Highly independent olfactory receptor sites for naturally occurring bile acids in the sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus

1997 ◽  
Vol 180 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Li ◽  
P. W. Sorensen
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acids ◽  
Olfactory Receptor ◽  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Receptor Sites

Neuronal nitric oxide synthase-like immunoreactivity in olfactory epithelium throughout the life cycle of the sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus L.

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong N Hua ◽  
Aliya U Zaidi ◽  
Barbara S Zielinski
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Olfactory Epithelium ◽  
Olfactory Receptor ◽  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
Olfactory Receptor Neurons ◽  
Receptor Neurons ◽  
Oxide Synthase

This study is the first to show that neuronal nitric oxide synthase-like immunoreactivity is located in the olfactory epithelium at all developmental stages of a vertebrate. Western immunoblotting of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus L.) olfactory mucosa with a monoclonal antibody against the NADPH-binding epitope of neuronal nitric oxide synthase showed that the molecular mass of this protein was 200 kDa. In the larval stage, neuronal nitric oxide synthase-like immunoreactivity was strongest in the basal region of the olfactory epithelium, the site of proliferating olfactory receptor neurons. This staining gradually diminished as the life cycle progressed. In the juvenile stage, the intensity of neuronal nitric oxide synthase-like immunoreactivity was striking in the wide cell bodies and dendrites on olfactory receptor neurons. These results confirm previous evidence that nitric oxide modulates development in the olfactory epithelium.

Direct behavioral evidence that unique bile acids released by larval sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) function as a migratory pheromone

2000 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rickard Bjerselius ◽  
Weiming Li ◽  
John H Teeter ◽  
James G Seelye ◽  
Peter B Johnsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Behavioral Experiments ◽  
Mature Adults ◽  
Larval Pheromone ◽  
Adult Lamprey

Four behavioral experiments conducted in both the laboratory and the field provide evidence that adult sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) select spawning rivers based on the odor of larvae that they contain and that bile acids released by the larvae are part of this pheromonal odor. First, when tested in a recirculating maze, migratory adult lamprey spent more time in water scented with larvae. However, when fully mature, adults lost their responsiveness to larvae and preferred instead the odor of mature individuals. Second, when tested in a flowing stream, migratory adults swam upstream more actively when the water was scented with larvae. Third, when migratory adults were tested in a laboratory maze containing still water, they exhibited enhanced swimming activity in the presence of a 0.1 nM concentration of the two unique bile acids released by larvae and detected by adult lamprey. Fourth, when adults were exposed to this bile acid mixture within flowing waters, they actively swam into it. Taken together, these data suggest that adult lamprey use a bile acid based larval pheromone to help them locate spawning rivers and that responsiveness to this cue is influenced by current flow, maturity, and time of day. Although the precise identity and function of the larval pheromone remain to be fully elucidated, we believe that this cue will ultimately prove useful as an attractant in sea lamprey control.

scholarly journals The olfactory system of migratory adult sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) is specifically and acutely sensitive to unique bile acids released by conspecific larvae.

1995 ◽  
Vol 105 (5) ◽  
pp. 569-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Li ◽  
P W Sorensen ◽  
D D Gallaher
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acids ◽  
Olfactory System ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
Sulfate Ester ◽  
Mature Adults ◽  
Freshwater Streams ◽  
Petromyzonol Sulfate ◽  
Receptor Sites ◽  
Cross Adaptation

Larval sea lamprey inhabit freshwater streams and migrate to oceans or lakes to feed after a radical metamorphosis; subsequently, mature adults return to streams to spawn. Previous observations suggested that lamprey utilize the odor of conspecific larvae to select streams for spawning. Here we report biochemical and electrophysiological evidence that this odor is comprised of two unique bile acids released by larvae. High performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry demonstrated that larval sea lamprey produce and release two unique bile acids, allocholic acid (ACA) and petromyzonol sulfate (PS). Electro-olfactogram (EOG) recording also demonstrated that the olfactory system of migratory adult sea lamprey is acutely and specifically sensitive to ACA and PS; detection thresholds for these compounds were approximately 10(-12) M. ACA and PS were the most potent of 38 bile acids tested and cross-adaptation experiments suggested that adult sea lamprey have specific olfactory receptor sites associated with independent signal transduction pathways for these bile acids. These receptor sites specifically recognize the key substituents of ACA and PS such as a 5 alpha-hydrogen, three axial hydroxyls, and a C-24 sulfate ester or carboxyl. In conclusion, the unique lamprey bile acids, ACA and PS, are potent and specific stimulants of the adult olfactory system, strongly supporting the hypothesis that these unique bile acids function as migratory pheromones in lamprey.

scholarly journals Bile acids as potential pheromones in pintado catfish Pseudoplatystoma corruscans (Spix & Agassiz, 1829): eletrophysiological and behavioral studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Percília Cardoso Giaquinto ◽  
Rodrigo Egydio Barreto ◽  
Gilson Luiz Volpato ◽  
Marisa Fernandes-de-Castilho ◽  
Eliane Gonçalves-de-Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acids ◽  
Olfactory Epithelium ◽  
Olfactory Receptor ◽  
Taurocholic Acid ◽  
Behavioral Studies ◽  
Receptor Sites ◽  
Cross Adaptation ◽  
Preference Tests

Bile acids are potent olfactory and gustatory stimulants for fish. Electro-olfactogram recording was used to test whether the olfactory epithelium of pintado catfish Pseudoplatystoma corruscans is specifically sensitive to bile acids, some of which have been hypothesized to function as pheromones. Five out of 30 bile acids that had been pre-screened for olfactory activity in fish were selected. Cross-adaptation experiments demonstrated that sensitivity to bile acids is attributable to at least 3 independent classes of olfactory receptor sites. The taurocholic acid (TCA) and taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCD) were the most potent compounds. By using avoidance/preference tests, we found that P. corruscans prefers water containing TCA. Bile acids are discriminated by olfactory epithelium of pintado, supporting that these compounds could function as pheromones.

Classification of Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) Attack Marks on Great Lakes Lake Trout (Salvelinus namaycush)

1980 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 1989-2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Everett Louis King Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Lake Trout ◽  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Attachment Site ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
Salvelinus Namaycush ◽  
Oral Disc ◽  
Field Assessment ◽  
Sea Lampreys

Criteria for the classification of marks inflicted by sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) into nine categories were developed from laboratory studies in an attempt to refine the classification system used in field assessment work. These criteria were based on characteristics of the attachment site that could be identified under field conditions by unaided visual means and by touching the attachment site. Healing of these marks was somewhat variable and was influenced by the size of lamprey, duration of attachment, severity of the wound at lamprey detachment, season and water temperature, and by other less obvious factors. Even under laboratory conditions staging of some wounds was difficult, especially at low water temperatures. If these criteria are to be used effectively and with precision in the field, close examination of individual fish may be required. If the feeding and density of specific year-classes of sea lampreys are to be accurately assessed on an annual basis, close attention to the wound size (as it reflects the size of the lamprey's oral disc) and character of wounds on fish will be required as well as consideration of the season of the year in which they are observed.Key words: sea lamprey, attack marks, lake trout, Great Lakes

Evidence that 3-keto petromyzonol sulphate specifically attracts ovulating female sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus

2005 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 1037-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Siefkes ◽  
Scott R. Winterstein ◽  
Weiming Li
Keyword(s):  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Sea Lamprey
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