The Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata Widem. has been an established
pest on the Montenegrin seacoast for more than ten years, although with
variable abundance in different years and localities. From an economic
aspect, its most important host in Montenegro is the mandarin unshiu (Citrus
unshiu Marc.), particularly its cultivar Owari. Dispersion of C. capitata in
citrus orchards (prevailingly mandarin) was monitored on Baosici, Lastva
Grbaljska and Bar localities during 2003 and 2004. The results of this study
showed that, during both years, peripheral-row trees (primarily the first
row) in citrus orchards were more exposed to attacks by C. capitata than
middle and last rows. In 2003, the average number of larvae in mandarin
fruits in first rows varied from 11.4?0.59 to 40.1?0.67, from 7.04?0.47 to
28.8?0.48 and from 2.9?0.07 to 17.3?0.54 on the localities of Baosici, Lastva
Grbaljska and Bar, respectively. On the same localities, it ranged from
7.4?0.34 to 16.9?0.4, from 0.0 to 18.7?0.32 and from 0.0 to 9.93?0.56 in
middle rows, and from 3.0?0.28 to 16.8?0.77, from 0.0 to 20.9?0.38 and from
0.0 to 13.1?0.39 in last rows. Data collected at Baosici, Lastva Grbaljska
and Bar in 2003 also suggest that the average number of larvae per mandarin
fruit in first rows was 1.78-2.08 times higher than in middle rows, and
1.25-1.77 times higher than in last rows. In 2004, the average number of
larvae in mandarin fruits in first rows varied from 7.3?0.27 to 8.3?0.45,
from 7.2?0.23 to 17.6?0.59 and from 3.8?0.1 to 8.8?0.25 on the localities of
Baosici, Lastva Grbaljska and Bar, respectively. On these localities, it
ranged from 1.7 ?0.17 to 3.3?0.19, from 1.1?0.12 to 3.5?0.8 and from 0.0 to
0.8?0.14 in middle rows, and from 1.7?0.17 to 3.6?0.32, from 0.0 to 4.0?0.26
and from 0.0 to 0.2?0.06 in last rows. Data collected in 2004 also showed
that the average number of larvae in mandarin fruits in first rows on the
same localities was 3.12-15.75 times higher than in middle rows, and 2.94
-6.3 times higher than in last rows.
Influence of Ground Predators on the Survival of the Mediterranean Fruit Fly Pupae, Ceratitis capitata, in Spanish Citrus Orchards
