scholarly journals Contribution of regional climate drivers to future winter sea-level changes in the Baltic Sea estimated by statistical methods and simulations of climate models

2009 ◽  
Vol 99 (8) ◽  
pp. 1721-1730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgit Hünicke
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
The Baltic

Regional Climate Modeling for the Baltic Sea Region

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Kjellström ◽  
Ole Bøssing Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Climate Modeling ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Regional Climate Modeling ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Baltic Sea Region ◽  
The Baltic

Regional climate models (RCMs) are commonly used to provide detailed regional to local information for climate change assessments, impact studies, and work on climate change adaptation. The Baltic Sea region is well suited for RCM evaluation due to its complexity and good availability of observations. Evaluation of RCM performance over the Baltic Sea region suggests that: • Given appropriate boundary conditions, RCMs can reproduce many aspects of the climate in the Baltic Sea region. • High resolution improves the ability of RCMs to simulate significant processes in a realistic way. • When forced by global climate models (GCMs) with errors in their representation of the large-scale atmospheric circulation and/or sea surface conditions, performance of RCMs deteriorates. • Compared to GCMs, RCMs can add value on the regional scale, related to both the atmosphere and other parts of the climate system, such as the Baltic Sea, if appropriate coupled regional model systems are used. Future directions for regional climate modeling in the Baltic Sea region would involve testing and applying even more high-resolution, convection permitting, models to generally better represent climate features like heavy precipitation extremes. Also, phenomena more specific to the Baltic Sea region are expected to benefit from higher resolution (these include, for example, convective snowbands over the sea in winter). Continued work on better describing the fully coupled regional climate system involving the atmosphere and its interaction with the sea surface and land areas is also foreseen as beneficial. In this respect, atmospheric aerosols are important components that deserve more attention.

scholarly journals Past and Future Sea Level Changes and Land Uplift in the Baltic Sea Seen by Geodetic Observations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Nordman ◽  
A. Peltola ◽  
M. Bilker-Koivula ◽  
S. Lahtinen
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Relative Sea Level ◽  
Land Uplift ◽  
Considerable Uncertainty ◽  
The Baltic

Abstract We have studied the land uplift and relative sea level changes in the Baltic Sea in northern Europe. To observe the past changes and land uplift, we have used continuous GNSS time series, campaign-wise absolute gravity measurements and continuous tide gauge time series. To predict the future, we have used probabilistic future scenarios tuned for the Baltic Sea. The area we are interested in is Kvarken archipelago in Finland and High Coast in Sweden. These areas form a UNESCO World Heritage Site, where the land uplift process and how it demonstrates itself are the main values. We provide here the latest numbers of land uplift for the area, the current rates from geodetic observations, and probabilistic scenarios for future relative sea level rise. The maximum land uplift rates in Fennoscandia are in the Bothnian Bay of the Baltic Sea, where the maximum values are currently on the order of 10 mm/year with respect to the geoid. During the last 100 years, the land has risen from the sea by approximately 80 cm in this area. Estimates of future relative sea level change have considerable uncertainty, with values for the year 2100 ranging from 75 cm of sea level fall (land emergence) to 30 cm of sea-level rise.

scholarly journals Postglacial, relative shore-level changes in Lillebælt, Denmark

1969 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 37-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ole Bennike ◽  
Jørn Bo Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Lake Level ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Shore Level ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Water Depths

The brackish Baltic Sea and the more saline Kattegat are connected by three straits, Lillebælt, Storebælt and Øresund (Fig. 1). Of the three straits, Lillebælt is the narrowest, with 700 m at its narrowest point, widening out towards the south to around 25 km (Fig. 2). In the narrow parts of Lillebælt, water depths around 30–50 m are common. In the northern part of Lillebælt the depth is 16–18 m and in the southern part the depth is around 35 m. Storebælt and Øresund have played important roles as outlets during the history of the Baltic Sea, and their histories have been much discussed (Björck 1995; Bennike et al. 2004). In contrast, Lillebælt has received little attention. In this paper we present 11 new radiocarbon accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) ages and propose a curve for Holocene relative shore-level changes in Lillebælt. We use the term shore-level changes rather than sea-level changes because we have constructed both lake-level and sea-level changes.

Sea Level Changes in the Baltic Sea-Interrelation of Climatic and Geologic Processes

2000 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 214-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Harff ◽  
Alexander Frischbutter ◽  
Reinhard Lampe ◽  
Michael Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Geologic Processes

scholarly journals Postglacial rebound and relative sea level changes in the Baltic Sea since the Litorina transgression

Baltica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alar Rosentau ◽  
Jan Harff ◽  
Michael Meyer ◽  
Tõnis Oja
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Postglacial Rebound ◽  
Relative Sea Level ◽  
The Baltic

Seasonal Baltic Sea level change from altimetry data

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Pajak
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Sea Level Change ◽  
Altimetry Data ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuations ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Level Change ◽  
Sea Level Anomalies ◽  
The Baltic

Regional sea level changes occur at different time scales. Global warming of the oceans, glacial and polar ice melting and meteorological or hydrological factors are major contributors to long-term sea level rise. In the recent years, a lot of attention has been paid to research concerning sea level change and seasonal fluctuations. The main objective of this paper was to determine the seasonal variability in the Baltic Sea level using satellite altimetry data for the period 1 January 2010 – 31 December 2014. The ANOVA analysis of variance was used in the research in order to estimate seasonal fluctuations. This study focused on investigate the monthly and annual amplitude in sea level anomalies over a given time period. The results from research showed that the amplitudes of fluctuations are the highest in winter and the smallest in summer in three analyzed points of the Baltic Sea. The results can bring valuable information about ongoing aspects in sea level changes, as a way of tracking climate change.

scholarly journals A Holocene relative sea-level database for the Baltic Sea

2021 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
pp. 107071
Author(s):  
Alar Rosentau ◽  
Volker Klemann ◽  
Ole Bennike ◽  
Holger Steffen ◽  
Jasmin Wehr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Relative Sea Level ◽  
The Baltic

scholarly journals GIS analysis of effects of future Baltic Sea level rise on the island of Gotland, Sweden

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Ebert ◽  
Karin Ekstedt ◽  
Jerker Jarsjö
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Coastal Aquifers ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Salt Water Intrusion ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Water Intrusion ◽  
The Baltic

Abstract. Future sea level rise as a consequence of global warming will affect the world's coastal regions. Even though the pace of sea level rise is not clear, the consequences will be severe and global. Commonly the effects of future sea level rise are investigated for relatively vulnerable development countries; however, a whole range of varying regions need to be considered in order to improve the understanding of global consequences. In this paper we investigate consequences of future sea level rise along the coast of the Baltic Sea island of Gotland, Sweden, with the aim to fill knowledge gaps regarding comparatively well-suited areas in non-development countries. We study both the quantity of loss of infrastructure, cultural and natural values for the case of a two metre sea level rise of the Baltic Sea, and the effects of climate change on seawater intrusion in coastal aquifers, causing the indirect effect of salt water intrusion in wells. We conduct a multi-criteria risk analysis by using Lidar data on land elevation and GIS-vulnerability mapping, which gives formerly unimaginable precision in the application of distance and elevation parameters. We find that in case of a 2 m sea level rise, 3 % of the land area of Gotland, corresponding to 99 km2, will be inundated. The features most strongly affected are items of touristic or nature values, including camping places, shore meadows, sea stack areas, and endangered plants and species habitats. In total, 231 out of 7354 wells will be directly inundated, and the number of wells in the high-risk zone for saltwater intrusion in wells will increase considerably. Some values will be irreversibly lost due to e.g. inundation of sea stacks and the passing of tipping points for sea water intrusion into coastal aquifers; others might simply be moved further inland, but this requires considerable economic means and prioritization. With nature tourism being one of the main income sources of Gotland, monitoring and planning is required to meet the changes. Seeing Gotland in a global perspective, this island shows that holistic multi-feature studies of future consequences of sea level rise are required, to identify overall consequences for individual regions.

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