ◽  
Simple Movement ◽  
Moving Patterns ◽  
Moving Pattern

Contingent movement aftereffects (CMAEs) can be demonstrated by adapting to a red pattern rotating clockwise (cw) alternating with a green pattern rotating counterclockwise (ccw). After 5 min subjects typically report stationary test patterns as apparently rotating clockwise when they are green and counterclockwise when they are red. Also, luminance thresholds for motion now depend on both the colour and direction of the moving pattern. The thresholds for red—cw and green—ccw motion will be relatively greater than for the opposite colour motion pairings. This is called contingent threshold elevation. When stationary dots the same colour as the moving patterns are added to the adapting stimuli, subjects report weak CMAEs but no contingent threshold elevation can be demonstrated. When stationary dots opposite in colour to the moving patterns are added to the adapting stimuli, neither CMAEs nor contingent threshold elevation can be demonstrated. And yet colour specific adaptation does occur, and can be demonstrated in the colour specificity of the simple movement aftereffect. When stationary dots are added to the adapting pattern, the simple movement aftereffect though reduced, is greatest on a test pattern of the same colour as the moving dots. These findings suggest that the CMAE, contingent threshold elevation, and the colour specificity of the movement aftereffect involves neural processes differentially sensitive to the presence of stationary patterns.

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