Abstract:
Soil is a major and important natural resource, which not only supports human life but also furnish
commodities for ecological and economic growth. Ecological risk has posed a serious threat to the ecosystem by the
degradation of soil. The high-stress level of heavy metals like chromium, copper, cadmium, etc. produce ecological risks
which include: decrease in the fertility of the soil; reduction in crop yield & degradation of metabolism of living beings,
and hence ecological health. The ecological risk associated, demands the assessment of heavy metal stress levels in soils.
As the rate of stress level of heavy metals is exponentially increasing in recent times, it is apparent to assess or predict
heavy metal contamination in soil. The assessment will help the concerned authorities to take corrective as well as
preventive measures to enhance the ecological and hence economic growth. This study reviews the efficient assessment
models to predict soil heavy metal contamination.
