scholarly journals Altered urinary tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives in patients with Tourette syndrome: reflection of dopaminergic hyperactivity?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Capetian ◽  
Veit Roessner ◽  
Caroline Korte ◽  
Susanne Walitza ◽  
Franz Riederer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Tic Disorders ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurotransmission ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Chronic Tic Disorders

AbstractTetrahydroisoquinolines (TIQs) such as salsolinol (SAL), norsalsolinol (NSAL) and their methylated derivatives N-methyl-norsalsolinol (NMNSAL) and N-methyl-salsolinol (NMSAL), modulate dopaminergic neurotransmission and metabolism in the central nervous system. Dopaminergic neurotransmission is thought to play an important role in the pathophysiology of chronic tic disorders, such as Tourette syndrome (TS). Therefore, the urinary concentrations of these TIQ derivatives were measured in patients with TS and patients with comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (TS + ADHD) compared with controls. Seventeen patients with TS, 12 with TS and ADHD, and 19 age-matched healthy controls with no medication took part in this study. Free levels of NSAL, NMNSAL, SAL, and NMSAL in urine were measured by a two-phase chromatographic approach. Furthermore, individual TIQ concentrations in TS patients were used in receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis to examine the diagnostic value. NSAL concentrations were elevated significantly in TS [434.67 ± 55.4 nmol/l (standard error of mean = S.E.M.), two-way ANOVA, p < 0.0001] and TS + ADHD patients [605.18 ± 170.21 nmol/l (S.E.M.), two-way ANOVA, p < 0.0001] compared with controls [107.02 ± 33.18 nmol/l (S.E.M.), two-way ANOVA, p < 0.0001] and NSAL levels in TS + ADHD patients were elevated significantly in comparison with TS patients (two-way ANOVA, p = 0.017). NSAL demonstrated an AUC of 0.93 ± 0.046 (S.E.M) the highest diagnostic value of all metabolites for the diagnosis of TS. Our results suggest a dopaminergic hyperactivity underlying the pathophysiology of TS and ADHD. In addition, NSAL concentrations in urine may be a potential diagnostic biomarker of TS.

The effect of shorter exposure versus prolonged exposure on treatment outcome in Tourette syndrome and chronic tic disorders – an open trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 262-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolande M. T. M. van de Griendt ◽  
Maarten K. van Dijk ◽  
Cara W. J. Verdellen ◽  
Marc J. P. M. Verbraak
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Open Trial ◽  
Tic Disorders ◽  
Chronic Tic Disorders

scholarly journals Sleep difficulties in children with Tourette syndrome and chronic tic disorders: a systematic review of characteristics and associated factors

SLEEP ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Hibberd ◽  
Tony Charman ◽  
Raj Seraya Bhatoa ◽  
Sinem Tekes ◽  
Tammy Hedderly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Tic Disorders ◽  
Research Quality ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Chronic Tic Disorders ◽  
Sleep Difficulties

Abstract Sleep difficulties are common in children and young people with Tourette syndrome and chronic tic disorders (TS/CTD). However, it is unclear whether sleep problems can be considered typical of the TS/CTD phenotype or whether they reflect concomitant factors such as individual patient characteristics (e.g. medication use), underlying neurodevelopmental disorders and/or co-occurring psychiatric symptoms. To help address this question, this review systematically explored types and frequency of sleep problems in children and young people with TS/CTD, while also examining the heterogeneity and methodological quality of studies. Psycinfo, Ovid Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched using a range of terms relating to tics, sleep and co-occurring psychopathology. Studies were considered that included a sample of children with TS/CTD (n &gt; 5) for whom sleep difficulties were measured. Eighteen studies met criteria for inclusion in the review. Findings supported the high prevalence of sleep difficulties in children with TS/CTD, though estimates of sleep difficulties ranged from 9.7% to 80.4%. Twelve studies reported on other factors affecting sleep in this patient group including tic severity, comorbid psychopathological or neurodevelopmental disorders and medication use. Studies varied in terms of methodology, sample characteristics and research quality, but most concluded that children with TS/CTD experienced high levels of sleep difficulties with children with co-occurring anxiety most at risk. The current review highlights the need for further empirical investigation of sleep in children with TS/CTS, with a view to informing understanding and clinical management.

Exploring the Impact of Chronic Tic Disorders on Youth: Results from the Tourette Syndrome Impact Survey

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine A. Conelea ◽  
Douglas W. Woods ◽  
Samuel H. Zinner ◽  
Cathy Budman ◽  
Tanya Murphy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Tic Disorders ◽  
Chronic Tic Disorders ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Diabetes mellitus and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: The verges of contingency

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
I G Bakulin ◽  
Yu G Sandler ◽  
E V Vinnitskayа ◽  
V A Keiyan ◽  
S V Rodionova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Α2 Macroglobulin ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Clinically Significant

Aim. To estimate the incidence of hepatic steatosis (HS) and liver fibrosis (LF) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), by applying the noninvasive techniques of liver fibroelastometry (LFE) and a battery of fibrotests (FTs); to determine their diagnostic value and to identify factors influencing the development of LF. Subjects and methods. A comprehensive examination was made in 82 diabetic patients (mean age, 56.7±12.7 years; p=0.033). The data were statistically evaluated using ROC curve analysis, correlation and single-factor analyses of variance, and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results. FTs and LFE revealed that the DM patients had liver cirrhosis (LC) (METAVIR F4) in 12 (14.6%) and 15 (18.2%) patients, respectively. Those showed clinically significant fibrosis (METAVIR fibrosis stages F2-3) in 19 (23.1%) and 23 (28%) patients, respectively. Varying degrees of HS were present in 79 (96.3%) patients. LFE and FTs demonstrated comparable results in detecting LC (the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC), 0.83 and 0.81, respectively). The development of LF is influenced by factors, such as the degree of HS, obesity, the activity of an inflammatory process, and the level of alanine aminotransferase and α2-macroglobulin. Conclusion. Diabetic patients are at high risk for NAFLD to develop LF and LC. LFE and FTs showed a comparably high accuracy in the diagnosis of LC in patients with DM and these may be used for screening. With allowance made for the existing risk factors of LF and LC, it is necessary to identify groups of patients with DM for further examination and follow-up. Patients who are diagnosed with stage F4 should be examined carefully to evaluate concurrent diseases and to make liver biopsy.

ISDN2014_0331: The impact of comorbidity on event‐related brain topography in patients presenting chronic tic disorders and tourette syndrome

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (Part_A) ◽  
pp. 102-102
Author(s):  
M. Germain ◽  
M.N. Chuang ◽  
G. Sauvé ◽  
K.P. O'Connor ◽  
P.J. Blanchet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Tic Disorders ◽  
Brain Topography ◽  
Chronic Tic Disorders ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Self-esteem in adults with Tourette syndrome and chronic tic disorders: The roles of tic severity, treatment, and comorbidity

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 95-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilary Weingarden ◽  
Lawrence Scahill ◽  
Susanne Hoeppner ◽  
Alan L. Peterson ◽  
Douglas W. Woods ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Tic Disorders ◽  
Tic Severity ◽  
Chronic Tic Disorders

scholarly journals Prenatal Maternal Smoking and Increased Risk for Tourette Syndrome and Chronic Tic Disorders

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 784-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi A. Browne ◽  
Amirhossein Modabbernia ◽  
Joseph D. Buxbaum ◽  
Stefan N. Hansen ◽  
Diana E. Schendel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Maternal Smoking ◽  
Tic Disorders ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Chronic Tic Disorders ◽  
Prenatal Maternal Smoking

scholarly journals Familial Risks of Tourette Syndrome and Chronic Tic Disorders

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 787 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Mataix-Cols ◽  
Kayoko Isomura ◽  
Ana Pérez-Vigil ◽  
Zheng Chang ◽  
Christian Rück ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Tic Disorders ◽  
Chronic Tic Disorders
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