Correction to: Harbouring the secondary endosymbiont Regiella insecticola increases predation risk and reproduction in the cereal aphid Sitobion avenae

AbstractPolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of enzymes (carboxylesterases) was used for the first time to monitor rates of parasitism in airborne alate (winged) grain aphid, Sitobion avenae (F.) population samples collected by suction trapping in Hertfordshire, UK. Using previously described electrophoretic ‘keys’, the species of hymenopterous parasitoids present in individual aphids were identified and found to be Aphidius ervi (Haliday) and/or Aphidius rhopalosiphi (De Stephani Perez) (Braconidae). Entomophthoralean fungal infection was also detected using this approach. Aphidiid wasp parasitism was detected from early June to mid-August and fungal infection from late June to late July. The results are discussed in relation to parasitoid population structure and dynamics, especially (i) the fact that winged aphids passively transport the early stages of their braconid parasitoids and fungal pathogens, potentially to newly-founded colonies, which may directly impact on the dual aphid-parasitoid populations genetics; and (ii) the approach used to collect and assay parasitised and fungal infected aphids involving both suction trapping and electrophoretic testing may have potential in assessing the level and efficacy of these biological control agents in integrated pest management (IPM) schemes to combat cereal aphid outbreaks.

Download Full-text

Assessment of methods for estimating the numbers of aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Cereals

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/s0007485300008701 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 72 (4) ◽

pp. 675-685 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Alan M. Dewar ◽

Godfrey J. Dean ◽

Ray Cannon

Keyword(s):

Field Studies ◽

Accurate Method ◽

Sitobion Avenae ◽

Cereal Aphid ◽

Metopolophium Dirhodum ◽

Aphid Density ◽

Very High ◽

Vacuum Sampling

AbstractVisual counting was found to be the most accurate method of estimating cereal aphid numbers in field studies in England. Vacuum sampling decreased in efficiency as aphid density increased, but could be a useful alternative to visual counts at very low aphid densities when the latter became too time-consuming. Cutting tillers for later washing in the laboratory was less efficient than visual counting as aphids, especially Metopolophium dirhodum (Wlk.), fell off the plants during sampling, but this method was useful in determining the proportion of different morphs of Sitobion avenae (F.) present at very high densities.

Download Full-text

Predation of the cereal aphid Sitobion avenae by polyphagous predators on the ground

Ecological Entomology ◽

10.1111/j.1365-2311.1990.tb00789.x ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 105-110 ◽

Cited By ~ 82

Author(s):

LINTON WINDER

Keyword(s):

Sitobion Avenae ◽

Cereal Aphid

Download Full-text

Seedling and adult plant resistance to Sitobion avenae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Triticum monococcum (Poaceae), an ancestor of wheat

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1079/ber2003278 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 94 (1) ◽

pp. 35-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

S.M. Migui ◽

R.J. Lamb

Keyword(s):

Plant Resistance ◽

Adult Plant Resistance ◽

Sitobion Avenae ◽

Triticum Monococcum ◽

Growth Potential ◽

Adult Plant ◽

Cereal Aphids ◽

Sources Of Resistance ◽

Cereal Aphid ◽

Overall Resistance

AbstractCereal aphids are important pests of wheat, Triticum aestivum L. and Triticum durum Desf. Crop resistance is a desirable method for managing cereal aphids in central North America, where the dominant crop, spring-sown wheat, has a low value per unit area. A diploid ancestor of wheat, Triticum monococcum L., is reported to be partially resistant to Sitobion avenae (Fabricius), the most damaging cereal aphid in the region. To identify potential sources of resistance, 42 accessions of T. monococcum and three cultivated wheats were infested with aphids, seedlings for six days and adult plants for 21 days. Overall resistance was estimated by the biomass loss of foliage and spikes in relation to uninfested control plants. Antibiosis was estimated by the gain in biomass of aphids during infestation, and tolerance was estimated as a biomass conversion ratio, overall resistance divided by antibiosis. A few T. monococcum accessions exhibited partial resistance. No relationship was found between seedling and adult plant resistance: the former exhibited primarily antibiosis and the latter primarily tolerance. Two accessions with antibiosis reduced aphid biomass by 60% compared with commercial wheats. Tolerance was correlated with growth potential, and was useful only in accessions with high growth potential. Four accessions exhibited tolerance levels at least 30% greater than commercial wheats. Highly susceptible accessions also were identified, which would be useful for investigating the inheritance of antibiosis and tolerance.

Download Full-text