Spatiotemporal characteristics and synchronization of extreme rainfall in South America with focus on the Andes Mountain range

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 601-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niklas Boers ◽  
Bodo Bookhagen ◽  
Norbert Marwan ◽  
Jürgen Kurths
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Spatiotemporal Characteristics ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Andes Mountain

ASPECTS OF GEODIVERSITY IN THE WEST OF ACRE STATE - BRAZIL

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-10
Author(s):  
FRANK OLIVEIRA ARCOS ◽  
ELISANDRA MOREIRA DE LIRA ◽  
HILZA DOMINGOS SILVA DOS SANTOS ARCOS
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
The State ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
The West ◽  
Natural Heritage ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Andes Mountain

Geodiversity is associated with aspects of geoconservation, natural geological and hydrogeomorphological heritage in each morphoclimatic domain in Brazil. In the Amazon domain, such aspects have been forged in an environment of sedimentary origin since the Cretaceous, identified in the Rio Branco, Juruá-Mirim, Moa and Jaquirana mountains, composed predominantly of sandstones and siltstones. The Serra do Divisor National Park (PNSD) is located in the state of Acre, on the border with Peru and the Andes mountain range. The region has a natural heritage and a geological-geomorphological structure, where waterfalls, caves, valleys and high hills are found, endogenous to the site. The general objective of this article is to present elements of the Geodiversity of the Serra do Divisor National Park (PNSD) focused on the category of geotourism aiming at dissemination at regional, national and international levels.

scholarly journals High altitude headaches in climbers of Mount Aconcagua in the Andes Mountain range

2015 ◽  
Vol 357 ◽  
pp. e170-e171
Author(s):  
A. Marengo ◽  
L.J. Zavala ◽  
H.A. Zavala ◽  
B.B. Saravia
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Andes Mountain

Parochodaeus bituberculatus (Erichson) (Coleoptera: Ochodaeidae) and Faargia gentilii (Martínez) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), two species newly discovered in Chile

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4608 (1) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
JOSÉ MONDACA ◽  
ANDRÉS FIERRO ◽  
SERGIO ROTHMANN
Keyword(s):  
Andes Mountains ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
The West ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Andes Mountain ◽  
Scarab Beetles

The presence in Chile of scarab beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) described originally from Peru and Argentina have been reported previously, as a result of the distributional corridors through passes in the Andes Mountains (Gutiérrez 1947, 1950; Roig-Juñent et al. 2005; Ruiz-Manzanos 2006; Mondaca 2011). The purpose of this paper is to report the presence of Parochodaeus bituberculatus (Erichson, 1847) (Coleoptera: Ochodaeidae: Ochodaeinae: Ochodaeini) and Faargia gentilii (Martínez, 1975) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Tanyproctini) in Chile, expanding the distribution of the second species to the west of the Andes Mountain range. The presence of both species in Chile is not surprising, due to the similarity of habitats in the collection areas with neighboring localities in Peru and Argentina. 

scholarly journals Origin and Dissemination across the Colombian Andes Mountain Range of Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine Resistance in Plasmodium falciparum

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 3121-3125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Corredor ◽  
Claribel Murillo ◽  
Diego F. Echeverry ◽  
Julie Benavides ◽  
Richard J. Pearce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Northwest Pacific ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Triple Mutant ◽  
Infected People ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Colombian Andes ◽  
Andes Mountain ◽  
Parasite Populations

ABSTRACT The therapeutic efficacy of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) in treating uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria is unevenly distributed in Colombia. The Andes mountain range separates regions in the west where malaria is endemic from those in the east and constitutes a barrier against gene flow and the dispersal of parasite populations. The distribution of dhfr and dhps genotypes of 146 P. falciparum samples from the eastern Amazon and Orinoco basins and Northwest and Southwest Pacific regions of Colombia was consistent with the documented levels of therapeutic efficacy of SP. The diversity of four dhfr- and dhps-linked microsatellites indicated that double- and triple-mutant alleles for both resistance loci have a single origin. Likewise, multilocus association genotypes, including two unlinked microsatellite loci, suggested that genetic exchanges between the eastern Orinoco and Northwest Pacific populations has taken place across the Andes, most probably via migration of infected people.

scholarly journals Convective Initiation near the Andes in Subtropical South America

2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (6) ◽  
pp. 2351-2374 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Rasmussen ◽  
R. A. Houze
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Convective Initiation ◽  
Convective Systems ◽  
Topographic Features ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Mesoscale Convective ◽  
Lee Cyclogenesis ◽  
Satellite Radar

Abstract Satellite radar and radiometer data indicate that subtropical South America has some of the deepest and most extreme convective storms on Earth. This study uses the full 15-yr TRMM Precipitation Radar dataset in conjunction with high-resolution simulations from the Weather Research and Forecasting Model to better understand the physical factors that control the climatology of high-impact weather in subtropical South America. The occurrence of intense storms with an extreme horizontal dimension is generally associated with lee cyclogenesis and a strengthening South American low-level jet (SALLJ) in the La Plata basin. The orography of the Andes is critical, and model sensitivity calculations removing and/or reducing various topographic features indicate the orographic control on the initiation of convection and its upscale growth into mesoscale convective systems (MCSs). Reduced Andes experiments show more widespread convective initiation, weaker average storm intensity, and more rapid propagation of the MCS to the east (reminiscent of the MCS life cycle downstream of lower mountains such as the Rockies). With reduced Andes, lee cyclogenesis and SALLJ winds are weaker, while they are stronger in increased Andes runs. The presence of the Sierras de Córdoba (secondary mountain range east of the Andes in Argentina) focuses convective initiation and results in more intense storms in experiments with higher Andes. Average CAPE and CIN values for each terrain modification simulation show that reduced Andes runs had lower CIN and CAPE, while increased Andes runs had both stronger CAPE and CIN. From this research, a conceptual model for convective storm environments leading to convective initiation has been developed for subtropical South America.

scholarly journals Bioavailable Strontium, Human Paleogeography, and Migrations in the Southern Andes: A Machine Learning and GIS Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramiro Barberena ◽  
Marcelo Cardillo ◽  
Gustavo Lucero ◽  
Petrus J. le Roux ◽  
Augusto Tessone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Human Remains ◽  
Human Migration ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Southern Andes ◽  
Isotopic Signatures ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Biogeographical Region

The Andes are a unique geological and biogeographic feature of South America. From the perspective of human geography, this mountain range provides ready access to highly diverse altitudinally arranged ecosystems. The combination of a geologically and ecologically diverse landscape provides an exceptional context to explore the potential of strontium isotopes to track the movements of people and the conveyance of material culture. Here we develop an isotopic landscape of bioavailable strontium (87Sr/86Sr) that is applied to reconstruct human paleogeography across time in the southern Andes of Argentina and Chile (31°–34°S). These results come from a macro-regional sampling of rodents (N = 65) and plants (N = 26) from modern and archeological contexts. This “Southern Andean Strontium Transect” extends over 350 km across the Andes, encompassing the main geological provinces between the Pacific coast (Chile) and the eastern lowlands (Argentina). We follow a recently developed approach to isoscape construction based on Random Forest regression and GIS analysis. Our results suggest that bioavailable strontium is tightly linked with bedrock geology and offers a highly resolved proxy to track human paleogeography involving the levels of territories or daily mobility and anomalous events that disrupt home ranges, such as migration. The southern Andes provide an ideal geological setting to develop this approach, since the geological variation in rock age and composition produces distinctive isotopic signatures for each main biogeographical region. Finally, we apply this framework to a set of results from human remains from the Uspallata Valley in Mendoza (Argentina), to assess the incidence of migration in the key period of the consolidation of agropastoral economies between AD 800 and 1400. The application of the isoscape to the values from human remains confirms the persistence of human groups with relatively restricted territories encompassing Uspallata and the adjacent Precordillera between AD 800 and 1500. We also identify a pulse of human migration between AD 1280 and 1420, shortly preceding the Inka conquest. Looking forward, we expect to converge with ongoing efforts in South America to build a continental research framework to track the movement of people, animals, and artifacts across space and time.

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