Neurocognitive functioning in the early stages of bipolar disorder: visual backward masking performance in high risk subjects

AbstractBackgroundIn visual backward masking (VBM), a target is followed by a mask that decreases target discriminability. Schizophrenia patients (SZ) show strong and reproducible masking impairments, which are associated with reduced EEG amplitudes. Patients with bipolar disorder (BP) show masking deficits, too. Here, we investigated the neural EEG correlates of VBM in BP.Methods122 SZ, 94 unaffected controls, and 38 BP joined a standard VBM experiment. 123 SZ, 94 unaffected controls and 16 BP joined a corresponding EEG experiment, analyzed in terms of the global field power.ResultsAs in previous studies, SZ and BP show strong masking deficits. Importantly and similarly to SZ, BP show decreased global field power amplitudes at approximately 200 ms after the target onset, compared to controls.ConclusionsThese results suggest that VBM deficits are not specific for schizophrenia but for a broader range of functional psychoses. Potentially, both SZ and BP show deficient target enhancement.

Download Full-text

Electrophysiological correlates of visual backward masking in patients with bipolar disorder

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging ◽

10.1016/j.pscychresns.2020.111206 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 307 ◽

pp. 111206

Author(s):

Simona Garobbio ◽

Maya Roinishvili ◽

Ophélie Favrod ◽

Janir Ramos da Cruz ◽

Eka Chkonia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Backward Masking ◽

Visual Backward Masking

Download Full-text

A pilot study of visual backward masking performance among affected versus unaffected offspring of parents with bipolar disorder

Bipolar Disorders ◽

10.1111/j.1399-5618.2004.00133.x ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 374-378 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Glenda M MacQueen ◽

Paul Grof ◽

Martin Alda ◽

Michael Marriott ◽

L Trevor Young ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Backward Masking ◽

Visual Backward Masking

Download Full-text

Adolescent substance use disorder during the early stages of bipolar disorder: A prospective high-risk study

Journal of Affective Disorders ◽

10.1016/j.jad.2012.04.010 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 142 (1-3) ◽

pp. 57-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Anne Duffy ◽

Julie Horrocks ◽

Robert Milin ◽

Sarah Doucette ◽

Greg Persson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Substance Use ◽

High Risk ◽

Substance Use Disorder ◽

Adolescent Substance Use ◽

Adolescent Substance ◽

Early Stages

Download Full-text

P.300 Neurocognitive endophenotypes for bipolar disorder identified by visual backward masking and wisconsin card sorting test

European Neuropsychopharmacology ◽

10.1016/j.euroneuro.2020.09.225 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 40 ◽

pp. S172

Author(s):

E. Machavariani ◽

E. Chkonia

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ◽

Backward Masking ◽

Card Sorting ◽

Wisconsin Card Sorting ◽

Visual Backward Masking ◽

Sorting Test

Download Full-text

Backward masking task performance in stable, euthymic out-patients with bipolar disorder

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291701004597 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 31 (7) ◽

pp. 1269-1277 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

G. M. MACQUEEN ◽

L. T. YOUNG ◽

T. M. GALWAY ◽

R. T. JOFFE

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Target Stimulus ◽

Burden Of Illness ◽

Reaction Times ◽

Error Rates ◽

Neural Pathways ◽

Backward Masking ◽

Treatment Status ◽

Dsm Iv ◽

Visual Backward Masking

Background. Several studies have suggested that visual backward masking (VBM) impairment is present in patients with bipolar disorder, but the clinical features, such as current symptoms, treatment status and past burden of illness that may contribute to the impairment have not been well described. This study examined well-characterized euthymic patients on two VBM tasks to ascertain the extent of VBM impairment in this group and the clinical correlates of this impairment.Method. Twenty-eight euthymic patients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of bipolar disorder were matched by age, sex and IQ with 28 non-psychiatric control subjects. Both groups completed two VBM tasks; one required subjects to locate the target stimulus, one required identification of the target stimulus. Reaction times and error rates across a range of target-mask inter-stimulus intervals were assessed.Results. Patients were significantly slower and had more errors on both VBM tasks. There was a significant relation between reaction times on the identification task and past burden of illness, particularly past number of depressions. There was no discernible impact of treatment status on reaction time or performance, including no difference in lithium-treated versus not treated subjects.Conclusions. These results are consistent with previous reports of neuropsychological deficits in euthymic bipolar disorder patients. The potential benefit to employing tasks such as VBM is that it may provide a method for relating clinical variables such as illness burden with known neural pathways in order to elucidate better the pathophysiology leading to impaired cognitive performance in patients with bipolar disorder.

Download Full-text

Faculty Opinions recommendation of Effect of divalproex on brain morphometry, chemistry, and function in youth at high-risk for bipolar disorder: a pilot study.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1163697.625473 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Jean Frazier

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Pilot Study ◽

High Risk ◽

Brain Morphometry ◽

And Function

Download Full-text

The functional impairment of different subtypes and occupational states in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder

BMC Psychiatry ◽

10.1186/s12888-021-03242-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Xinyu Liu ◽

Xiaojuan Ma ◽

Wenchen Wang ◽

Jian Zhang ◽

Xia Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Social Functioning ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Verbal Learning ◽

Occupational Status ◽

Learning Performance ◽

Neurocognitive Functioning ◽

Type I ◽

Speed Of Processing ◽

Occupational Functioning

Abstract Background The aim was to explore the associations between clinical symptoms, demographic variables, social and neurocognitive functioning in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder (BD) stratified by subgroups of DSM-IV BD (type I (BD-I) and type II (BD-II)) and occupational status (employed/unemployed), and to highlight the significance of occupational status when assessing social and neurocognitive functioning in euthymic BD patients. Methods A total of 81 euthymic BD patients were participated in the study. The severity of the depressive and manic/hypomanic symptoms was measured using the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-17) and the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), respectively. Social functioning and neurocognitive functioning were evaluated by the Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST) and neurocognitive measures, respectively. Results Employed BD patients displayed greater social functioning (autonomy, occupational functioning, interpersonal relationship domain) and better verbal learning performance and speed of processing than unemployed BD patients. The correlation between neurocognitive functioning and social functioning was stronger in the employed group than in the unemployed group. There were no significant differences in neurocognitive and social functioning between the BD-I and BD-II groups, and the correlation between neurocognitive functioning and social functioning was similar between the BD-I and BD-II groups. Conclusion Employed BD patients may present greater occupational functioning and interpersonal relationships, as well as better verbal learning performance and speed of processing.

Download Full-text