scholarly journals Is diabetic retinopathy affected by diabetes type? A retrospective study using electronic medical record data from patients with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults, type 1 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanyue Li ◽  
Zifang Cheng ◽  
Yanan Song ◽  
Yifan Fang ◽  
Ming Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Autoimmune Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Diabetes Duration ◽  
Latent Autoimmune Diabetes

Abstract Aims To determine whether the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and its related factors are affected by diabetes type (latent autoimmune diabetes in adults [LADA], type 1 diabetes mellitus [T1DM], type 2 diabetes mellitus [T2DM]). Methods LADA patients were matched for age (± 2 years) and sex to T1DM (1:1) and T2DM (1:2) patients. Retrieved variables included demographic characteristics, diabetes history, laboratory test findings, and history of DR screening, etc. Multiple logistic regression analysis was applied to identify influencing factors of DR. A decision tree was used to explore interactions between diabetes type and other influencing factors of DR. Results We included 110 LADA, 101 T1DM, and 220 T2DM patients. DR prevalence was 26.4% in LADA patients, lower than that in T1DM (50.5%) and T2DM (47.7%) patients (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that diabetes duration (OR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.1–1.26, P < 0.001) and diabetic nephropathy (DN) (OR = 42.39, 95% CI: 10.88–165.11, P < 0.001) were independent risk factors for DR, and regular DR screening (OR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.16–0.69, P = 0.003) was an independent protective factor. Decision tree analysis showed that in patients without DN with a diabetes duration of at least 10.5 years, T1DM and LADA patients had a higher incidence of DR than T2DM patients (72.7% vs. 55.1%). Conclusions The prevalence of DR in diabetes patients was affected by diabetes duration, DN occurrence, and regular DR screening. Diabetes type indirectly affects DR occurrence through its interaction with diabetes duration and DN. Correct LADA diagnosis is necessary, and DR screening needs to be well-implemented.

Prevalence and incidence of thyroid dysfunction in type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes and latent autoimmune diabetes of adults: The Fremantle Diabetes Study Phase II

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-382
Author(s):  
Kirsten E. Peters ◽  
Stephen A. Paul Chubb ◽  
David G. Bruce ◽  
Wendy A. Davis ◽  
Timothy M. E. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Autoimmune Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes Type 2 ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Study Phase ◽  
Latent Autoimmune Diabetes

Type 1 Diabetes-related Autoantibodies in Different Forms of Diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elin Pettersen Sørgjerd
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Autoimmune Diabetes ◽  
Acid Decarboxylase ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Latent Autoimmune Diabetes ◽  
Childhood Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Childhood Type

Autoantibodies against Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GADA), insulinoma antigen-2 (IA- 2A), insulin (IAA) and the most recently Zinc Transporter 8 (ZnT8A) are one of the most reliable biomarkers for autoimmune diabetes in both children and adults. They are today the only biomarkers that can distinguish Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) from phenotypically type 2 diabetes. As the frequency of autoantibodies at diagnosis in childhood type 1 diabetes depends on age, GADA is by far the most common in adult onset autoimmune diabetes, especially LADA. Being multiple autoantibody positive have also shown to be more common in childhood diabetes compared to adult onset diabetes, and multiple autoantibody positivity have a high predictive value of childhood type 1 diabetes. Autoantibodies have shown inconsistent results to predict diabetes in adults. Levels of autoantibodies are reported to cause heterogeneity in LADA. Reports indicate that individuals with high levels of autoantibodies have a more type 1 diabetes like phenotype and individuals with low levels of autoantibody positivity have a more type 2 diabetes like phenotype. It is also well known that autoantibody levels can fluctuate and transient autoantibody positivity in adult onset autoimmune diabetes have been reported to affect the phenotype.

scholarly journals Genetic Similarities Between Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults, Type 1 Diabetes, and Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 1433-1437 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Cervin ◽  
V. Lyssenko ◽  
E. Bakhtadze ◽  
E. Lindholm ◽  
P. Nilsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Autoimmune Diabetes ◽  
Latent Autoimmune Diabetes

Complications of Diabetes Mellitus

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Dagogo-Jack
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Diabetic Complications ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Complications Of Diabetes ◽  
Risk Of Death

The long-term complications of diabetes mellitus include retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. Diabetic retinopathy can result in loss of vision; nephropathy may lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD); and neuropathy poses the risk of foot ulcers, amputation, Charcot joints, sexual dysfunction, and potentially disabling dysfunction of the stomach, bowel, and bladder. Hyperglycemia sufficient to cause pathologic and functional changes in target tissues may be present for some time before clinical symptoms lead to a diagnosis of diabetes, especially in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetic patients are also at increased risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular, peripheral vascular, and cerebrovascular disease. These conditions may be related to hyperglycemia, as well as to the hypertension and abnormal lipoprotein profiles that are often found in diabetic patients. Prevention of these complications is a major goal of current therapeutic policy and recommendations for all but transient forms of diabetes. This chapter describes the pathogenesis, screening, prevention, and treatment of diabetic complications, as well as the management of hyperglycemia in the hospitalized patient. Figures illustrate the pathways that link high blood glucose levels to microvascular and macrovascular complications; fundus abnormalities in diabetic retinopathy; the natural history of nephropathy in type 1 diabetes; cumulative incidence of first cardiovascular events, stroke, or death from cardiovascular disease in patients with type 1 diabetes; the effect of intensive glycemic therapy on the risk of myocardial infarction, major cardiovascular event, or cardiovascular death in patients with type 2 diabetes; and risk of death in patients with type 2 diabetes who receive intensive therapy of multiple risk factors or conventional therapy. Tables describe screening schedules for diabetic complications in adults, foot care recommendations for patients with diabetes, and comparison of major trials of intensive glucose control. This chapter has 238 references.

scholarly journals Characteristics of the Gut Microbiota and Metabolism in Patients With Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults: A Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Fang ◽  
Chenhong Zhang ◽  
Hongcai Shi ◽  
Wei Wei ◽  
Jing Shang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Autoimmune Diabetes ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Latent Autoimmune Diabetes ◽  
Control Study

OBJECTIVE <p>Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are associated with gut dysbiosis. However, the relationship between the gut microbiota and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA), sharing clinical and metabolic features with classic type 1 and type 2 diabetes, remains unclear. Here, we identified the characteristics of the gut microbiota and metabolic profiles in patients with LADA using a multi-omics approach.</p> <p>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS</p> <p>This age- and sex-matched case-control study included 30 patients with LADA, 31 patients with classic type 1 diabetes, 30 patients with type 2 diabetes, and 29 healthy individuals. The gut microbiota profiles were identified via the 16S rRNA gene, and fecal and serum metabolites were measured via untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.</p> <p>RESULTS </p> <p>LADA patients had a significantly different structure and composition of the gut microbiota and their metabolites as well as a severe deficiency of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria. The gut microbiota structure of the LADA patients was more similar to that of patients with type 1 diabetes who were positive for GAD antibody. We identified seven serum metabolite modules and eight fecal metabolite modules that differed between the LADA group and the other groups.</p> <p>CONCLUSIONS </p> <p><a>The characteristic gut microbiota and related metabolites of patients with LADA are associated with autoantibodies, glucose metabolism, islet function, and inflammatory factors, which may contribute to the pathogenesis of LADA. </a>Future longitudinal studies should explore whether modulating the gut microbiota and related metabolites can alter the natural course of autoimmune diabetes, in the quest for new therapeutic.</p>

1639-P: Correlates and Prevalence of Hypogonadism in Male Patients with Latent Autoimmune Diabetes, Classic Type 1 Diabetes, and Classic Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1639-P
Author(s):  
MEILI CAI ◽  
JINGYANG GAO ◽  
CHUNJUN SHENG ◽  
HONG LI ◽  
HUI SHENG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Autoimmune Diabetes ◽  
Latent Autoimmune Diabetes ◽  
Male Patients

scholarly journals Preclinical carotid atherosclerosis in patients with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA), type 2 diabetes and classical type 1 diabetes

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Hernández ◽  
Carolina López ◽  
Jordi Real ◽  
Joan Valls ◽  
Emilio Ortega-Martinez de Victoria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Carotid Atherosclerosis ◽  
Autoimmune Diabetes ◽  
Classical Type ◽  
Latent Autoimmune Diabetes
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