scholarly journals The emergence of oseltamivir-resistant pandemic influenza A(H1N1) 2009 virus amongst hospitalised immunocompromised patients in Scotland, November-December, 2009

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Harvala ◽  
R Gunson ◽  
P Simmonds ◽  
A Hardie ◽  
S Bennett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
H1n1 Pandemic ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Oseltamivir Resistance ◽  
Pandemic Virus ◽  
Hospitalised Patients ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
H275y Mutation

To investigate the frequency of oseltamivir resistance in circulating strains of the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic virus in Scotland, 1,802 samples from 1,608 infected hospitalised patients were screened by the H275Y discriminatory RT-PCR. Among these, we identified 10 patients who developed the H275Y mutation. All of them were immunocompromised and were under treatment or had been treated previously with oseltamivir.

scholarly journals What Have We Learned from the Novel Influenza A (H1N1) Pandemic in 2009 for Strengthening Pandemic Influenza Preparedness?

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 673-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Santos-Preciado ◽  
Carlos Franco-Paredes ◽  
Isabel Hernandez-Flores ◽  
Ildefonso Tellez ◽  
Carlos Del Rio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
H1n1 Pandemic ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Novel Influenza A

scholarly journals Evaluation of Serological Diagnostic Methods for the 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 520-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Papenburg ◽  
Mariana Baz ◽  
Marie-Ève Hamelin ◽  
Chantal Rhéaume ◽  
Julie Carbonneau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Transcriptase ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Hemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
H1n1 Virus ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Virus Diagnosis ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

ABSTRACTSerology improves influenza diagnosis by capturing cases missed by reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR). We prospectively evaluated microneutralization and hemagglutination inhibition assays for 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus diagnosis among 24 RT-PCR-confirmed cases and 98 household contacts. Compared to hemagglutination inhibition, microneutralization demonstrated a higher level of concordance with RT-PCR (kappa = 0.69 versus kappa = 0.60) and greater sensitivity (83% versus 71%;P= 0.016).

The impact of primer and probe-template mismatches on the sensitivity of pandemic influenza A/H1N1/2009 virus detection by real-time RT-PCR

2010 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chonticha Klungthong ◽  
Piyawan Chinnawirotpisan ◽  
Kittinun Hussem ◽  
Thipwipha Phonpakobsin ◽  
Wudtichai Manasatienkij ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Molecular detection of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses with M genes from human pandemic strains among Nigerian pigs, 2013–2015: implications and associated risk factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (16) ◽  
pp. 3345-3360 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. ADEOLA ◽  
B. O. OLUGASA ◽  
B. O. EMIKPE
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Scan Statistics ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Pandemic Virus ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Pandemic Strains ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Ibadan Nigeria

SUMMARYIn the post-pandemic period, influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus has been detected in swine populations in different parts of the world. This study was conducted to determine the presence and spatial patterns of this human pandemic virus among Nigerian pigs and identify associated risk factors. Using a two-stage stratified random sampling method, nasal swab specimens were obtained from pigs in Ibadan, Nigeria during the 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 influenza seasons, and the virus was detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Purified RT-PCR products were sequenced in both directions, and sequences were aligned using MUSCLE. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted in MEGA6. Purely spatial scan statistics and a spatial lag regression model were used to identify spatial clusters and associated risk factors. The virus was detected in both seasons, with an overall prevalence of 8·7%. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the M genes were similar to those of pandemic strains which circulated in humans prior to and during the study. Cluster analysis revealed a significant primary spatial cluster (RR = 4·71, LLR = 5·66,P= 0·0046), while ‘hours spent with pigs (R2= 0·90,P= 0·0018)’ and ‘hours spent with pigs from different farms (R2= 0·91,P= 0·0001)’ were identified as significant risk factors (P< 0·05). These findings reveal that there is considerable risk of transmission of the pandemic virus, either directly from pig handlers or through fomites, to swine herds in Ibadan, Nigeria. Active circulation of the virus among Nigerian pigs could enhance its reassortment with endemic swine influenza viruses. Campaigns for adoption of biosecurity measures in West African piggeries and abattoirs should be introduced and sustained in order to prevent the emergence of a new influenza epicentre in the sub-region.

scholarly journals Invasive Aspergillosis Complicating Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Infection in Severely Immunocompromised Patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. e16-e19 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Garcia-Vidal ◽  
P. Barba ◽  
M. Arnan ◽  
A. Moreno ◽  
I. Ruiz-Camps ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Aspergillosis ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients ◽  
H1n1 Infection ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

scholarly journals Surveillance of Hospitalisations for 2009 Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1) in the Netherlands, 5 June – 31 December 2009

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
T M van ‘t Klooster ◽  
C C Wielders ◽  
T Donker ◽  
L Isken ◽  
A Meijer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Notification System ◽  
Admission Rates ◽  
Hospitalised Patients ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Mandatory Notification ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

We analysed and reported on a weekly basis clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients hospitalised in the Netherlands for the 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) using information from the national mandatory notification system. The notification criteria changed on 15 August 2009 from all possible, probable and confirmed cases to only laboratory-confirmed pandemic influenza hospitalisations and deaths. In the period of comprehensive case-based surveillance (until 15 August), 2% (35/1,622) of the patients with pandemic influenza were hospitalised. From 5 June to 31 December 2009, a total of 2,181 patients were hospitalised. Of these, 10% (219/2,181) were admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) and 53 died. Among non-ICU hospitalised patients, 56% (961/1,722) had an underlying medical condition compared with 70% (147/211) of the patients in ICU and 46 of the 51 fatal cases for whom this information was reported. Most common complications were dehydration among non-ICU hospitalised patients and acute respiratory distress syndrome among patients in ICU and patients who died. Children under the age of five years had the highest age-specific hospitalisation rate (62.7/100,000), but relatively few were admitted to an ICU (1.7/100,000). Characteristics and admission rates of hospitalised patients were comparable with reports from other countries and previous influenza seasons. The national notification system was well suited to provide weekly updates of relevant monitoring information on the severity of the pandemic for professionals, decision makers, the media and the public, and could be rapidly adapted to changing information requirements.

Emerging oseltamivir resistance in seasonal and pandemic influenza A/H1N1

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Renaud ◽  
Jane Kuypers ◽  
Janet A. Englund
Keyword(s):  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Oseltamivir Resistance ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

scholarly journals Deep Sequencing Reveals Mixed Infection with 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Strains and the Emergence of Oseltamivir Resistance

2011 ◽  
Vol 203 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elodie Ghedin ◽  
Jennifer Laplante ◽  
Jay DePasse ◽  
David E. Wentworth ◽  
Roberto P. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sequencing ◽  
Mixed Infection ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
H1n1 Virus ◽  
Oseltamivir Resistance ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Virus Strains

scholarly journals Increased detection in Australia and Singapore of a novel influenza A(H1N1)2009 variant with reduced oseltamivir and zanamivir sensitivity due to a S247N neuraminidase mutation

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
Author(s):  
A C Hurt ◽  
R T Lee ◽  
S K Leang ◽  
L Cui ◽  
Y M Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Treated Patient ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Oseltamivir Resistance ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
H275y Mutation ◽  
Novel Influenza A

A novel influenza A(H1N1)2009 variant with mildly reduced oseltamivir and zanamivir sensitivity has been detected in more than 10% of community specimens in Singapore and more than 30% of samples from northern Australia during the early months of 2011. The variant, which has also been detected in other regions of the Asia-Pacific, contains a S247N neuraminidase mutation. When combined with the H275Y mutation, as detected in an oseltamivir-treated patient, the dual S247N+H275Y mutant had extremely high oseltamivir resistance.

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