As a floating nuclear plant on the sea, the nuclear submarine accidents on the sea is much more possible with the service life increasing year after year because of marine mission and harsh environment. In case of nuclear accident, it has a serious result and is difficult comparatively to medical rescue and guarantee. This paper introduces the sorts and basic principles of medical rescue for nuclear accident, especially analyses the characteristic of medical emergency rescue within the submarine, scene disposition points and radiation protection measures of emergency work personnel when an accident occurred on the sea. All that have been discussed has guide meaning and practical significance to medical emergency rescue for nuclear accident on the sea in our country in future.