Livestock grazing affects movements and activity pattern of Italian roe deer in Southern Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Gaudiano ◽  
Lorenzo Pucciarelli ◽  
Emiliano Mori
Keyword(s):  
Activity Pattern ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Livestock Grazing

scholarly journals The effect of livestock on the physiological condition of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) is modulated by habitat quality

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Horcajada-Sánchez ◽  
Gema Escribano-Ávila ◽  
Carlos Lara-Romero ◽  
Emilio Virgós ◽  
Isabel Barja
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Quality ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Parasite Load ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Wild Ungulates ◽  
Fecal Cortisol

Abstract Free-range livestock grazing is a widespread human activity that not only modifies natural vegetation but also leads to interactions with wild ungulates. Most commonly, the interactions between cattle and wild ungulates have been studied with a focus on competition for high-quality forage. However, other mechanisms, such as the risk of parasite infection, might better describe this interaction. We aim to determine whether livestock affect roe deer (Capreolus capreolus Linnaeus, 1758) by reducing habitat quality and increasing the probability of infection by shared parasites. We measured noninvasive fecal cortisol metabolites as an indicator of habitat quality as well as the lung nematode larvae burden from the Dictyocaulus genus. A higher Dictyocaulus larvae load was found in the presence of livestock in pines, and feces collected in winter had a higher parasite load than feces collected in autumn. Additionally, fecal cortisol metabolite levels in the roe deer were affected by the interaction between habitat quality and livestock presence and were higher in the poorest habitat and when living in sympatry with cattle. Our results suggest that physiological stress responses in roe deer were mediated by the habitat type and the presence of competitors. The long-term implications of altered physiological responses such as those demonstrated here should be considered in management strategies for deer.

scholarly journals Space Use by Woolly Wolf Canis lupus chanco in Gangotri National Park, Western Himalaya, India

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjana Pal ◽  
Anshu Panwar ◽  
Surendra Prakash Goyal ◽  
Sambandam Sathyakumar
Keyword(s):  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Activity Pattern ◽  
National Park ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Space Use ◽  
Western Himalaya ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Data Set

The woolly wolf Canis lupus chanco is increasingly being accepted as a unique taxon that needs immediate protection and management; however, information on its ecology remains limited across its range. We used camera trapping data set of 4 years (2015–2019) to investigate seasonal activity patterns and space use and assessed woolly wolf food habits in the Gangotri National Park, western Himalaya, India. We used generalized linear mixed models to assess the distribution of the wolf about prey, seasonal livestock grazing, human presence, habitat, and seasons. We observed a positive association with elevation and a negative response to an increase in ruggedness. The capture of wolves increased in winters, indicating a possible effect of snow on the ranging pattern. Spatial avoidance to anthropogenic pressure was not evident in our study; however, temporal avoidance was observed. The activity pattern of the wolf varied among seasons. Wolves were mostly active in the morning and late evening hours in summer and showed a diurnal activity pattern in winter. A less diverse diet was observed where the mean percentage frequency of occurrence and relative biomass was highest for bharal, followed by livestock. Himalayan marmot Marmota himalayana, birds, and rodents also form minor constituents to the diet. Synthesizing all three factors (space, diet, and activity), it may be stated that the wolf presence in the region is influenced by both wild prey availability and seasonality. Therefore, conservation of woolly wolves would require securing a vast landscape with optimal wild prey.

scholarly journals Cercopithifilaria rugosicauda (Spirurida, Onchocercidae) in a roe deer and ticks from southern Italy

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 292-296
Author(s):  
Rafael Antonio Nascimento Ramos ◽  
Alessio Giannelli ◽  
Filipe Dantas-Torres ◽  
Egidio Mallia ◽  
Giuseppe Passantino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Roe Deer

scholarly journals Cattle Grazing Effects on Vegetation and Wild Ungulates in the Forest Ecosystem of a National Park in Northeastern China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan James Roberts ◽  
Yueheng Zhang ◽  
Ian Convery ◽  
Xin Liang ◽  
Darrell Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
National Park ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Wild Ungulate ◽  
Scientific Debate ◽  
Core Areas ◽  
Large Predators

There is evidence that cattle grazing in forests limits big cat abundance. There is concern, too, about competition with wild ungulate prey through bottom-up effects on vegetation. Hence, there have been calls to remove or control forest livestock grazing in aid of restoring endangered large carnivores and their prey. To help inform scientific debate and decision making, we explored cattle-vegetation-prey dynamics in Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park, northeast China and present a reappraisal of livestock grazing in the context of coexistence and an integrated approach to land use in China. Inside long-term forest grazing enclosures, wild boar (Sus scrofa) density increased with cattle density. Roe deer (Capreolus pygargus) density and occurrence probability of wild boar and roe deer were not influenced by cattle density. Wild ungulate densities were not related with the number of annual shoots, i.e., forage plant abundance. The presence/absence and abundance of annual shoots was not related with cattle density. Wild ungulate density had mixed associations with vegetation structure; arbor tree diameter at breast height (DBH) and habitat “openness” increased with cattle density. Finally, inside and outside enclosures had different vegetation characteristics and wild boar densities, while roe deer densities were equal. We conclude that cattle density and associated changes to vegetation have positive, negative, and neutral effects on two wild ungulate prey species. Each of these factors warrant consideration in evidence-based management decisions in regard to regulating ungulate community composition to support different large predators as preferred prey in core areas and corridors of habitats.

The latest Ursus spelaeus in Italy, a new contribution to the extinction chronology of the cave bear

2014 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Martini ◽  
Mauro Coltorti ◽  
Paul P.A. Mazza ◽  
Marco Rustioni ◽  
Fabio Sandrelli
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Rock Falls ◽  
Cave Bear ◽  
Corvus Monedula

AbstractThe skeleton of a young prime adult cave bear, Ursus spelaeus, was found in Chiostraccio Cave (Siena, Tuscany, central Italy), only slightly buried under rock falls. The specimen was dated yielding a conventional age of 24,030 ± 100 14C yr BP (29,200–28,550 cal yr BP), which makes it the latest known representative of the species in Italy. The skeleton was accompanied by the remains of wolf (Canis lupus), wild boar (Sus scrofa), aurochs (Bos primigenius), red deer (Cervus elaphus), roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), bat (Vespertinus murinus), and crow (Corvus monedula). The site seems confirming that the latest Italian U. spelaeus populations shared the risk of intrusion. The association of the cave bear with other animals suggests that the assemblage is an attritional palimpsest of remains of different species not originally associated in life. Cave bears were probably more vegetarian than brown bears and possibly became extinct when plant productivity dropped at the onset of MIS 2. Central and southern Italy may have offered isolated and sheltered refugia for cave bears.

Oscan in Southern Italy and Sicily

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy
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