Potential of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana in the control of tea termite Microtermes obesi Holmgren in vitro and under field conditions

2010 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipendra Singha ◽  
Baby Singha ◽  
Biman K. Dutta
2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson Hirose ◽  
Pedro M. O. J. Neves ◽  
João A. C. Zequi ◽  
Luís H. Martins ◽  
Cristiane H. Peralta ◽  
...  

The in vitro fungitoxic effect of three biofertilizers, E.M.-4, Multibion <FONT FACE=Symbol>Ô</FONT> and Supermagro used in organic agriculture and the neem oil (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) on the entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana was studied. These products were mixed in a medium where the two fungi were inoculated, and germination, vegetative growth and conidiogenesis were assessed. The biofertilizers Supermagro and E.M.- 4 showed to be less toxic for the two fungi whereas Multibion<FONT FACE=Symbol>Ô</FONT> caused major inhibition on M. anisopliae, with reductions in germination (-37.74%), colony diameter (-30.26%) and conidiogenesis (-42.62%). Neem oil promoted a larger negative effect on B. bassiana, inhibiting germination (-45.27%), colony diameter (-36.62%) and conidiogenesis (-84.93%).


2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Vanessa P. Gonçalves ◽  
Cândida R. J. de Farias ◽  
Victoria Moreira-Nunêz ◽  
Renata Moccellin ◽  
Viviana Gaviria-Hernández ◽  
...  

The objective of this work was to evaluate the fungitoxic effect of the agrochemicals used in the cultivation of soybean and irrigated rice on entomopathogenic fungi such as Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae by means of the mycelial growth, sporulation and spore germination. The isolates were inoculated in potato-dextrose-agar (PDA) medium containing the pesticides and exposed to spraying with the products. It was observed that chlorantraniliprole produced the best results regarding and was compatible with the two methods of contact of the product with the fungi. Flubendiamide it&rsquo;s very toxic to fungi, producing 100% inhibition when incorporated into the medium, when by spraying, the fungus M. anisopliae got mycelial growth. Etofenprox and thiamethoxam changed their toxity classification according to the method of contact with product, was moderately compatible to B. bassiana and compatible to M. anisopliae and spinosad showed more compatibility with M. anisopliae than B. bassiana and was classified as compatible. Among fungicides the tricyclazole was the only compatible with the fungus by the spray method. The results showed that in vitro agrochemicals such as tricyclazole, thiamethoxam, flubendiamide and etofenprox are harmful to fungi. It was found that environmental interference could minimize the effects on organisms, especially when the chemicals are applied by spraying.


2001 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 544-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.C.S. Reis ◽  
D.R. Melo ◽  
E.J. Souza ◽  
V.R.E.P. Bittencourt

O trabalho teve por objetivo verificar a mortalidade in vitro de ninfas e adultos de Amblyomma cajennense frente à ação de isolados dos fungos Beauveria bassiana e Metarhizium anisopliae. Foram avaliados três isolados de M. anisopliae (959, 319 e E9) e dois de B. bassiana (986 e 747). As suspensões de conídios foram preparadas a partir de fungos produzidos em meio de arroz, e cada bioensaio foi constituído de quatro tratamentos nas concentrações 10(5), 10(6), 10(7), 10(8) conídios/ml e um grupo-controle. A análise constou da observação do percentual de mortalidade, 15 dias após o tratamento ou após a ecdise de adultos. Foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos quanto à mortalidade para todos os isolados e todos os instares. Nos grupos tratados houve aumento considerável na mortalidade à medida que se aumentava a concentração de conídios na suspensão. Conclui-se que todos os isolados testados causaram mortalidade em testes in vitro sobre esses estádios evolutivos, sugerindo o controle do A. cajennense pela ação desses fungos.


2011 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 939-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Orduño-Cruz ◽  
A.W. Guzmán-Franco ◽  
E. Rodríguez-Leyva ◽  
J. López-Collado ◽  
J.M. Valdéz-Carrasco ◽  
...  

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-111
Author(s):  
Anna Sapieha-Waszkiewicz ◽  
Barbara Marjańska-Cichoń ◽  
Ryszard Miętkiewski ◽  
Mieczysław Żurek

The growth colonies' morphology and sporulation of entomopathogenic fungi was estimated on Sabouraud medium containing botanical fungicides (Bioczos liquid and Biosept 33 SL), and synthetic ones (Teldor 500 SC and Sumilex 500 SC). Entomopathogenic fungi (<i>Beauveria bassiana</i> (Balls.) Vuill., <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i> (Metsch.) Sorok, and <i>Paecilomyces fumosoroseus</i> (Wize) Brown et Smith.), were isolated from soil by means of <i>Galleria mellonella</i> larvae as baits. Isolates Bb I, Ma I, Pf I derivered from herbicide fallow from apple orchard and isolates Bb II, Ma II and Pf II from arable field adjacent to orchard. Fungicides were added to Sabouraud medium at the following concentrations: A-recommended dose, B-10-times lower than the recommended, C-100-times lower than the recommended. The growth of colonies their morphological changes and sporulations were estimated after 5 and 20 days. The same parametrs were observed when fungi were transfered from the medium containing fungicides on the medium with out fungicides. From botanical fungicides Bioczos liquid inhibited fungal growth more than Biosept 33 SL. Both of fungicides were most toxic to fungi at concentration A. Both of <i>P. fumosoroseus</i> isolates were the most sensitive to Bioczos liquid and <i>M. anisopliae</i> to Biosept 33 SL. All concentrations of synthetic fungicides (Sumilex 500 SC, Teldor 500 SC) restricted growth of <i>B. bassiana</i> and <i>M. anisopliae</i> isolates more from arable soil than from herbicide fallow but opposite reaction was found with respect to <i>P. fumosoroseus</i>.


2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Andrea Vanesa Toledo

Los Hemiptera Auchenorrhyncha reúnen la mayor cantidad de especies vectoras de enfermedades a cultivos cerealeros, dentro de los cuales el maíz y el arroz representan los de mayor interés económico. Entre las especies vectoras que afectan al maíz en la zona tropical y templada de América del Sur, Centro América y el Caribe se destacan: Peregrinus maidis (Ashmead), Delphacodes kuscheli Fennah, D. haywardi Muir (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) y Dalbulus maidis (De Long & Wolcott) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), y como plagas de arroz: Tagosodes orizicolus Muir (Delphacidae). A escala mundial, el complejo de enemigos naturales de estos insectos está conformado por depredadores, parasitoides y patógenos. Entre los organismos entomopatógenos se destacan los hongos, los cuales poseen la particularidad de infectar a un gran número de artrópodos y de encontrarse en los hábitats más diversos. Como agentes de control de plagas resulta promisoria la utilización de productos formulados en base a estos microorganismos en Programas de Manejo Integrado. La mayoría de los registros concernientes al hallazgo y utilización de hongos entomopatógenos en Delphacidae y Cicadellidae provienen del continente Asiático, lo cual hace imprescindible abordar este tema a los fines de ampliar el conocimiento de los enemigos naturales de las principales plagas que afectan los cultivos cerealeros en la Argentina. En el presente trabajo de Tesis se propuso relevar y caracterizar los hongos patógenos de Hemípteros Auchenorrhyncha asociados principalmente a cultivos de maíz y malezas aledañas a los mismos; evaluar una selección de aislamientos fúngicos nativos contra Delphacidae y Cicadellidae de cría experimental; observar el modo de acción de los hongos entomopatógenos mediante el estudio de la histopatología de los insectos infectados, con el uso de microscopía óptica y electrónica de barrido; y estimar la estacionalidad y prevalencia de estos entomopatógenos en cultivos de arroz. En cultivos de maíz y malezas aledañas, se identificaron 11 géneros y 13 especies de hongos entomopatógenos. Las dos especies fúngicas más frecuentemente identificadas fueron Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin y Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin. Se incorporaron 22 nuevos insectos hospedadores pertenecientes a los órdenes Hemiptera, Coleoptera y Diptera contribuyendo a ampliar el espectro hospedador natural de los hongos entomopatógenos. Se logró obtener un total de 92 aislamientos fúngicos, de los cuales 65 fueron caracterizados morfológicamente y de acuerdo a la viabilidad, in vitro, de los conidios. Como resultado se obtuvieron 9 morfotipos de colonias para B. bassiana y 9 para M. anisopliae.


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