Environmental Temperature, but Not Male Age, Affects Wolbachia and Prophage WO Thereby Modulating Cytoplasmic Incompatibility in the Parasitoid Wasp, Habrobracon Hebetor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyede Fatemeh Nasehi ◽  
Yaghoub Fathipour ◽  
Sassan Asgari ◽  
Mohammad Mehrabadi
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Cytoplasmic Incompatibility ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Habrobracon Hebetor ◽  
Male Age

scholarly journals Wolbachia induce cytoplasmic incompatibility and affect mate preference in Habrobracon hebetor to increase the chance of its transmission to the next generation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeynab Bagheri ◽  
Ali Asghar Talebi ◽  
Sassan Asgari ◽  
Mohammad Mehrabadi
Keyword(s):  
Mating Behavior ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Cytoplasmic Incompatibility ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Wolbachia Infection ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Host Population ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Habrobracon Hebetor ◽  
Intracellular Symbiont

Wolbachia are common intracellular bacteria that are generally found in arthropods including a high proportion of insects and also some nematodes. This intracellular symbiont can affect sex ratio with a variety of reproductive anomalies in the host, including cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) in haplodiploides. In this study, we questioned if the parasitoid wasp, Habrobracon hebetor (Hym.: Braconidae), which is one of the most important biological control agents of many lepidopteran larvae, is infected with Wolbachia. To test this, DNA was extracted from adult insects and subjected to PCR using specific primers to Wolbachia target genes. The results showed high rate of Wolbachia infection in this parasitoid wasp. To find out the biological function of Wolbachia in H. hebetor, we removed this bacterium from the wasps using antibiotic treatment (cured wasps). Results of the crossing experiments revealed that Wolbachia induced CI in H. hebetor in which cured females crossed with infected males produced only males, while in the progeny of other crosses, both males and females were observed. Also, our result showed that the presence of Wolbachia in the females increased fecundity and female offspring of this parasitoid wasp. However, the presence of Wolbachia in the males had no significant effect on the fecundity and female production, but might have incurred costs. We also investigated the effect of Wolbachia on mate choice and found that Wolbachia affects mating behavior of H. hebetor. Together, we show that Wolbachia induce CI in H. hebetor and affect host mating behavior in favor of its transmission. Wolbachia utilize these strategies to increase the frequency of infected females in the host population.

scholarly journals Male age, host effects and the weak expression or non-expression of cytoplasmic incompatibility in Drosophila strains infected by maternally transmitted Wolbachia

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. TRACY REYNOLDS ◽  
ARY A. HOFFMANN
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Cytoplasmic Incompatibility ◽  
Strain Differences ◽  
Large Impact ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Male Age ◽  
Weak Expression ◽  
Host Effects

In Drosophila melanogaster, the maternally inherited endocellular microbe Wolbachia causes cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) in crosses between infected males and uninfected females. CI results in a reduction in the number of eggs that hatch. The level of CI expression in this species has been reported as varying from partial (a few eggs fail to hatch) to nonexistent (all eggs hatch). We show that male age in this host species has a large impact on the level of CI exhibited and explains much of this variability. Strong CI is apparent when young males are used in crosses. CI declines rapidly with male age, particularly when males are repeatedly mated. Wolbachia from a Canton S line that was previously reported as not causing CI does in fact induce CI when young males are used in crosses, albeit at a weaker level than in other D. melanogaster strains. The strain differences in CI expression are due to host background effects rather than differences in Wolbachia strains. These results highlight the importance of undertaking crosses with a range of male ages and nuclear backgrounds before ascribing particular host phenotypes to Wolbachia strains.

scholarly journals Population structure, mating system, and sex-determining allele diversity of the parasitoid wasp Habrobracon hebetor

Heredity ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
M F Antolin ◽  
P J Ode ◽  
G E Heimpel ◽  
R B O'Hara ◽  
M R Strand
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Mating System ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Habrobracon Hebetor

scholarly journals Cardinium Localization During Its Parasitoid Wasp Host’s Development Provides Insights Into Cytoplasmic Incompatibility

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Doremus ◽  
Corinne M. Stouthamer ◽  
Suzanne E. Kelly ◽  
Stephan Schmitz-Esser ◽  
Martha S. Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Development Time ◽  
Cytoplasmic Incompatibility ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Normal Numbers ◽  
Pupal Period ◽  
Hormone Analog ◽  
Symbiont Transmission ◽  
Sperm Nuclei ◽  
The Relationship

Arthropods harbor heritable intracellular symbionts that may manipulate host reproduction to favor symbiont transmission. In cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), the symbiont sabotages the reproduction of infected males such that high levels of offspring mortality result when they mate with uninfected females. In crosses with infected males and infected females, however (the “rescue” cross), normal numbers of offspring are produced. A common CI-inducing symbiont, Cardinium hertigii, causes variable levels of CI mortality in the parasitoid wasp, Encarsia suzannae. Previous work correlated CI-induced mortality with male development time in this system, although the timing of Cardinium CI-induction and the relationship between development time and CI mortality was not well understood. Here, using a combination of crosses, manipulation of development time, and fluorescence microscopy, we identify the localization and the timing of the CI-induction step in the Cardinium-E. suzannae system. Antibiotic treatment of adult Cardinium-infected males did not reduce the mortality associated with the CI phenotype, suggesting that CI-alteration occurs prior to adulthood. Our results suggest that the alteration step occurs during the pupal period, and is limited by the duration of pupal development: 1) Encarsia produces most sperm prior to adulthood, 2) FISH localization of Cardinium in testes showed an association with sperm nuclei throughout spermatogenesis but not with mature sperm, and 3) two methods of prolonging the pupal period (cool temperatures and the juvenile hormone analog methoprene) both caused greater CI mortality, suggesting the degree of alteration is limited by the duration of the pupal stage. Based on these results, we compare two models for potential mechanisms of Cardinium sperm modification in the context of what is known about analogous mechanisms of Wolbachia, a more extensively studied CI-inducing symbiont.

scholarly journals Cytoplasmic incompatibility and bacterial density in Nasonia vitripennis.

Genetics ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 135 (2) ◽  
pp. 565-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Breeuwer ◽  
J H Werren
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Incompatibility ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Chromosome Elimination ◽  
Bacterial Density ◽  
Female Progeny ◽  
Egg Maturation ◽  
Diploid Female ◽  
Reproductive Incompatibility ◽  
F1 Progeny ◽  
Tetracycline Treatment

Abstract Cytoplasmically (maternally) inherited bacteria that cause reproductive incompatibility between strains are widespread among insects. In the parasitoid wasp Nasonia, incompatibility results in improper condensation and fragmentation of the paternal chromosomes in fertilized eggs. Some form of genome imprinting may be involved. Because of haplodiploidy, incompatibility results in conversion of (diploid) female eggs into (haploid) males. Experiments show that bacterial density is correlated with compatibility differences between male and female Nasonia. Males from strains with high bacterial numbers are incompatible with females from strains with lower numbers. Temporal changes in compatibility of females after tetracycline treatment are generally correlated with decreases in bacterial levels in eggs. However, complete loss of bacteria in mature eggs precedes conversion of eggs to the "asymbiont" compatibility type by 3-4 days. This result is consistent with a critical "imprinting" period during egg maturation, when cytoplasmic bacteria determine compatibility. Consequent inheritance of reduced bacterial numbers in F1 progeny has different effects on compatibility type of subsequent male vs. female progeny. In some cases, partial incompatibility occurs which results in reduced offspring numbers, apparently due to incomplete paternal chromosome elimination resulting in aneuploidy.

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