Executive control processes of working memory predict attentional blink magnitude over and above storage capacity

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen M. Arnell ◽  
Kirk A. Stokes ◽  
Mary H. MacLean ◽  
Carleen Gicante
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Attentional Blink ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Attentional Blink Magnitude ◽  
Control Processes

scholarly journals Capacity, Control, or Both – Which Aspects of Working Memory Contribute to Children’s General Fluid Intelligence?

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Nęcka ◽  
Agata Lulewicz
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Capacity Control ◽  
Prepotent Response ◽  
Raven's Progressive Matrices

Abstract Starting from the assumption that working memory capacity is an important predictor of general fluid intelligence, we asked which aspects of working memory account for this relationship. Two theoretical stances are discussed. The first one posits that the important explanatory factor is storage capacity, roughly defined as the number of chunks possible to hold in the focus of attention. The second one claims that intelligence is explained by the efficiency of executive control, for instance, by prepotent response inhibition. We investigated 96 children at the age between 10 and 13. They completed a version of the n-back task that allows assessment of both storage capacity and inhibitory control. They also completed Raven’s Progressive Matrices as the fluid intelligence test and the Test for Creative Thinking - Drawing Production, for control purposes. We found that Raven’s scores correlated negatively with the number of unnecessary responses to irrelevant stimuli but they did not correlate with the number of signal detections. We conclude that children’s fluid intelligence depends on inhibitory control, with no relationship with storage capacity.

Transfer effects from working memory training to executive control processes

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Salminen ◽  
T. Strobach ◽  
C. Sorg ◽  
H. Muller ◽  
T. Schubert
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Working Memory Training ◽  
Memory Training ◽  
Transfer Effects ◽  
Control Processes

The Development of Nonverbal Working Memory and Executive Control Processes in Adolescents

2005 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 697-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Luciana ◽  
Heather M. Conklin ◽  
Catalina J. Hooper ◽  
Rebecca S. Yarger
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Control Processes

scholarly journals Capture and Control: Working Memory Modulates Attentional Capture by Reward-Related Stimuli

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 1174-1185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poppy Watson ◽  
Daniel Pearson ◽  
Michelle Chow ◽  
Jan Theeuwes ◽  
Reinout W. Wiers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Visual Search ◽  
Attentional Capture ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Control Processes ◽  
High Reward ◽  
Irrelevant Distractors ◽  
And Control

Physically salient but task-irrelevant distractors can capture attention in visual search, but resource-dependent, executive-control processes can help reduce this distraction. However, it is not only physically salient stimuli that grab our attention: Recent research has shown that reward history also influences the likelihood that stimuli will capture attention. Here, we investigated whether resource-dependent control processes modulate the effect of reward on attentional capture, much as for the effect of physical salience. To this end, we used eye tracking with a rewarded visual search task and compared performance under conditions of high and low working memory load. In two experiments, we demonstrated that oculomotor capture by high-reward distractor stimuli is enhanced under high memory load. These results highlight the role of executive-control processes in modulating distraction by reward-related stimuli. Our findings have implications for understanding the neurocognitive processes involved in real-life conditions in which reward-related stimuli may influence behavior, such as addiction.

Executive control processes in verbal and nonverbal working memory

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 147-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margot D. Sullivan ◽  
Yolanda Prescott ◽  
Devora Goldberg ◽  
Ellen Bialystok
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Proactive Interference ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Flanker Task ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Counting Task ◽  
Control Processes

Abstract Studies across the lifespan have revealed modifications in executive control (EC) from bilingualism, but studies of working memory (WM), a key aspect of EC, have produced varied results. Healthy older (M = 71.0 years) and younger participants (M = 21.1 years) who were monolingual or bilingual, performed working memory tasks that varied in their demands for EC. Tasks included a star counting task, a flanker task, and a nonverbal recent probe memory task. Bilinguals performed similarly to monolinguals on the star counting task after controlling for differences in vocabulary. Monolinguals were faster than bilinguals on the flanker task with only age group differences significant for the WM manipulation. Bilinguals were faster than monolinguals on the nonverbal recent probe memory task, particularly for the condition that included proactive interference. The interpretation is that better bilingual performance in nonverbal working memory tasks is linked to the need for executive control.

Chapter 8. Executive control processes in verbal and nonverbal working memory

2017 ◽  
pp. 161-183
Author(s):  
Margot D. Sullivan ◽  
Yolanda Prescott ◽  
Devora Goldberg ◽  
Ellen Bialystok
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Control Processes

Brain Structure and Functional Connectivity Associated with Individual Differences in the Attentional Blink

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 6224-6237
Author(s):  
Liqin Zhou ◽  
Zonglei Zhen ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
Ke Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Attentional Blink ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Structural Variations ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Temporoparietal Junction ◽  
The Individual

Abstract The attentional blink (AB) has been central in characterizing the limit of temporal attention and consciousness. The neural mechanism of the AB is still in hot debate. With a large sample size, we combined multiple behavioral tests, multimodal MRI measures, and transcranial magnetic stimulation to investigate the neural basis underlying the individual differences in the AB. We found that AB magnitude correlated with the executive control functioning of working memory (WM) in behavior, which was fully mediated by T1 performance. Structural variations in the right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ) and its intrinsic functional connectivity with the left inferior frontal junction (lIFJ) accounted for the individual differences in the AB, which was moderated by the executive control of working memory. Disrupting the function of the lIFJ attenuated the AB deficit. Our findings clarified the neural correlates of the individual differences in the AB and elucidated its relationship with the consolidation-driven inhibitory control process.

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