Dual-Task Balance Training for Motor Skill Development among Children with Intelligence Quotient Discrepancy

The motor skills of people with mental disabilities are reportedly reduced compared with those of their peers. Therefore, any task incorporating both motor and cognitive skills was hypothesized to provide better motor recovery. The aim of this study is to find the effect of dual-task balance training (DTBT) on motor skill development in children of 6–13 years with intelligence quotient discrepancy (IQD) (score: 50–79). Overall, 30 individuals with mental disabilities aged 6–13 years having an IQ score of 50–79 were included. The participants were randomly divided into two groups that received dual-task training and standard balance training, respectively. IQ was measured with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised, motor proficiency with the Bruininks–Oseretsky test, reaction time with COGNIBOARD, and balance with Functional Reach Test scores. Intervention was provided twice a week for 12 consecutive weeks. Participants in both groups showed higher test scores in all tests after the training program. Both training programs positively affected the motor performance of the participants. The DTBT was more effective in improving balance performance than the standard balance training. DTBT is a better tool than conventional balance training for improving motor skills and balance in children of 6–13 years with IQD (score: 50–79).

Effect of Vata Dosha on Intelligence Quotient and Emotional Quotient

According to Ayurveda the whole life processes are governed by the Tridosha i.e. Vata, Pitta and Kapha. Vata Dosha has been given prime importance because it is the primary force that motivates and mediates other Dosha, Dhatu and Mala for performing their functions in the body. Vata Dosha possesses various Guna. Based on such Guna it performs different Karma in the body. Vata control motor as well as sensory functions. It is a self-generating and self- propagating energy responsible for the regulation of almost all the activities in our body. It should be considered as an invisible force that is recognised through its functions. This paper aims at understanding the effect of Vata Dosha on Intelligence Quotient and Emotional Quotient. The word quotient means amount of a specified quality or characteristic. The characteristics of individuals are developed on the predominance of Dosha during intra-uterine life and it is mentioned in classical textbooks in Prakruti concepts. In the formation and maintenance of Deha Prakruti and Manasa Prakruti the role of Dosha is inevitable. Among the five types of Vata, Prana is responsible for controlling the functions of Buddhi and Manas, while Udana helps in recalling the past experiences.

THE EFFECTS OF INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT AND CRITICAL THINKING ABILITY TOWARDS STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILL

<p>This research is aimed at knowing the effect of intelligence quotient and critical thinking ability towards students’ speaking skill. The research methodology is quantitative research design with the use of a survey with multi-correlation technique using some samples from a number of population and using a test used for data collection. The number of the samples is two classes from two government colleges in Bogor, West Java. The result of the research shows that; 1). There is a significant effect of intelligence quotient and critical thinking ability towards students’ speaking skill at Government College in Bogor that was proven by the value of Sig. 0.000 &lt; 0.05 and Fobserved = 130.848. Both independent variables had given a contribution of 84.8% to the students’ speaking skill. 2). There is significant effect of intelligence quotient towards students’ speaking skill at Government College in Bogor that was proven by the value of Sig. 0.000 &lt; 0.05 and Tobserved = 4.884. 3). There is a significant effect of the critical thinking ability towards students’ speaking skill at Government College in Bogor that was proven by the value of Sig. 0.000 &lt; 0.05 and Tobserved = 4.382.</p><p><strong>Key Words: </strong>Intelligence Quotient; Critical Thinking; Speaking Skill.</p>

Association between Low Cognition and Low–income in Rural Pakistani Children

Objective: Numerous studies have concluded relationship of the childhood poverty to the impaired academic performance ultimately contributing to low wages and income in the adult life. Objective of this study was to assess the association between household income and the cognitive potential of children. Methodology: In this cross–sectional study, cognitive potential of 6 to 7 years old children (n=300) from a rural district of Pakistan was assessed through an indicator of the cognitive development called Intelligence Quotient (IQ) or Full Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ) which was calculated by utilizing fourth edition of the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI–IV). Data on the sociodemographic profile was collected through mother’s questionnaire. Results: Low cognitive potential or IQ of the rural Pakistani children was found to be associated with the low–income of the household. Conclusion: Early childhood development programmes in Pakistan ought to incorporate cognitive–stimulation strategies designed for the low–income children belonging to the rural place of residence in order to disrupt the transmission of poverty to the next generation. Keywords: poverty, rural, IQ, children, productivity, Pakistan, cognition, low–income, socioeconomic

THE PLACE OF INTELLIGENCE IN THE PRODUCTIVITY OF SMALL AND MEDIUM SCALE ENTERPRISES (SMEs): A SPIRITUAL INTELLIGENCE PARADIGM

For so long, intelligence quotient and to a greater extent, social intelligence has dominated organizational discussions on intelligence and its implication on performance. This study, however examined the place of spiritual intelligence on the productivity of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) in Southeast Nigeria. The study was anchored on the Theory of Rational Intelligence. A survey research design was adopted for the study, with a population of 400 SME owners. A census method was deployed for the work. The source of data was primary, and the analysis was done using simple regression, and hypothesis tested at a 5% level of significance. The result revealed that a 74% change in the innovative capabilities of SMEs is influenced by changes in ethical behaviour. The study, therefore, concluded that spiritual intelligence affects the productivity of SMEs in Southeast Nigeria. Hence, it was recommended among others that the owners of SMEs need to give their ethical conduct and behaviour an important place in their operations, as people will tend to trust and appreciate their innovativeness more, if they are seen to be spiritually intelligent. Keywords: Spiritual Intelligence, Small and Medium Scale Enterprises, Productivity, Innovative Capabilities and Ethical Behaviour.

Kabir Wealth Code: The combined effect of emotional awareness (EA) and intelligence quotient (IQ)

Background: Intelligence quotient (IQ) is a measure of intellectual ability of performing, comprehension, and learning. Previous studies reported that intelligence measures predict various measures of job performance and income. Emotional awareness (EA) is the measure of emotional capacity to recognize and make sense of one&rsquo;s emotions, as well as those of others. A high level of emotional awareness (EA) indicates one can learn from expressed emotions quickly. Both IQ and EA are important for personal and professional success.Objective: This study tests the hypothesis that the average national income rank is best predicted by the combined effect of the population's average intelligence quotient (one's ability to perform and learn) and emotional awareness (ability to recognize and make sense of emotions).Method: The population&rsquo;s average intelligence quotient (IQ), emotional awareness (EA), and indices of good governance, which include corruption perception index and educational expenses for each country, were obtained from public data sources. The outcome variable was per capita gross national income. All the variables that are statistically significant in univariate analysis were included in the multivariate regression analyses but excluded from the final model if not statistically significant.Result: The total number of countries included in the final analysis was 81 because of missing values in different variables. Intelligence quotient (IQ) and emotional awareness (EA) were found to be highly correlated, at 0.77 and 0.32 respectively, with the per capita gross national income. The independent effects of intelligence quotient (IQ) and emotional awareness (EA) were found significant in the multivariate model after adjusting for measures of good governance. The R square value for the final multivariate model was 0.82. The corruption perception index (CPI) and educational expenses were strongly correlated with other measures of good governance such as democracy index, functioning of government, electoral process and pluralism, political participation, and civil liberty, but these variables were found not significant in the multivariate model. Conclusion: The study concludes the effect of intelligence quotient (IQ) and emotional awareness (EA) are complementary to each other but intelligence quotient (IQ) is a stronger predictor than emotional awareness (EA) for gross national income or wealth. We also find that indicators of good governance, including corruption perception index and educational expenses, have important associations with per capita gross national income. This study implies a nation may build more wealth if the educational system focuses on developing emotional awareness in addition to intelligence. The study concludes the effect of intelligence quotient (IQ) and emotional awareness (EA) are complementary to each other but intelligence quotient (IQ) is a stronger predictor than emotional awareness (EA) for gross national income or wealth. We also find that indicators of good governance, including corruption perception index and educational expenses, have important associations with per capita gross national income. This study implies a nation may build more wealth if the educational system focuses on developing emotional awareness in addition to intelligence.

Head Size and Intelligence Quotient (IQ) in Elementary School Students

Superficially, Intelligence is an ability to planning, thinking, talking, rationalization, comparing, and understand with other. One of many methods to rate for intelligence, is Draw-A-Man test, it’s introduced by Goodenough in 1926 to researching children’s creativity, mental age, and visual and motoric intelligence with some code based on picture that the children drawed. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between head circumference and head length with Intelligence Quotient of the 3rd grade Karang Mekar 1 Banjarmasin elementary school’s student. The methodsof this study used observational analytics with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique was total sampling with a sample of 65 students aged 7 to 10 years and fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results of data analysis using the Spearman correlation test showed that the correlation point on the head circumference and head length with IQ were p=0.888 and p=0.985. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that there is no significant correlation between the the head circumference and head length with Intelligence Quotien in elementary student.

Wealth Code Unlocked: The Combined Effect of Emotional Intelligence and Intelligence Quotient

Background: Intelligence quotient (IQ) is a measure of intellectual ability of performing, comprehension, and learning. Previous studies reported that intelligence measures predict various measures of job performance and income. Emotional awareness (EA) is the measure of emotional capacity to recognize and make sense of one&rsquo;s emotions, as well as those of others. A high level of emotional awareness (EA) indicates one can learn from expressed emotions quickly. Both IQ and EA are important for personal and professional success. Objective: This study tests the hypothesis that the average national income rank is best predicted by the combined effect of the population's average intelligence quotient (one's ability to perform and learn) and emotional awareness (ability to recognize and make sense of emotions). Method: The population&rsquo;s average intelligence quotient (IQ), emotional awareness (EA), and indices of good governance, which include corruption perception index and educational expenses for each country, were obtained from public data sources. The outcome variable was per capita gross national income. All the variables that are statistically significant in univariate analysis were included in the multivariate regression analyses but excluded from the final model if not statistically significant. Result: The total number of countries included in the final analysis was 81 because of missing values in different variables. Intelligence quotient (IQ) and emotional awareness (EA) were found to be highly correlated, at 0.77 and 0.32 respectively, with the per capita gross national income. The independent effects of intelligence quotient (IQ) and emotional awareness (EA) were found significant in the multivariate model after adjusting for measures of good governance. The R square value for the final multivariate model was 0.82. The corruption perception index (CPI) and educational expenses were strongly correlated with other measures of good governance such as democracy index, functioning of government, electoral process and pluralism, political participation, and civil liberty, but these variables were found not significant in the multivariate model. Conclusion: The study concludes the effect of intelligence quotient (IQ) and emotional awareness (EA) are complementary to each other but intelligence quotient (IQ) is a stronger predictor than emotional awareness (EA) for gross national income or wealth. We also find that indicators of good governance, including corruption perception index and educational expenses, have important associations with per capita gross national income. This study implies a nation may build more wealth if the educational system focuses on developing emotional awareness in addition to intelligence.

Intelligence Quotient Outcome Following Epilepsy Surgery in Pediatric Age – A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

There is a deep-rooted correlation between refractory epilepsy in pediatric age and intelligence development. However, little is known about whether surgical procedures used in pediatric epilepsy treatment can affect Intelligence Quotient (IQ) or not. Factors that might influence postoperative IQ are also a matter of study in several articles. To tackle these issues, a systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted with the terms “epilepsy”, “epileptic”, “surgery”, “surgical”, “Wechsler Scale” and “intelligence tests” in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE and Clinical Trials.gov. A descriptive data synthesis was carried out to address each of the objectives and then a metaanalysis using a random effects model was conducted. A meta-regression was performed to ascertain possible factors that could influence postoperative IQ. The meta-analysis of the studies included found a mean difference between postoperative and preoperative full-scale IQ values of 1.014 standardized points (p < 0.001). Among all the articles regarding curative surgeries, only three reported an overall significant improvement in IQ after surgery. Regarding palliative procedures, both studies with anterior corpus callosotomy reported a significant improvement in full-scale IQ values two years after surgery. The meta-regression performed did not find any predictors of change in full-scale IQ.