At the turn of the millennium the German ‘land’ of Nordrhein-Westfalen is one of the more interesting academic landscapes in Europe. With over 40 universities, universities of applied sciences, and academies it has an unusual density of institutions of higher education. The great majority are ‘young’ universities. In particular, those in the conurbation of the Ruhr Area (the industrial heartland of Nordrhein-Westfalen) have to meet demands that go beyond what Humboldt expected from German academia. The Ruhr Area, with both its economic potential and the problems that seem to be endemic in regions of early industrialization, has set its hopes for regional revitalization on the universities. This paper examines in detail the example of the Universität Dortmund, which is located in the eastern part of the Ruhr Area, and focuses on how it has been helping to bring about structural change in that region.