Evaluation of retinal vasculature before and after treatment of children with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome by optical coherence tomography angiography

Objective. The aim of this study was to compare the differences in thyroid hormone, intelligence, attention, and quality of life (QoL) of children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) before and after endoscopic adenoidectomy.Method. A total of 35 OSAHS children (21 males and 14 females with a mean age of6.81±1.08years) were included in this study for analyzing the levels of thyroid hormone, intelligence, attention, and QoL. There were 22 children underwent endoscopic adenoidectomy with bilateral tonsillectomy (BT), while the other 13 children who underwent endoscopic adenoidectomy without bilateral tonsillectomy without BT.Results. Our results revealed no significant difference in serum free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in OSAHS children before and after endoscopic adenoidectomy (allP>0.05). However, there were significant differences in full-scale intelligence quotient (FIQ) (92.45±5.88versus106.23±7.39,P<0.001), verbal intelligence quotient (VIQ) (94.17±15.01versus103.91±9.74,P=0.006), and performance intelligence quotient (PIQ) (94.12±11.04versus104.31±10.05,P=0.001), attention (98.48±8.74versus106.87±8.58,P<0.001), and total OSA-18 scores (87.62±17.15versus46.61±10.15,P<0.001) between before and after endoscopic adenoidectomy in OSAHS children.Conclusion. Our findings provided evidence that the intelligence, attention, and QoL of OSAHS children may be significantly improved after endoscopic adenoidectomy.

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Response to letter to editor “Optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings in obstructive sleep apnea” by Piotr Kanclerz

Sleep Medicine Reviews ◽

10.1016/j.smrv.2018.08.007 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

pp. 232-233

Author(s):

Marielle Mentek ◽

Florent Aptel ◽

Diane Godin-Ribuot ◽

Renaud Tamisier ◽

Jean-Louis Pepin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Sleep Apnea ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Obstructive Sleep

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Response Shift in Perception of Sleepiness in Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome Before and After Treatment with Nasal CPAP

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/27.3.490 ◽

2004 ◽

Keyword(s):

Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽

Sleep Apnea ◽

Response Shift ◽

Nasal Cpap ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Before And After ◽

Hypopnea Syndrome

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Application of IoT-based medical diagnosis and treatment in patients with obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome in primary hospitals: A preliminary study

Traditional Medicine and Modern Medicine ◽

10.1142/s257590001850012x ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 01 (03) ◽

pp. 207-212

Author(s):

Yuhua Wu ◽

Jian Zhou ◽

Jing Li ◽

Jie Liu ◽

Shanqun Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽

Sleep Apnea ◽

Medical Technology ◽

Diagnosis And Treatment ◽

Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽

Medical Monitoring ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Before And After ◽

Preliminary Study ◽

Hypopnea Syndrome

Objective: To conduct a preliminary study of the hierarchical diagnosis and treatment of patients with obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) using the Internet of Things (IoT) medical technology and to explore the feasibility of the hierarchical diagnosis, treatment, and management of OSAHS patients using IoT medicine in primary hospitals. Methods: The IoT technology and a remote medical monitoring system were used to observe and compare the respiratory and sleep parameters before and after a three-month intervention in 47 patients with OSAHS who met the diagnostic criteria and were selected in the Kashgar region. All parameters were compared based on the severity (mild, moderate, and severe) of OSAHS. Results: The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score, apnea–hypopnea index (AHI), and nighttime minimum oxygen saturation (lowest SaO2min) improved in patients with OSAHS from before to after treatment ([Formula: see text]). The improvements were more profound in OSAHS patients with cardiovascular disease such as hypertension. Conclusion: The IoT medical technology can help to hierarchically diagnose, treat, and manage patients with OSAHS. It is feasible for primary hospitals in rural regions to use the IoT technology for the hierarchical diagnosis and treatment of OSAHS patients.

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Relationship between surface tension of upper airway lining liquid and upper airway collapsibility during sleep in obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.00488.2003 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 95 (5) ◽

pp. 1761-1766 ◽

Cited By ~ 64

Author(s):

Jason P. Kirkness ◽

Melanie Madronio ◽

Rosie Stavrinou ◽

John R. Wheatley ◽

Terence C. Amis

Keyword(s):

Surface Tension ◽

Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽

Sleep Apnea ◽

Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽

Upper Airway ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Before And After ◽

Posterior Pharynx ◽

Hypopnea Syndrome ◽

Disordered Breathing

Lowering surface tension (γ) of upper airway lining liquid (UAL) reduces upper airway opening (anesthetized humans) and closing (anesthetized rabbits) pressures. We now hypothesize that in sleeping obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) patients lowering γ of UAL will enhance upper airway stability and decrease the severity of sleep-disordered breathing. Nine OSAHS patients [respiratory disturbance index (RDI): 49 ± 8 (SE) events/h, diagnostic night] participated in a two-part, one-night, polysomnography study. In the first part, upper airway closing pressures (during non-rapid eye movement sleep, Pcrit) were measured and samples of UAL (awake) were obtained before and after 2.5 ml of surfactant (Exosurf, Glaxo Smith Kline) was instilled into the posterior pharynx. The γ of UAL was determined with the use of the “pull-off” force technique. In the second part, subjects received a second application of 2.5 ml of surfactant and then slept the remainder of the night (205 ± 30 min). Instillation of surfactant decreased the γ of UAL from 60.9 ± 3.1 mN/m (control) to 45.2 ± 2.5 mN/m (surfactant group) ( n = 9, P < 0.001). Pcrit decreased from 1.19 ± 1.14 cmH2O (control) to -0.56 ± 1.15 cmH2O (surfactant group) ( n = 7, P < 0.02). Compared with the second half of diagnostic night, surfactant decreased RDI from 51 ± 8 to 35 ± 8 events/h ( n = 9, P < 0.03). The fall in RDI (ΔRDI) correlated with the fall in γ of UAL (Δγ) (ΔRDI = 1.8 × Δγ, r = 0.68, P = 0.04). Hypopneas decreased ∼50% from 42 ± 8 to 20 ± 5 events/h ( n = 9, P < 0.03, paired t-test). The γ of UAL measured the next morning remained low at 49.5 ± 2.7 mN/m ( n = 9, P < 0.001, ANOVA, compared with control). In conclusion, instillation of surfactant reduced the γ of UAL in OSAHS patients and decreased Pcrit and the occurrence of hypopneas. Therapeutic manipulation of γ of UAL may be beneficial in reducing the severity of sleep-disordered breathing in OSAHS patients.

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Assessment of the Effectiveness of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment Using Optical Coherence Tomography to Evaluate Retinal Findings

10.20944/preprints202112.0284.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gloria Tejero-Garcés ◽

Francisco J Ascaso ◽

Paula Casas ◽

Maria I Adiego ◽

Peter Baptista ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Sleep Apnea ◽

Retinal Thickness ◽

Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽

University Hospital ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Fiber Layer ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Prospective Comparative Study

Retinal findings may change in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). The present study aims to evaluate several retinal findings such as macula layer thickness, peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer, and the optic nerve head in patients with OSAS using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and monitor the result of several types of treatment of OSAS with OCT. A prospective comparative study was designed. Patients were recruited at a Sleep Unit of a University Hospital and underwent comprehensive ophthalmological examinations. Following exclusion criteria, fifty-two patients with OSAS were finally included. Patients were examined by OCT twice: first, before treatment; secondly, after six months of treatment. In mild-moderate patients, where retinal swelling has been demonstrated, retinal thicknesses decreased [fovea (p=0.026), as well as inner ring macula (p=0.007), outer ring macula (p=0.015), and macular volume (p=0.015)]. In severe patients, where retinal atrophy had been observed, retinal thickness increased [fovea (p&lt;0.001)]. No statistically significant differences in efficacy between treatments were demonstrated. In conclusion, OCT can evaluate the retina in patients with OSAS and help monitor results after treatment. In severe OSAS, retinal thickness increased six months after treatment.

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