Ecology of acoustic signalling and the problem of masking interference in insects

2014 ◽  
Vol 201 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne K. D. Schmidt ◽  
Rohini Balakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Masking Interference

MASKING INTERFERENCE AND THE EVOLUTION OF THE ACOUSTIC COMMUNICATION SYSTEM IN THE AMAZONIAN DENDROBATID FROG ALLOBATES FEMORALIS

Evolution ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 1874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adolfo Amézquita ◽  
Walter Hödl ◽  
Albertina Pimentel Lima ◽  
Lina Castellanos ◽  
Luciana Erdtmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Communication ◽  
Communication System ◽  
Allobates Femoralis ◽  
Masking Interference

scholarly journals Lipreading in Noise: Cross-Modal Analysis of the Target-Masker Linguistic Similarity Hypothesis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violet Aurora Brown ◽  
Naseem Dillman-Hasso ◽  
ZHAOBIN LI ◽  
Lucia Ray ◽  
Ellen Mamantov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Modal Analysis ◽  
Informational Masking ◽  
Cognitive Interference ◽  
Auditory Periphery ◽  
Similarity Hypothesis ◽  
Rigorous Test ◽  
Masking Interference ◽  
Energetic Masking ◽  
Speech Identification ◽  
Different Levels

The linguistic similarity hypothesis states that it is more difficult to segregate target and masker speech when they are linguistically similar (Brouwer et al., 2012). This may be the result of energetic masking (interference at the auditory periphery) and/or informational masking (cognitive interference). To provide a rigorous test of the hypothesis and investigate how informational masking interferes with speech identification in the absence of energetic masking, we presented target speech visually and masking babble auditorily. Participants completed an English lipreading task in silence, speech-shaped noise, semantically anomalous English, semantically meaningful English, Dutch, and Mandarin two-talker babble. Results showed that speech maskers interfere with lipreading more than stationary noise, and that maskers that are the same language as the target speech provide more interference than different-language maskers. However, the study found no evidence that a masker that is similar to the English target speech (Dutch) provides more masking than one that is less similar (Mandarin). These results provide some cross-modal support for the linguistic similarity hypothesis, but suggest that the theory should be further specified to address the conditions under which languages that differ in their similarity to the target speech should provide different levels of masking.

A Comparison of Local and Remote Masking on Tactile Pulse Detection Using Different Masking Patterns

1986 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene C. Lechelt
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Sequence ◽  
Pulse Sequences ◽  
Forced Choice ◽  
Forward Masking ◽  
Backward Masking ◽  
Pulse Detection ◽  
Test Pulse ◽  
Masking Interference ◽  
Central Factors

Forward and backward masking functions were obtained for the detection of a 2-msec. tactile “test” pulse using two different masking patterns (5- or 10-pulse sequences) under conditions of both local and remote masking. Twelve ISIs (interval between “test” pulse and onset of the masking sequence) ranging from 10 to 76 msec. were used. A two-interval forced-choice (2-IFC) procedure was used in which observers were presented with two successive trains of tactile pulses, one having the “test” pulse at varying intervals prior (backward masking) to or after (forward masking) the masking sequence and one train having only a masking sequence. Observers were asked to report in which train of pulses they detected the “test” pulse. With local masking, i.e., when “test” pulse and masking sequence were presented to the same locus, there was substantially more forward than backward masking, and the 10-pulse sequence resulted in consistently greater amounts of masking than the 5-pulse mask. When the “test” pulse and masking sequence were delivered to different loci, i.e., the remote masking, the results were much less systematic. The data suggest that both peripheral and central factors contribute to the obtained masking functions and that both integration and interruption are producing the masking interference.

scholarly journals Improved Imaging Model in the Presence of Multiplicative Spatially Extended Cloaking Interference

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 189-198
Author(s):  
Hennadii Khudov ◽  
◽  
Igor Ruban ◽  
Oleksandr Makoveichuk ◽  
Yevhen Stepanenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Image Brightness ◽  
Transmitted Radiation ◽  
Imaging Model ◽  
Visible Wavelength Range ◽  
Spatially Extended ◽  
Medium Layer ◽  
Distorted Region ◽  
Masking Interference ◽  
Upper Boundary

The paper proposes an improved imaging model in the presence of multiplicative spatially extended cloaking interference. The model take into account the effect of multiplicative masking interference. To simplify the calculations of the image brightness in the distorted region the diagram technique is used. Unlike the known ones, the model takes into account the concentration of the distorting medium in a narrow squat layer, the primary reflection of solar radiation from the upper boundary of the distorting layer and subsequent multiple re-reflections of the transmitted radiation of the visible wavelength range from the earth’s surface and the upper boundary of the distorting medium layer. A technique for finding and taking into account the reflection and re-reflection coefficients of radiation to restore distorted images is proposed. The results of experimental studies are presented. For the experiment, the image of the territory of Iraq during the 2003 "Freedom for Iraq" hostilities was selected. Keywords— image, model, multiplicative, extended cloaking interference, spacecraft, reflection, coefficient

scholarly journals MASKING INTERFERENCE AND THE EVOLUTION OF THE ACOUSTIC COMMUNICATION SYSTEM IN THE AMAZONIAN DENDROBATID FROG ALLOBATES FEMORALIS

Evolution ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 1874-1887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adolfo Amézquita ◽  
Walter Hödl ◽  
Albertina Pimentel Lima ◽  
Lina Castellanos ◽  
Luciana Erdtmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Communication ◽  
Communication System ◽  
Allobates Femoralis ◽  
Masking Interference

scholarly journals DETECTION OF RADAR TARGETS ON THE BACKGROUND OF ACTIVE INTERFERENCE BY THE DETECTOR OF THE POLARIZATION MATTER OF THE SCATTERING

T-Comm ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
Valery Yu. Pozdyshev ◽  
◽  
Sergey V. Yakubovskiy ◽  
Alexey V. Zyuzin ◽  
Alexander V. Timoshenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scattering Matrix ◽  
Radar System ◽  
Noise Masking ◽  
Active Noise ◽  
Useful Signal ◽  
Masking Interference ◽  
Radar Targets ◽  
Polarization Scattering Matrix ◽  
Decisive Rule ◽  
Polarization Matrix

The article discusses the possibility of detecting radar targets moving under the cover of active noise masking interference, acting along the main lobe of the antenna system's radiation pattern, and also using self-covering noise. It is shown that in radar stations with full polarization sounding of the space and measurement of the polarization scattering matrix (PSM), it is possible to synthesize a decisive rule for target detection against active noise-free correlated interference. This synthesis is possible on the basis of the determinant of the polarization scattering matrix, the value of which has the properties of invariance to the form of the polarization scattering vector. The analysis of the determinant of the polarization scattering matrix in the conditions of measuring its elements against the background of active interference makes it possible to identify differences in the values of the determinant under conditions of presence and absence of a target in the volume of space allowed by the radar system. In this case, the value of the determinant becomes the main information feature. A distinctive feature of the detector is the invariance to the form of the polarization scattering vector. The detector synthesis is based on differences in the signals of the secondary and primary radiation, which appear at the output of the PSM meter, namely, on the properties of the determinant of the polarization matrix of the scattering of the object and the signal received from the source of active interference. The purpose of the article is to illustrate the differences in the properties of the polarization scattering matrix at the output of the PSM meter in the presence of active interference and / or a useful signal, as well as the possibilities of using the existing differences in the properties of PSM and their estimates in the presence of active interference for the synthesis of a radar detector.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document