roc curve analysis
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2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 712-716
Author(s):  
S K Prabhakar ◽  
Oshin Middha ◽  
Feba Mary George ◽  
Uditi Pankaj Kothak ◽  
Prashansa Yadav

Study of steepening, flattening, clockwise, and counter-clockwise torque effect is indispensable to understand and design surgical induced astigmatism calculator. Hence, in this study by constructing a novel Microsoft Office Excel 2007 based astigmatic calculator following cataract surgery, analysis on the accuracy and predictability evaluated for the performance. Post-cataract surgery patients from May 2019 to January 2020 at a tertiary medical institution recruited for this present study. Based on Pythagoras principle, MS Excel calculator designed and the law of cousins for calculating the vector magnitude and axis respectively. Manual keratometry measurements for pre and postoperative horizontal (Kh) and vertical (Kv) curvatures established, and statistical analysis for the resultant SIA magnitude and axis deduced with Medcalc software comparing with the existing SIA 2.1 version calculator. A total of 29 eyes of 25 patients studied with a mean age of 62.55 (±8.08) years, males contributing to 14 (56%), and right laterally in 17 (58%) eyes. MS Excel and SIA 2.1 versions calculated a mean SIA magnitude of 0.66 (±0.47) D and 0.64 (±0.55) D respectively. Pearson coefficient correlation (r=-0.16, p=0.40), paired-two sample test (t value= 0.11, p= 0.91) and ROC curve analysis (AUC = 0.75, p= 0.34, 95% CI= 0.25 to 0.99) calculated. Regression equation (y = 0.75 + -0.14 x) and limits of agreements (95% CI -0.29 to 0.31) analyzed, and, 95% of data points distributed within ±1.96 SD of the line of equality on Bland-Altman difference plots.The present calculator proclaimed an acceptable accuracy and agreement with a prediction of 0.61 Diopter for every unit change in the magnitude of SIA 2.1 software in addition to consideration of interchangeability.


2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Guoli Lin ◽  
Wen Chen ◽  
Caizhi Dai ◽  
Kaizu Xu

Objective. To analyze apolipoprotein-A for its predictive value for long-term death in individuals suffering from acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction following percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods. We selected patients suffering from acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction who underwent emergency PCI at the Affiliated Hospital of Putian University from January 2017 to August 2019. The patients were divided into a high-Apo-A group and low-Apo-A group, and we observed all-cause deaths of patients in the 2 groups within 2 years. Results. The ROC curve analysis indicated the best critical value for predicting 2-year mortality as 0.8150 (area under the curve was 0.626, sensitivity 75.1%, and specificity 51.9%). There was no statistical difference among the two groups in gender, age, lesion vessel, and comorbidities. The two groups had statistically significant differences in apolipoprotein-B/A, high-density lipoprotein, apolipoprotein-A, and hypersensitivity C-reactive protein. Correlation analysis showed a significant negative correlation between apolipoprotein-A and hypersensitive C-reactive protein. The results of the 24-month analysis indicated the incidence of all-cause mortality as higher in the low-Apo-A group, and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed the same trend. Conclusion. Apolipoprotein-A can predict the potential for long-term mortality among individuals having acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.


2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinghe Jing ◽  
Tianhui Chen ◽  
Zexu Chen ◽  
Lina Lan ◽  
Chen Zhao ◽  
...  

Purpose:To evaluate the clinical characteristics and ocular features of patients with acute secondary angle closure, associated with lens subluxation (ASAC-LS).Methods:We performed a retrospective study at the EENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China. A total of 41 affected eyes from 41 patients were enrolled in this study. Furthermore, 20 affected eyes were part of the ASAC-LS cohort and 21 affected eyes were included in the acute primary angle closure (APAC) cohort. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), axial length (AL), minimum corneal curvature (K1), maximum corneal curvature (K2), and anterior chamber depth (ACD) were measured and compared between the 2 cohorts. In addition, inter-eye (intraindividual) comparison was performed.Results:The ASAC-LS cohort exhibited younger ages, more frequent trauma history (35%), lower IOP (27.43 ± 13.86 mmHg vs. 41.27 ± 10.36 mmHg), longer AL (23.96 ± 2.60 vs. 22.49 ± 0.77 mm), shallower ACD (1.28 ± 0.38 vs. 1.58 ± 0.23 mm), and bigger ACD differences (0.99 ± 0.52 vs. 0.15 ± 0.19 mm), as compared with the APAC cohort (all p < 0.05). Moreover, eyes from the lens subluxation cohort experienced worse BCVA, higher IOP, and shallower ACD than their matched unaffected eyes (all p < 0.05). Although longer AL, shallower ACD, and bigger ACD differences were strongly correlated with lens subluxation in a univariate logistic regression analysis, only the ACD difference remained significant in the multivariate model (p = 0.004, OR = 1,510.50). Additionally, according to the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, both ACD and ACD differences had greater value in the differential diagnosis of ASAC-LS and APAC, with a cut-off value of 1.4 and 0.63 mm, respectively.Conclusions:Shallower ACD and larger ACD differences provide the promising diagnostic potential for patients with ASAC-LS.


2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Clofent ◽  
Eva Polverino ◽  
Almudena Felipe ◽  
Galo Granados ◽  
Marta Arjona-Peris ◽  
...  

Background: Interstitial lung sequelae are increasingly being reported in survivors of COVID-19 pneumonia. An early detection of these lesions may help prevent the development of irreversible lung fibrosis. Lung ultrasound (LUS) has shown high diagnostic accuracy in interstitial lung disease (ILD) and could likely be used as a first-line test for post-COVID-19 lung sequelae.Methods: Single-center observational prospective study. Follow-up assessments of consecutive patients hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia were conducted 2–5 months after the hospitalization. All patients underwent pulmonary function tests (PFTs), high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), and LUS. Radiological alterations in HRCT were quantified using the Warrick score. The LUS score was obtained by evaluating the presence of pathological B-lines in 12 thoracic areas (range, 0–12). The correlation between the LUS and Warrick scores was analyzed.Results: Three hundred and fifty-two patients who recovered from COVID-19 pneumonia were recruited between July and September 2020. At follow-up, dyspnea was the most frequent symptom (69.3%). FVC and DLCO alterations were present in 79 (22.4%) and 234 (66.5%) patients, respectively. HRCT showed relevant interstitial lung sequelae (RILS) in 154 (43.8%) patients (Warrick score ≥ 7). The LUS score was strongly correlated with the HRCT Warrick score (r = 0.77) and showed a moderate inverse correlation with DLCO (r = −0.55). The ROC curve analysis revealed that a LUS score ≥ 3 indicated an excellent ability to discriminate patients with RILS (sensitivity, 94.2%; specificity, 81.8%; negative predictive value, 94.7%).Conclusions: LUS could be implemented as a first-line procedure in the evaluation of Post-COVID-19 interstitial lung sequelae. A normal LUS examination rules out the presence of these sequelae in COVID-19 survivors, avoiding the need for additional diagnostic tests such as HRCT.


2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Cao-Jie Chen ◽  
Hiroki Kajita ◽  
Noriko Aramaki-Hattori ◽  
Shigeki Sakai ◽  
Kazuo Kishi

Cutaneous melanoma refers to a common skin tumor that is dangerous to health with a great risk of metastasis. Previous researches reported that autophagy is associated with the progression of cutaneous melanoma. Nevertheless, the role played by genes with a relation to autophagy (ARG) in the prediction of the course of metastatic cutaneous melanoma is still largely unknown. We observed that thirteen ARGs showed relations to overall survival (OS) in the Cox regression investigation based on a single variate. We developed 2-gene signature, which stratified metastatic cutaneous melanoma cases to groups at great and small risks. Cases suffering from metastatic cutaneous melanoma in the group at great risks had power OS compared with cases at small risks. The risk score, T phase, N phase, and age were proved to be individual factors in terms of the prediction of OS. Besides, the risk scores identified by the two ARGs were significantly correlated with metastatic cutaneous melanoma. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated accurate predicting performance exhibited by the 2-gene signature. We also found that the immunization and stromal scores achieved by the group based on large risks were higher compared with those achieved by the group based on small risks. The metastatic cutaneous melanoma cases achieving the score based on small risks acquired greater expression of immune checkpoint molecules as compared with the high-risk group. In conclusion, the 2-ARG gene signature indicated a novel prognostic indicator for prognosis prediction of metastatic cutaneous melanoma, which served as an important tool for guiding the clinical treatment of cutaneous melanoma.


2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Qiang Ye ◽  
Zhuoyao Xie ◽  
Chang Guo ◽  
Xing Lu ◽  
Kai Zheng ◽  
...  

Purpose. To explore the diagnostic performance of the optimized threshold b values on IVIM to detect the activity in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) patients. Method. 40 axSpA patients in the active group, 144 axSpA patients in the inactive group, and 20 healthy volunteers were used to evaluate the tissue diffusion coefficient ( D slow ), perfusion fraction ( f ), and pseudodiffusion coefficient ( D fast ) with b thresholds of 10, 20, and 30 s/mm2. The Kruskal-Wallis test and one way ANOVA test was used to compare the different activity among the three groups in axSpA patients, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was applied to evaluate the performance for D slow , f , and D fast to detect the activity in axSpA patients, respectively. Results. D slow demonstrated a statistical difference between two groups ( P < 0.05 ) with all threshold b values. With the threshold b value of 30 s/mm2, f could discriminate the active from control groups ( P < 0.05 ). D slow had similar performance between the active and the inactive groups with threshold b values of 10, 20, and 30 s/mm2 (AUC: 0.877, 0.882, and 0.881, respectively, all P < 0.017 ). Using the optimized threshold b value of 30 s/mm2, f showed the best performance to separate the active from the inactive and the control groups with AUC of 0.613 and 0.738 (both P < 0.017 ) among all threshold b values. Conclusion. D slow and f exhibited increased diagnostic performance using the optimized threshold b value of 30 s/mm2 compared with 10 and 20 s/mm2, whereas D fast did not.


2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chae Hong Lim ◽  
Hyun-Sook Kim ◽  
Kyung-Ann Lee ◽  
JongSun Kim ◽  
Soo Bin Park

AbstractWe investigated the diagnostic value of the maximum standardized uptake value (SUV) at hand and wrist joints for differentiating rheumatic diseases via bone single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT). A total of 84 patients manifesting hand and wrist pain (58 women; age, 49.8 ± 15.4 years) were finally diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA, n = 42), osteoarthritis (OA, n = 16), fibromyalgia (FM, n = 2), and other rheumatic diseases (n = 24). The SUV of each patient was measured in 32 joints including the distal interphalangeal (DIP), proximal interphalangeal (PIP), metacarpophalangeal (MCP), and wrist joints bilaterally. Differences in pain and SUVs between specific rheumatic diseases were assessed using the chi-squared test or one-way analysis of variance. Using the highest SUV (hSUV) in each patient, the diagnostic performance in differentiating specific diseases was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Pain symptoms were present in 886 (33.0%) sites in a total of 2688 joints. In four joint groups (DIP, PIP, MCP, and wrist), the SUVs of joints with pain were significantly higher than those of pain-free joints (all P < 0.001). Active joint sites with higher SUVs than the median value of each joint group were the most common in RA (55.1%). RA showed the greatest hSUV in the PIP (3.0 ± 2.4), MCP (3.5 ± 3.4), and wrist (3.3 ± 1.9) joint groups. FM was characterized by the lowest hSUV of all joint groups. In ROC curve analysis, the cumulative hSUV of the PIP, MCP, and wrist joint groups showed good performance for evaluating RA (area under the curve (AUC), 0.668; P = 0.005). The summation of the hSUVs at all joint groups had an excellent predictive performance for FM (AUC, 0.878; P < 0.001). Consequently, the arthritic activity of the hand and wrist joints based on SUV differed according to specific rheumatic diseases. Quantitative SPECT/CT may provide objective information related to arthritic activity for differentiating specific rheumatic diseases.


2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Su ◽  
Pei-Wen Zhu ◽  
Biao Li ◽  
Wen-Qing Shi ◽  
Qi Lin ◽  
...  

AbstractThis study proposes the use of the voxel-based morphometry (VBM) technique to investigate structural alterations of the cerebral cortex in patients with strabismus and amblyopia (SA). Sixteen patients with SA and sixteen healthy controls (HCs) underwent magnetic resonance imaging. Original whole brain images were analyzed using the VBM method. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between mean gray matter volume (GMV) and clinical manifestations. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was applied to classify the mean GMV values of the SA group and HCs. Compared with the HCs, GMV values in the SA group showed a significant difference in the right superior temporal gyrus, posterior and anterior lobes of the cerebellum, bilateral parahippocampal gyrus, and left anterior cingulate cortex. The mean GMV value in the right superior temporal gyrus, posterior and anterior lobes of the cerebellum, and bilateral parahippocampal gyrus were negatively correlated with the angle of strabismus. The ROC curve analysis of each cerebral region confirmed the accuracy of the area under the curve. Patients with SA have reduced GMV values in some brain regions. These findings might help to reveal the potential pathogenesis of SA and its relationship with the atrophy of specific regions of the brain.


2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Rahimi ◽  
Ramin Yaghobi ◽  
Afsoon Afshari ◽  
Jamshid Roozbeh ◽  
Mohammad Javad Mokhtari ◽  
...  

Abstract Background BK virus associated nephropathy (BKVAN) is one of the common causes of graft loss among kidney transplanted recipients (KTRs). The current treatment for BKV nephropathy is decreasing the immunosuppressive regimen in KTRs. Interleukin-27 (IL-27) is a multifunctional cytokine that might be the front-runner of an important pathway in this regard. Therefore, in current study it is tried to evaluate the changes in the expression level of IL-27 and some related molecules, resulting from BKV reactivation in KTR patients. Methods EDTA-treated blood samples were collected from all participants. Patients were divided into two groups, 31 kidney transplant recipients with active and 32 inactive BKV infection, after being monitored by Real time PCR (Taq-Man) in plasma. Total of 30 normal individuals were considered as healthy control group. Real time PCR (SYBR Green) technique is used to determine the expression level of studied genes. Results The results of gene expression comparisons showed that the expression level of IL-27, IFN-γ, TNF-α, TNFR2 and IRF7 genes was significantly higher in inactive group in comparison to active group. The expression level of TLR4 was lower in both active and inactive groups in comparison to control group. ROC curve analysis showed that IL-27 and IRF7 are significantly different amongst other studied genes. Finally, the analyses revealed that the expression level of most of the studied genes (except for TNF-α and TLR4) have significant correlation with viral load. Conclusions Our findings revealed that IL-27, IFN-γ, TNF-α, TNFR2 and IRF7 expression level is higher in inactive group and TLR4 expression level is lower in patients’ groups in comparison to control group. Also, ROC curve analysis showed IL-27 and IRF7 can significantly differentiate studied groups (BKV active vs. inactive). Therefore, these results might help elucidating the pattern in charge of BKV reactivation in kidney transplanted patients.


2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-67
Author(s):  
Ishwarya Ramadoss ◽  
Anandaraj Jayaraman ◽  
Shobana Dhanapal

Abstract Aims :To compare the NAFLD fibrosis score and FIBROSIS 4 score to fibroscan, and affirm whether the scores shall be used as a screening tool for liver fibrosis, in place of fibroscan. Methodology: It was a cross-sectional study. Patients with fatty liver on ultrasonological examination with 200 sample size. After obtaining the informed consent the following details were collected socio-demographic details, history, co-morbidities, anthropometric measurements, Laboratory investigations. Results: the ROC curve analysis of fibroscan reveals the area under curve of 0.499 and based on the cut off value of 4.50Kpas the sensitivity and specificity was found to be 85.7% and 83.5% respectively. The ROC curve analysis of fibrosis-4 reveals the area under curve of 0.495 and based on the cut off value of 0.80 the sensitivity and specificity was found to be 91.9% and 92.1% respectively. Analysis of NAFLD fibrosis score reveals the area under curve of 0.476 and based on the cut off value of -1.53 the sensitivity and specificity was found to be 93.1% and 93.9% respectively. Conclusion: Henceforth the study suggests that NAFLD fibrosis score shall be used as a non -invasive bedside assessment of liver fibrosis in high risk population and hence guiding their follow up for prevention of morbidity in resource limited settings.


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