scholarly journals Mapping the neuroanatomy of functional decline in Alzheimer’s disease from basic to advanced activities of daily living

2019 ◽  
Vol 266 (6) ◽  
pp. 1310-1322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Slachevsky ◽  
Gonzalo Forno ◽  
Paulo Barraza ◽  
Eneida Mioshi ◽  
Carolina Delgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Functional Decline

Annualized Decline in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Is Slower in Hispanics Compared to Non-Hispanics in an Alzheimer’s Disease Sample

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 855-855
Author(s):  
E Smith ◽  
J Schaffert ◽  
C LoBue ◽  
J Hart ◽  
H Rossetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Longitudinal Change ◽  
Hispanic Origin ◽  
Instrumental Activities

Abstract Objective Research examining the course of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in Hispanics is lacking. This study examined demographic, psychiatric, cognitive, and genetic predictors of longitudinal functional change in Hispanics and non-Hispanics with AD. Method Longitudinal change in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) was examined over 10 years (M = 4.15 years) in 292 subjects (Hispanic = 67, non-Hispanic = 225). All were part of the Texas Alzheimer’s Research & Care Consortium and included those with AD (n = 217) and those with mild cognitive impairment at baseline who progressed to AD at follow-up (n = 75). Baseline comparisons were conducted between ethnic groups for demographics, Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-30) score, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score, presence of apolipoprotein ɛ4 alleles (APOE4), and annualized IADL change scores and then entered into a multiple linear regression model as predictors of annualized IADL change. Results The Hispanic group had significantly more females (χ2 = 5.71, p = .017), lower education [MH = 9.96(4.39), MNH = 15.26(2.70)], higher depression scores [GDS-30; MH = 9.45(5.89), MNH = 5.51(4.29)], lower MMSE scores [MH = 23.31(4.33), MNH = 24.65(3.21)], and slower annualized IADL change [MH = 1.19(1.42), MNH = 2.02(1.60)]. Regression results were significant (F = 3.66, p = .001, R2 = .08 ), with higher baseline MMSE (p = .007) and Hispanic origin (p = .010) predicting slower annualized IADL change. Demographics, APOE4 status, and depression did not significantly predict IADL change. Conclusions Higher cognitive functioning at baseline and Hispanic origin was associated with slower functional decline over an average 4-year period of time. Despite having lower MMSE scores at baseline, greater depression, and less education, the Hispanic group had a slower decline in IADLs compared to non-Hispanics. Further research is needed to better understand how/why Hispanic origin is associated with slower functional decline.

scholarly journals Hippocampal subfields and decline in activities of daily living in Alzheimer’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 357-367
Author(s):  
Miguel Germán Borda ◽  
Alberto Jaramillo-Jimenez ◽  
Diego A Tovar-Rios ◽  
Daniel Ferreira ◽  
Elkin Garcia-Cifuentes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Dementia With Lewy Bodies ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images

Background: Hippocampal atrophy is presented in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Cognition, dual-tasks, muscular function, goal-related behaviors and neuropsychiatric symptoms are linked to hippocampal volumes and may lead to functional decline in activities of daily living. We examined the association between baseline hippocampal subfield volumes (HSv) in mild AD and DLB, and functional decline. Materials & methods: 12 HSv were computed from structural magnetic resonance images using Freesurfer 6.0 segmentation. Functional decline was assessed using the rapid disability rating scale score. Linear regressions were conducted. Results: In AD, HSv were smaller bilaterally. However, HSv were not associated with functional decline. Conclusion: Functional decline does not depend on HSv in mild AD and DLB.

scholarly journals Cognitive, functional and behavioral assessment: Alzheimer's disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia L.F. Chaves ◽  
Claudia C. Godinho ◽  
Claudia S. Porto ◽  
Leticia Mansur ◽  
Maria Teresa Carthery-Goulart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Behavioral Assessment ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia

Abstract A review of the evidence on cognitive, functional and behavioral assessment for the diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimer's disease (AD) is presented with revision and broadening of the recommendations on the use of tests and batteries in Brazil for the diagnosis of dementia due to AD. A systematic review of the literature (MEDLINE, LILACS and SCIELO database) was carried out by a panel of experts. Studies on the validation and/or adaptation of tests, scales and batteries for the Brazilian population were analyzed and classified according to level of evidence. There were sufficient data to recommend the IQCODE, DAFS-R, DAD, ADL-Q and Bayer scale for the evaluation of instrumental activities of daily living, and the Katz scale for the assessment of basic activities of daily living. For the evaluation of neuropsychiatric symptoms, the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) and the CAMDEX were found to be useful, as was the Cornell scale for depression in dementia. The Mini-Mental State Examination has clinical utility as a screening test, as do the multifunctional batteries (CAMCOG-R, ADAS-COG, CERAD and MDRS) for brief evaluations of several cognitive domains. There was sufficient evidence to recommend the CDR scale for clinical and severity assessment of dementia. Tests for Brazilian Portuguese are recommended by cognitive domain based on available data.

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