Revision Without Revision Sequences: Circular Definitions

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-85
Author(s):  
Edoardo Rivello
Keyword(s):  
Circular Definitions ◽  
Revision Sequences

On Gupta-Belnap Revision Theories of Truth, Kripkean Fixed Points, and The Next Stable Set

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.D. Welch
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Points ◽  
Stable Set ◽  
Revision Theory ◽  
Theories Of Truth ◽  
Revision Theory Of Truth ◽  
Circular Definitions ◽  
Revision Sequences

AbstractWe consider various concepts associated with the revision theory of truth of Gupta and Belnap. We categorize the notions definable using their theory of circular definitions as those notions universally definable over the next stable set. We give a simplified (in terms of definitional complexity) account of varied revision sequences—as a generalised algorithmic theory of truth. This enables something of a unification with the Kripkean theory of truth using supervaluation schemes.

Circular definitions and analyticity

Inquiry ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 158-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Setsuo Saito
Keyword(s):  
Circular Definitions

On revision operators

2003 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 689-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Welch
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Points ◽  
Alternative Account ◽  
Revision Operations ◽  
Revision Sequences

AbstractWe look at various notions of a class of definability operations that generalise inductive operations, and are characterised as “revision operations”. More particularly we: (i) characterise the revision theoretically definable subsets of a countable acceptable structure; (ii) show that the categorical truth set of Belnap and Gupta's theory of truth over arithmetic using fully varied revision sequences yields a complete Σ31 set of integers; (iii) the set of stably categorical sentences using their revision operator Ψ is similarly Σ31 and which is complete in GÖdel's universe of constructive sets L; (iv) give an alternative account of a theory of truth—realistic variance that simplifies full variance, whilst at the same time arriving at Kripkean fixed points.

Rewriting Moby-Dick: Politics, Textual Identity, and the Revision Narrative

PMLA ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 1043-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Digital Humanities ◽  
Cultural Criticism ◽  
First Century ◽  
Revision Process ◽  
Moby Dick ◽  
John Huston ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Revision Sequences ◽  
The Way

The study of textual evolution, or revision as a textual phenomenon, requires a form of fluid-text editing that not only gives readers access to the textual identities that constitute the versions of a work but also makes the revision process witnessable by generating revision sequences and revision narratives for every revision event. Traditional editorial approaches that mix versions in the editing of a work compromise the integrity of textual identities, and the problem of mixing versions is demonstrated in three examples of the way editors and critics (in the context of orientalist and colonialist discourses) have changed the text of, or rewritten, Herman Melville's Moby-Dick: Edward Said's mistaking John Huston and Ray Bradbury's film ending for Melville's, the British expurgations that modulate Queequeg's homosexuality to preclude the idea of homosexual domesticity and marriage, and the British editors' conversion of Queequeg's Christianity (and modern editors' perpetuation of the unwanted conversion). These historical and modern cases show that readers, sometimes despite themselves, revise texts materially in ways that mirror their desire and the ways of power. Editing the rewriting of a text like Moby-Dick in a digital critical archive would preserve all versions and generate revision narratives that textualize the otherwise invisible dynamics of revision in a culture. With its capacity to edit fluid texts, digital humanities scholarship is well situated to expand the discourse on the dynamics of textual evolution into the literary and cultural criticism of the twenty-first century.

Comparing Inductive and Circular Definitions: Parameters, Complexity and Games

Studia Logica ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai-Uwe Küdhnberger ◽  
Benedikt Löwe ◽  
Michael Möllerfeld ◽  
Philip Welch
Keyword(s):  
Circular Definitions

scholarly journals iWordNet: A New Approach to Cognitive Science and Artificial Intelligence

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Chang ◽  
Monica Chang
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Computational Linguistics ◽  
Word Meaning ◽  
External Representation ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Complex Concept ◽  
Statistical Property ◽  
Circular Definitions ◽  
State Of Mind

One of the main challenges in artificial intelligence or computational linguistics is understanding the meaning of a word or concept. We argue that the connotation of the term “understanding,” or the meaning of the word “meaning,” is merely a word mapping game due to unavoidable circular definitions. These circular definitions arise when an individual defines a concept, the concepts in its definition, and so on, eventually forming a personalized network of concepts, which we call an iWordNet. Such an iWordNet serves as an external representation of an individual’s knowledge and state of mind at the time of the network construction. As a result, “understanding” and knowledge can be regarded as a calculable statistical property of iWordNet topology. We will discuss the construction and analysis of the iWordNet, as well as the proposed “Path of Understanding” in an iWordNet that characterizes an individual’s understanding of a complex concept such as a written passage. In our pilot study of 20 subjects we used a regression model to demonstrate that the topological properties of an individual’s iWordNet are related to his IQ score, a relationship that suggests iWordNets as a potential new methodology to studying cognitive science and artificial intelligence.

scholarly journals The Homeostatic Logic of Reward

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Morville ◽  
Karl Friston ◽  
Denis Burdakov ◽  
Hartwig R. Siebner ◽  
Oliver J. Hulme
Keyword(s):  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Active Inference ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Homeostatic Control ◽  
Dopaminergic Cells ◽  
Time Horizons ◽  
Metabolic States ◽  
Circular Definitions ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractEnergy homeostasis depends on behavior to predictively regulate metabolic states within narrow bounds. Here we review three theories of homeostatic control and ask how they provide insight into the circuitry underlying energy homeostasis. We offer two contributions. First, we detail how control theory and reinforcement learning are applied to homeostatic control. We show how these schemes rest on implausible assumptions; either via circular definitions, unprincipled drive functions, or by ignoring environmental volatility. We argue active inference can elude these shortcomings while retaining important features of each model. Second, we review the neural basis of energetic control. We focus on a subset of arcuate subpopulations that project directly to, and are thus in a privileged position to opponently modulate, dopaminergic cells as a function of energetic predictions over a spectrum of time horizons. We discuss how this can be interpreted under these theories, and how this can resolve paradoxes that have arisen. We propose this circuit constitutes a homeostatic-reward interface that underwrites the conjoint optimisation of physiological and behavioural homeostasis.

scholarly journals Semantic Meaning in Attitudinal Lexemes in the Domain of Kesenangan (Joy) in Indonesian: An Analysis of Meaning Components and Lexical Relation

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Prima Gusti Yanti ◽  
Fairul Zabadi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Semantic Theory ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Semantic Meaning ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Circular Definitions ◽  
Language Data ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Common ◽  
Lexical Relations

The attitudinal lexeme on the domain of kesenangan in Indonesia language has not shown such clear meaning relationship, for both the common and diagnostic meaning of the lexemes. Those lexemes have such circular definitions, confusing upon their use. This study is conducted using a qualitative research approach employing content analysis technique. The aim of this study is to find out lexical relation and semantic meaning in attitudinal lexeme in the domain of kesenangan (joy) in Indonesian language. Data is collected from seven Indonesian dictionaries, two magazines, five newspapers, and six literary works. All data is analyzed using a component analysis in the semantic theory. The research findings show that fourteen (14) lexemes (senang, nikmat, enak, puas, asyik, sukacita, ria, bangga, lega, bahagia, gembira, girang, riang, and ceria) of attitudinal lexemes are related with the domain of kesenangan. The result shows that hyponymy and synonymy lexical relations occur in the domain of kesenangan. Synonymy relation consists of near-synonymy and propositional synonymy. In this case, absolute synonymy is not found. 

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