Reduction in household air pollution and associated health risk: a pilot study with an improved cookstove in rural households

Abstract Background: Household air pollution increases the risk of non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome. This study hypothesised that the reduction of household air pollution through the installation of improved cookstoves is associated with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. We compared the prevalence of metabolic syndrome between adults using open fire stoves and using improved cookstoves in high altitude provinces of Cajabamba and San Marcos in rural Peruvian Andes.Methods: This is a quasi experimental study nested within a randomised controlled trial (parent study) of 317 children randomised in four study arms. The parents study applied a 2x2 factorial design with three single intervention arms (improved cookstove (ICS), early child development (ECD) and Control) and one combined arm (ICS-ECD). This study was conducted 6-10 months after the ICS intervention was implemented and all parents of the 317 children in the parent study were eligible to participate. Ventilated improved cookstoves using biomass fuel were provided to intervention homes. All participants answered a 24-hour food recall and underwent a physical examination for metabolic syndrome diagnosis. Results: A total of 385 participants were allocated to two groups of improved cookstove users with 190 (112 women and 78 men) and open-fire stove users with 195 (123 women and 72 men). Metabolic syndrome was detected in 21% of all participants and more frequently in women than men (26% versus 13%). In women, the improved cookstove intervention was a protective factor for metabolic syndrome (Prevalence Ratio= 0.70 (0.46 to 1.08), p=0.11). In addition, PR increased with age in women. In both gender, significantly lower PR was found in participants living ≥2500 meters above sea level (PR=0.65 (0.42 to 1.00), p=0.051 in women; (PR=0.25 (0.07 to 0.71), p=0.009 in men).Conclusions: The improved cookstove intervention reducing household air pollution is associated with a lower prevalence of MetS in women users. In addition, residential altitude is an important risk factor for metabolic syndrome even in high altitude populations. Keywords: biomass fuel ventilated improved cookstove, household air pollution, metabolic syndrome, high altitude, Peru Trial registration: Trial registration number ISRCTN26548981 at www.srctn.com . Registered retrospectively, Jan. 15 2018.

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Household air pollution and personal exposure to nitrated and oxygenated polycyclic aromatics (PAHs) in rural households: Influence of household cooking energies

Indoor Air ◽

10.1111/ina.12300 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 169-178 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Y. Chen ◽

W. Du ◽

G. Shen ◽

S. Zhuo ◽

X. Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Rural Households ◽

Personal Exposure ◽

Household Air Pollution ◽

Polycyclic Aromatics

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Exploratory study of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) contributions to household air pollution arising from improved cookstove use in rural Malawi

African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology ◽

10.5897/ajest2018.2582 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 36-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

R. Chidziwisano Kondwani ◽

O. Rivett Michael ◽

Tadsanaprasittipol Amornphat ◽

A. McGregor Laura ◽

M. Kalin Robert

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽

Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽

Exploratory Study ◽

Household Air Pollution ◽

Improved Cookstove ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic

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Short-term Exposure to Household Air Pollution and Risk of Hypertension Among Adults: A Pilot Study in Ibadan

Journal of Health and Environmental Research ◽

10.11648/j.jher.20200602.12 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 37

Author(s):

Abiodun Moshood Adeoye ◽

Adekunle Fakunle ◽

Olajumoke Aderonmu ◽

Bamidele Tayo

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Household Air Pollution ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Term Exposure

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Does household air pollution from cooking fires affect infant neurodevelopment? Developing methods in the NACER pilot study in rural Guatemala

The Lancet Global Health ◽

10.1016/s2214-109x(15)70040-9 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. S18 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lisa M Thompson ◽

Guinevere Valencia-Moscoso ◽

Renée Asteria Peñaloza ◽

Anaité Díaz Artiga ◽

Eduardo Canúz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Household Air Pollution ◽

Infant Neurodevelopment

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Pilot Study of the Enhanced Children's Micropem Compared to the Standard Gravimetric Methods to Measure Personal Exposure and Kitchen Concentrations to Fine Particulate Matter from Household Air Pollution: HAPIN Trial Investigators

ISEE Conference Abstracts ◽

10.1289/isesisee.2018.p01.0460 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Vanessa Jean Burrowes ◽

Michael Johnson ◽

Ricardo Piedrahita ◽

Charity Garland ◽

Ajay Pillarisetti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Fine Particulate Matter ◽

Personal Exposure ◽

Household Air Pollution ◽

Fine Particulate

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Effect of Improved Cookstove Intervention on Childhood Acute Lower Respiratory Infection in Northwest Ethiopia: Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial

10.21203/rs.3.rs-47949/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mesafint Molla Adane ◽

Getu Degu Alene ◽

Seid Tiku Mereta ◽

Kristina L Wanyonyi

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Respiratory Infection ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Health Effect ◽

Household Air Pollution ◽

Acute Lower Respiratory Infection ◽

Lower Respiratory Infection ◽

Open Burning ◽

Intention To Treat ◽

Improved Cookstove

Abstract BackgroundHousehold air pollution exposure is linked with over 3.5 million premature deaths every year, ranking highest among environmental risk factors globally. Children are uniquely vulnerable and sensitive to the damaging health effects of household air pollution which includes childhood acute lower respiratory infection. The use of improved cookstoves has been widely encouraged to reduce these health burdens. It is, however not clear whether it is possible to prevent household air pollution-related disease burdens with locally made improved cookstoves, and the evidence regarding the health effect of improved cookstove interventions among children still attracts wide debate. Therefore, we investigated the child health effect of improved baking stove intervention compared with the continuation of the customary open burning traditional baking stove.MethodsA cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted to assess the health effect of improved baking stove intervention. A total of 100 clusters were randomly allocated to both arms at a 1:1 ratio, and intervention was delivered to all households allocated into the intervention arm. A total of four follow-up visits were carried out within one year at approximately 3-month intervals immediately after the delivery of the intervention. The intervention effect was estimated using odds ratio as a measure of effect following a Generalized Estimating Equations modeling approach among the intention-to-treat population.ResultsA total of 5508 children were enrolled in the study across 100 randomly selected clusters in both arms, among which data were obtained from a total of 5333 participants for at least one follow-up visit which establishes the intention-to-treat population dataset for analysis. The intervention was not found to have a statistically significant effect on the outcome with an estimated odds ratio of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.89–1.02) compared with the continuation of an open burning traditional baking stove method.Harms:There was no difference in the overall incidence rates of cooking-related burns between arms with an incidence rate ratio of 0.80 (95% CI: 0.53–1.21), and there were no grounds to stop the trial early for adverse events.ConclusionsWe found no evidence that an intervention comprising biomass-fuelled improved baking stove reduced the risk of childhood acute lower respiratory infection compared with the continuation of an open burning traditional baking stove method. Therefore, effective cooking solutions are needed to avert the adverse health effect of household air pollution, particularly, childhood acute lower respiratory infection.Trial registration: The trial was registered on August 2, 2018 at clinical trials.gov registry database (registration identifier number: NCT03612362).

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Effect of improved cookstove intervention on childhood acute lower respiratory infection in Northwest Ethiopia: Cluster randomized controlled trial

10.21203/rs.3.rs-28518/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mesafint Molla Adane ◽

Getu Degu Alene ◽

Seid Tiku Mereta ◽

Kristina L Wanyonyi

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Respiratory Infection ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Health Effect ◽

Household Air Pollution ◽

Acute Lower Respiratory Infection ◽

Lower Respiratory Infection ◽

Open Burning ◽

Intention To Treat ◽

Improved Cookstove

Abstract BackgroundHousehold air pollution exposure is linked with over 3.5 million premature deaths every year, ranking highest among environmental risk factors globally. Children are uniquely vulnerable and sensitive to the damaging health effects of household air pollution which includes childhood acute lower respiratory infection. The use of improved cookstoves has been widely encouraged to reduce these health burdens. It is, however not clear whether it is possible to prevent household air pollution-related disease burdens with locally made improved cookstoves, and the evidence regarding the health effect of improved cookstove interventions among children still attracts wide debate. Therefore, we investigated the child health effect of improved baking stove intervention compared with the continuation of the customary open burning traditional baking stove.MethodsA cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted to assess the health effect of improved baking stove intervention. A total of 100 clusters were randomly allocated to both arms at a 1:1 ratio, and intervention was delivered to all households allocated into the intervention arm. A total of four follow-up visits were carried out within one year at approximately 3-month intervals immediately after the delivery of the intervention. The intervention effect was estimated using odds ratio as a measure of effect following a Generalized Estimating Equations modeling approach among the intention-to-treat population.ResultsA total of 5508 children were enrolled in the study across 100 randomly selected clusters in both arms, among which data were obtained from a total of 5333 participants for at least one follow-up visit which establishes the intention-to-treat population dataset for analysis. The intervention was not found to have a statistically significant effect on the outcome with an estimated odds ratio of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.89–1.02) compared with the continuation of an open burning traditional baking stove method. Harms: There was no difference in the overall incidence rates of cooking-related burns between arms with an incidence rate ratio of 0.80 (95% CI: 0.53–1.21), and there were no grounds to stop the trial early for adverse events.ConclusionsWe found no evidence that an intervention comprising biomass-fuelled improved baking stove reduced the risk of childhood acute lower respiratory infection compared with the continuation of an open burning traditional baking stove method. Therefore, effective cooking solutions are needed to avert the adverse health effect of household air pollution, particularly, childhood acute lower respiratory infection.

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