scholarly journals Isolated Objects and Their Evolution: A Derivation of the Propagator’s Path Integral for Spinless Elementary Particles

2022 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico Napoletani ◽  
Daniele C. Struppa

AbstractWe formalize the notion of isolated objects (units), and we build a consistent theory to describe their evolution and interaction. We further introduce a notion of indistinguishability of distinct spacetime paths of a unit, for which the evolution of the state variables of the unit is the same, and a generalization of the equivalence principle based on indistinguishability. Under a time reversal condition on the whole set of indistinguishable paths of a unit, we show that the quantization of motion of spinless elementary particles in a general potential field can be derived in this framework, in the limiting case of weak fields and low velocities. Extrapolating this approach to include weak relativistic effects, we explore possible experimental consequences. We conclude by suggesting a primitive ontology for the theory of isolated objects.

2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Reschke ◽  
D. G. Farkas ◽  
A. Strinić ◽  
S. Ghara ◽  
K. Guratinder ◽  
...  

AbstractMagnetoelectric phenomena are intimately linked to relativistic effects and also require the material to break spatial inversion symmetry and time-reversal invariance. Magnetoelectric coupling can substantially affect light–matter interaction and lead to non-reciprocal light propagation. Here, we confirm on a fully experimental basis, without invoking either symmetry-based or material-specific assumptions, that the optical magnetoelectric effect in materials with non-parallel magnetization (M) and electric polarization (P) generates a trilinear term in the refractive index, δn ∝ k ⋅ (P × M), where k is the propagation vector of light. Its sharp magnetoelectric resonances in the terahertz regime, which are simultaneously electric and magnetic dipole active excitations, make Co2Mo3O8 an ideal compound to demonstrate this fundamental relation via independent variation of M, P, and k. Remarkably, the material shows almost perfect one-way transparency in moderate magnetic fields for one of these magnetoelectric resonances.


1968 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1446-1451 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Muschik

Attempts are made to give phenomenological reasons for nonlinear Casimir-Onsager reciprocal relations. The fluxes can be defined as time derivations of state variables, or they can be explained by means of balance equations, because only their vectorial properties are used. At first, time reversal is replaced by an abstract parameter reversal from which involutoric transformations of forces and fluxes result. The connection between the parameter reversal of forces and fluxes allows to give reasons for relations which are equal to the Casimir-Onsager reciprocal relations apart from a sign. This sign is determined by experience. The connection between parameter and time reversal is discussed.


2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (14) ◽  
pp. 1944010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Hansen ◽  
Jelle Hartong ◽  
Niels A. Obers

Statements about relativistic effects are often subtle. In this essay we will demonstrate that the three classical tests of general relativity, namely perihelion precession, deflection of light and gravitational redshift, are passed perfectly by an extension of Newtonian gravity that includes gravitational time dilation effects while retaining a non-relativistic causal structure. This non-relativistic gravity theory arises from a covariant large speed of light expansion of Einstein’s theory of gravity that does not assume weak fields and which admits an action principle.


1982 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-161
Author(s):  
Lynne Spellman

In this paper I wish to examine the claim that it would be possible for us now to do something which would be the posterior efficient cause of some past event. I am not prepared to discuss the physics of elementary particles, and I will not consider what is sometimes called time reversal. Rather my analysis will be limited to cases in which it is alleged that we, in a world of middle-sized physical objects where most causes precede or are simultaneous with their effects, could conceivably do something so that something else should have happened. I will argue that some of the cases which meet this description are indeed backwards causation if one is prepared to make certain (not uncommon) assumptions about time. I will not evaluate these assumptions; rather I will try to clarify them and to make plain their implications for causality. For the argument about backwards causation is most fundamentally, or so I will try to show, an argument about the nature of time.


1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Schuller ◽  
G. Nienhuis

We have studied the problem of a collisionally perturbed two-level atom in an intense driving field by developing a method which allows us to calculate the field-dependent collision operator in terms of the low intensity field-independent line-broadening function arising in the usual unified theory of pressure broadening. Our relations are exact to all orders in the field in the limiting case of weak collisions, but they are exact also in the complementary case of strong collisions and weak fields. We apply our results to derive explicit expressions for the rate of optical collisions, the fluorescence spectrum in the case of well-separated components, and the absorption during an adiabatic square pulse.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (08) ◽  
pp. 004-004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille Bonvin ◽  
Felipe Oliveira Franco ◽  
Pierre Fleury

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1640017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Tou Ni

A nonmetric theory of gravity is presented, which agrees with all experiments to date. It possesses a Lagrangian-based nonmetric (i.e. nonminimum) coupling between electromagnetism and gravity which has complete continuous-coordinate-transformation symmetry but violates parity and time-reversal-invariance. The theory predicts the universality of free fall for test bodies, i.e. it obeys the Weak Equivalence Principle (WEP). But due to the nonmetrical coupling between electromagnetism and gravity, it violates the Einstein Equivalence Principle (EEP). Hence, this theory disproves the conjecture due to Schiff which states that any gravitation theory that obeys the WEP must also, unavoidably, obey the EEP. Further examination of the empirical status implications of the EEP is therefore urged.


The energy quantization problem for a rigid diatomic electric dipole molecule in a homogeneous static electric field is considered. The field-free case is treated in some detail, since it is difficult to find a comprehensive treatment in the literature. For the limiting case of very weak fields the available results of conventional perturbation theory are presented in lucid form. For the limiting case of very strong fields an easily survey able perturbation calculation is performed.


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