Molecular and serological investigations of the Influenza A(H1N1) 2009 pandemic virus in Turkey

2013 ◽  
Vol 202 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meral Akcay Ciblak ◽  
Mustafa Hasoksuz ◽  
Melis Kanturvardar ◽  
Serkan Asar ◽  
Selim Badur
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Pandemic Virus ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

scholarly journals Molecular detection of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses with M genes from human pandemic strains among Nigerian pigs, 2013–2015: implications and associated risk factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (16) ◽  
pp. 3345-3360 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. ADEOLA ◽  
B. O. OLUGASA ◽  
B. O. EMIKPE
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Scan Statistics ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Pandemic Virus ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Pandemic Strains ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Ibadan Nigeria

SUMMARYIn the post-pandemic period, influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus has been detected in swine populations in different parts of the world. This study was conducted to determine the presence and spatial patterns of this human pandemic virus among Nigerian pigs and identify associated risk factors. Using a two-stage stratified random sampling method, nasal swab specimens were obtained from pigs in Ibadan, Nigeria during the 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 influenza seasons, and the virus was detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Purified RT-PCR products were sequenced in both directions, and sequences were aligned using MUSCLE. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted in MEGA6. Purely spatial scan statistics and a spatial lag regression model were used to identify spatial clusters and associated risk factors. The virus was detected in both seasons, with an overall prevalence of 8·7%. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the M genes were similar to those of pandemic strains which circulated in humans prior to and during the study. Cluster analysis revealed a significant primary spatial cluster (RR = 4·71, LLR = 5·66,P= 0·0046), while ‘hours spent with pigs (R2= 0·90,P= 0·0018)’ and ‘hours spent with pigs from different farms (R2= 0·91,P= 0·0001)’ were identified as significant risk factors (P< 0·05). These findings reveal that there is considerable risk of transmission of the pandemic virus, either directly from pig handlers or through fomites, to swine herds in Ibadan, Nigeria. Active circulation of the virus among Nigerian pigs could enhance its reassortment with endemic swine influenza viruses. Campaigns for adoption of biosecurity measures in West African piggeries and abattoirs should be introduced and sustained in order to prevent the emergence of a new influenza epicentre in the sub-region.

scholarly journals The Influenza Situation in the World and the Epidemic in Russia in Season 2016 - 2017

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. S. Karpova ◽  
Y. M. Pelikh ◽  
K. A. Stolyarov
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Pandemic Virus ◽  
Database Research ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
The World ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
The City ◽  
Virus Influenza

Analysis of the situation for influenza in the world are drawn according to data published on the websites of the WHO, and the epidemic 2016 - 2017 in Russia - database «Research Influenza Institute» on the weekly morbidity, hospitalization, deaths from influenza in 61 observed the city. The influenza epidemic 2016 - 2017 started early, the duration of its in cities and in the country was longer and higher was the incidence of influenza and ARI in the cities and in the country than in the epidemic 2015 - 2016. But the epidemic of influenza A(H3N2) 2016 - 2017 there was less incidence morbidity at the peak, the frequency of hospitalization and, especially, mortality from influenza in the total population by 20 times, and in all age groups, especially among persons older than 65 years by 17.5 times, compared to the epidemic 2015 - 2016, caused by the pandemic virus influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. The peculiarities of the epidemic 2016 -17 according to the Federal districts, first of all, the absence of a second rise in the incidence of influenza in the South of Russia. The intensity of the epidemics of influenza A(H3N2) seasons 2016 - 17 and 2014 - 2015 - was average, and the epidemic A(H1N1) pdm09 2015 - 2016 - high. The case fatality rate in epidemics involving the influenza A(H3N2) remains significantly lower than in the epidemic caused by the pandemic virus influenza A(H1N1)pdm09.

scholarly journals Sequence Analysis of In Vivo Defective Interfering-Like RNA of Influenza A H1N1 Pandemic Virus

2013 ◽  
Vol 87 (14) ◽  
pp. 8064-8074 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Saira ◽  
X. Lin ◽  
J. V. DePasse ◽  
R. Halpin ◽  
A. Twaddle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
H1n1 Pandemic ◽  
Pandemic Virus ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

Hemolytic uremic syndrome triggered with a new pandemic virus: influenza A (H1N1)

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aysun Çaltik ◽  
Sare Gülfem Akyüz ◽  
Özlem Erdogan ◽  
Gülay Demircin
Keyword(s):  
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Pandemic Virus ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Virus Influenza

scholarly journals High frequency of cross-reacting antibodies against 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) virus among the elderly in Finland

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Ikonen ◽  
M Strengell ◽  
L Kinnunen ◽  
P Österlund ◽  
J Pirhonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
H1n1 Virus ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Spanish Influenza ◽  
Pandemic Virus ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

Since May 2009, the pandemic influenza A(H1N1) virus has been spreading throughout the world. Epidemiological data indicate that the elderly are underrepresented among the ill individuals. Approximately 1,000 serum specimens collected in Finland in 2004 and 2005 from individuals born between 1909 and 2005, were analysed by haemagglutination-inhibition test for the presence of antibodies against the 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) and recently circulating seasonal influenza A viruses. Ninety-six per cent of individuals born between 1909 and 1919 had antibodies against the 2009 pandemic influenza virus, while in age groups born between 1920 and 1944, the prevalence varied from 77% to 14%. Most individuals born after 1944 lacked antibodies to the pandemic virus. In sequence comparisons the haemagglutinin (HA) gene of the 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) virus was closely related to that of the Spanish influenza and 1976 swine influenza viruses. Based on the three-dimensional structure of the HA molecule, the antigenic epitopes of the pandemic virus HA are more closely related to those of the Spanish influenza HA than to those of recent seasonal influenza A(H1N1) viruses. Among the elderly, cross-reactive antibodies against the 2009 pandemic influenza virus, which likely originate from infections caused by the Spanish influenza virus and its immediate descendants, may provide protective immunity against the present pandemic virus.

scholarly journals The emergence of oseltamivir-resistant pandemic influenza A(H1N1) 2009 virus amongst hospitalised immunocompromised patients in Scotland, November-December, 2009

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Harvala ◽  
R Gunson ◽  
P Simmonds ◽  
A Hardie ◽  
S Bennett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
H1n1 Pandemic ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Oseltamivir Resistance ◽  
Pandemic Virus ◽  
Hospitalised Patients ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
H275y Mutation

To investigate the frequency of oseltamivir resistance in circulating strains of the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic virus in Scotland, 1,802 samples from 1,608 infected hospitalised patients were screened by the H275Y discriminatory RT-PCR. Among these, we identified 10 patients who developed the H275Y mutation. All of them were immunocompromised and were under treatment or had been treated previously with oseltamivir.

scholarly journals Q&A: What have we found out about the influenza A (H1N1) 2009 pandemic virus?

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J Turner ◽  
Lorena E Brown ◽  
Peter C Doherty ◽  
Anne Kelso
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Pandemic Virus ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

scholarly journals Pandemic H1N1 2009 Influenza A Virus Induces Weak Cytokine Responses in Human Macrophages and Dendritic Cells and Is Highly Sensitive to the Antiviral Actions of Interferons

2009 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 1414-1422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Österlund ◽  
Jaana Pirhonen ◽  
Niina Ikonen ◽  
Esa Rönkkö ◽  
Mari Strengell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
H1n1 Virus ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Type I ◽  
Pandemic H1n1 ◽  
Pandemic Virus ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

ABSTRACT In less than 3 months after the first cases of swine origin 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus infections were reported from Mexico, WHO declared a pandemic. The pandemic virus is antigenically distinct from seasonal influenza viruses, and the majority of human population lacks immunity against this virus. We have studied the activation of innate immune responses in pandemic virus-infected human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC) and macrophages. Pandemic A/Finland/553/2009 virus, representing a typical North American/European lineage virus, replicated very well in these cells. The pandemic virus, as well as the seasonal A/Brisbane/59/07 (H1N1) and A/New Caledonia/20/99 (H1N1) viruses, induced type I (alpha/beta interferon [IFN-α/β]) and type III (IFN-λ1 to -λ3) IFN, CXCL10, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) gene expression weakly in DCs. Mouse-adapted A/WSN/33 (H1N1) and human A/Udorn/72 (H3N2) viruses, instead, induced efficiently the expression of antiviral and proinflammatory genes. Both IFN-α and IFN-β inhibited the replication of the pandemic (H1N1) virus. The potential of IFN-λ3 to inhibit viral replication was lower than that of type I IFNs. However, the pandemic virus was more sensitive to the antiviral IFN-λ3 than the seasonal A/Brisbane/59/07 (H1N1) virus. The present study demonstrates that the novel pandemic (H1N1) influenza A virus can readily replicate in human primary DCs and macrophages and efficiently avoid the activation of innate antiviral responses. It is, however, highly sensitive to the antiviral actions of IFNs, which may provide us an additional means to treat severe cases of infection especially if significant drug resistance emerges.

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