Plant growth and root morphology of Phaseolus vulgaris L. grown in a split-root system is affected by heterogeneity of crude oil pollution and mycorrhizal colonization

2010 ◽  
Vol 332 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 339-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Langer ◽  
Syafruddin Syafruddin ◽  
Siegrid Steinkellner ◽  
Markus Puschenreiter ◽  
Walter W. Wenzel
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Root System ◽  
Root Morphology ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Crude Oil Pollution ◽  
Split Root ◽  
Split Root System

scholarly journals Plant-Microbe Communication Enhances Auxin Biosynthesis by a Root-Associated Bacterium, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 324-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunpeng Liu ◽  
Lin Chen ◽  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Zunfeng Li ◽  
Guishan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root System ◽  
Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Root Surface Area ◽  
Growth Enhancement ◽  
Split Root ◽  
Split Root System ◽  
Bacterium Bacillus

Mechanisms by which beneficial rhizobacteria promote plant growth include tryptophan-dependent indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) synthesis. The abundance of tryptophan in the rhizosphere, however, may influence the level of benefit provided by IAA-producing rhizobacteria. This study examined the cucumber-Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9 system and found that SQR9, a bacterium previously shown to enhance the growth of cucumber, increased root secretion of tryptophan by three- to fourfold. Using a split-root system, SQR9 colonization of roots in one chamber not only increased tryptophan secretion from the noninoculated roots but also increased the expression of the cucumber tryptophan transport gene but not the anthranilate synthesis gene in those roots. The increased tryptophan in isolated rhizosphere exudates was sufficient to support increased IAA production by SQR9. Moreover, SQR9 colonization of roots in one chamber in the split-root system resulted in sufficient tryptophan production by the other roots to upregulate SQR9 IAA biosynthesis genes, including a 27-fold increase in the indole-3-acetonitrilase gene yhcX during subsequent colonization of those roots. Deletion of yhcX eliminated SQR9-mediated increases in root surface area, likely by reducing IAA-stimulated lateral root growth. This study demonstrates a chemical dialogue between B. amyloliquefaciens and cucumber in which this communication contributes to bacteria-mediated plant-growth enhancement.

Preference in the nodulation ofPhaseolus vulgariscv. RAB39. II. Effect of delayed inoculation or low cell representation in the inoculant on nodule occupancy byRhizobium tropiciUMR1899

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 844-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constanza Montealegre ◽  
Peter H. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Nodule Occupancy ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Rhizobium Tropici ◽  
Split Root ◽  
Split Root System ◽  
Marked Preference ◽  
Inoculant Strain

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a traditional crop in much of Latin America, where it is often planted into soils containing numerous, sometimes ineffective, indigenous rhizobia. The presence of these indigenous organisms can limit response to inoculation. Because of this, we have sought bean cultivars that will nodulate preferentially with the inoculant strain, and have previously reported on the preference between the bean cultivar RAB39 and strains of Rhizobium tropici. We have detailed this interaction using the inoculant-quality strain UMR1899. In the present study the root tip marking (RTM) technique was used to demonstrate that this preference in nodulation was evident, even when inoculation with UMR1899 was delayed up to 8 relative to that with Rhizobium etli UMR1632. In contrast to studies with other legumes, roots of RAB39 were not predisposed to nodulate with UMR1632, even though preexposed to this strain for considerable periods of time. The presence of UMR1899 actually reduced nodulation by UMR1632 substantially, even when inoculation with UMR1899 was significantly delayed. When UMR1899 and UMR1632 were applied to separate halves of a split-root system, the number of nodules on the side receiving UMR1632 was less than for the half root inoculated with UMR1899, but the differences were not significant. This suggests that the preference response is not systemic but requires proximity between the strains involved. UMR1899 produced more than 50% of the nodules even when the ratio of UMR1632:UMR1899 in the inoculant was 10:1. The results are further evidence of a stable and marked preference of RAB39 for UMR1899, which warrants a more detailed study at the field level.Key words: Phaseolus vulgaris L., common bean, delayed inoculation, strain preference, cell proportions.

scholarly journals Changes of Heart Rate and Lipid Composition in Mytilus Edulis and Modiolus Modiolus Caused by Crude Oil Pollution and Low Salinity Effects

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-60
Author(s):  
Igor Bakhmet ◽  
Natalia Fokina ◽  
Tatiana Ruokolainen
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Mytilus Edulis ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
Blue Mussels ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Crude Oil Pollution ◽  
Modiolus Modiolus

Blue mussels, Mytilus edulis, inhabiting tidal zones, are naturally exposed to fluctuating environmental conditions (e.g., fluctuations in temperature and salinities), while horse mussels, Modiolus modiolus, live under relatively invariable shelf water conditions. The present investigation tested the hypothesis: blue mussels, in comparison to horse mussels, have an increased ability to tolerate the stress of pollution combined with low salinity. To assess the response of blue mussels and horse mussels to oil pollution at seawater salinities of 25 psu (normal) and 15 psu (low), we used a combination of heart rate and lipid composition as physiological and biochemical indicators, respectively. A sharp decrease in heart rate as well as important fluctuations in cardiac activity was observed under all oil concentrations. Modifications in the concentrations of the main membrane lipid classes (phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and cholesterol) and storage lipids (primarily triacylglycerols) in response to different crude oil concentrations were time- and dose-dependent. Both chosen indicators showed a high sensitivity to crude oil contamination. Furthermore, both bivalve species showed similar responses to oil pollution, suggesting a universal mechanism for biochemical adaptation to crude oil pollution.

Responses of soybean to ammonium and nitrate supplied in combination to the whole root system or separately in a split-root system

1994 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvain Chaillou ◽  
James W. Rideout ◽  
C. David Raper, ◽  
Jean-Francois Morot-Gaudry
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Split Root ◽  
Split Root System

Response of a Newly Identified Trichoderma Harzianum KY488466 to Crude Oil Pollution and Its Expression of Peroxidase Genes

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Segun Gbolagade Jonathan ◽  
Michael Asemoloye ◽  
Rafiq Ahmad ◽  
O. Joseph Olawuyi ◽  
Damilola Adejoye
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Crude Oil Pollution
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